Study on antimicrobial effects of heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
Journal name: Ancient Science of Life
Original article title: An in vitro study on the antimicrobial effect of select heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
The ANSCI is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal focused on Ayurveda and traditional medicines. It publishes original research, reviews, and literary studies linking traditional knowledge with modern science, covering disciplines like botany, ethnomedicine, pharmacology, and clinical research.
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Original source:
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Y.S.R. Reddy, Sama Venkatesh, Uma Shankar Misra, B. Suresh, Md Afzal Azam, M Sethuraman
Ancient Science of Life:
(A quarterly multi-disciplinary scientific research journal in Ayurveda)
Full text available for: An in vitro study on the antimicrobial effect of select heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
Year: 1995
Copyright (license): CC BY-NC-SA
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
This study investigates the in vitro antimicrobial activity of seventeen selected heterocyclic nitrogen compounds, specifically 2-substituted pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-oxo-1[4]-3-carbonitriles and ethyl 5-amino-3(substituted)–pyrazole-3-carboxylates. The antimicrobial effects were tested against strains of Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Candida albicans using a standard two-fold serial dilution method to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values. The results indicated that the pyrazole and pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine compounds exhibited varying degrees of activity against bacterial strains but were ineffective against the fungal strain C. albicans.
Limited Efficacy Against C. albicans
One of the key findings of the study was that both pyrazole and pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidine compounds showed no inhibitory activity against Candida albicans. While these compounds were effective against E. coli with MIC values ranging from 25 µg/ml to 50 µg/ml, and against B. subtilis with an MIC of 50 µg/ml, their inability to affect C. albicans highlights a significant limitation in their antimicrobial spectrum. The study points out that the antimicrobial activity of the tested compounds was relatively low, as reflected in their high MIC values when compared to standard drugs like ampicillin and clotrimazole, which display stronger antimicrobial properties.
Conclusion
The findings from this study contribute to the understanding of the antimicrobial potential of heterocyclic nitrogen compounds, showing that while some compounds may inhibit certain bacterial strains, they lack effectiveness against fungal strains such as C. albicans. The authors suggest that these results warrant further investigations to confirm the antimicrobial activities and explore the effectiveness of these compounds against a broader range of microbial strains. Future studies could provide additional insights and potentially lead to the development of new antimicrobial agents with improved efficacy against both bacterial and fungal infections.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What was the primary aim of the study conducted?
The study aimed to assess the in vitro antimicrobial activity of selected heterocyclic nitrogen compounds against specific bacterial and fungal strains.
Which strains were used to test antimicrobial activity?
The strains tested included Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Candida albicans, which were procured from recognized laboratories.
What were the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values observed?
The MIC values ranged from 25 µg/ml to 50 µg/ml for E. coli and 50 µg/ml for B. subtilis, while no activity was noted against C. albicans.
How do the antimicrobial effects of compounds compare to standard drugs?
The antimicrobial effects observed in this study were lower than that of standard drugs like ampicillin and clotrimazole, suggesting limited efficacy of the tested compounds.
Glossary definitions and references:
Scientific and Ayurvedic Glossary list for “Study on antimicrobial effects of heterocyclic nitrogen compounds”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of Ayurveda and other topics.
1) Activity:
In the context of the study, 'Activity' refers to the antimicrobial effects exhibited by the selected heterocyclic nitrogen compounds against various microbial strains, specifically Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, and Candida albicans. The efficacy of compounds is quantified through Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values, indicating their effectiveness in inhibiting microbial growth. This term highlights the primary focus of the research, which is to evaluate and compare the biological effects of the tested compounds.
2) Drug:
'Drug' in this study hints at the therapeutic potential of the tested heterocyclic nitrogen compounds and their capability to act against pathogenic microorganisms. The study emphasizes the significance of these chemical compounds, often used in drug development, showcasing their role as possible alternatives or supplements to conventional antimicrobial agents like ampicillin and clotrimazole. This term underscores the broader implications of the research in pharmacology and treatment strategies.
3) Antibiotic (Antibacterial):
'Antibacterial' refers to the property of substances to inhibit or kill bacteria. The study investigates the antibacterial effects of the heterocyclic nitrogen compounds against specific bacterial strains, especially highlighting their selective activity against E. coli and B. subtilis. Understanding these effects is vital for assessing the potential of new compounds as viable treatments for bacterial infections, which is critical given the ongoing challenges of antibiotic resistance.
4) Discussion:
'Discussion' implies a section of the research where the authors interpret and analyze the results obtained from the experiments. It's where they compare their findings against existing literature, explore implications, and suggest further research directions. This part is essential for contextualizing the outcomes, understanding limitations of the study, and proposing future investigations, thus contributing to the overall scientific dialogue.
5) Science (Scientific):
'Science' in this context encompasses the systematic study and application of knowledge aimed at understanding natural phenomena. The research presented delves into the chemical and biological aspects of heterocyclic compounds and their interactions with microorganisms, reflecting the scientific inquiry and methodology that underpin pharmacological research. This term emphasizes the research’s foundation in scientific principles and its contribution to medicinal chemistry.
6) Mishra (Miśra):
'Misra' refers to one of the authors of the study, Uma Shankar Misra, representing a contributor to the research. The inclusion of author names emphasizes the collaborative nature of scientific work, indicating the individuals involved in conducting the experiments and analyzing the data, thereby attributing credit and accountability to their roles in the research endeavor.
7) Sama (Śama, Sāmā, Sāma, Shama, Samā):
'Sama' refers to another contributing author of the study, Sama Venkatesh. Authors' names like 'Sama' serve to acknowledge their contributions and roles in the research process. This term highlights the collaborative effort in scientific investigations, showcasing that research is often a team endeavor involving multiple experts sharing knowledge and expertise.
Other Health Sciences Concepts:
Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘Study on antimicrobial effects of heterocyclic nitrogen compounds’. Further sources in the context of Health Sciences might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:
Therapeutic properties, Research Institute, Analgesic effect, In vitro study, Minimum inhibitory concentration, Anti-inflammatory effect, Antimicrobial effect, Antibacterial effect, Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, Standard drug, Bacillus subtilis, Pyrazole compounds, Two-fold serial dilution method.