Sanskrit quote nr. 995 (Maha-subhashita-samgraha)

Sanskrit text:

अद्यारभ्य न हि प्रिये पुनरहं मानस्य वा भाजनं गृह्णीयां विषरूपिणः शठमतेर्नामापि संक्षेपतः ।
किं तेनैव विना शशाङ्ककिरणस्पष्टाट्टहासा निशा नैको वा दिवसः पयोदमलिनो यायान् मम प्रावृषि ॥

adyārabhya na hi priye punarahaṃ mānasya vā bhājanaṃ gṛhṇīyāṃ viṣarūpiṇaḥ śaṭhamaternāmāpi saṃkṣepataḥ |
kiṃ tenaiva vinā śaśāṅkakiraṇaspaṣṭāṭṭahāsā niśā naiko vā divasaḥ payodamalino yāyān mama prāvṛṣi ||

Presented above is a Sanskrit aphorism, also known as a subhāṣita, which is at the very least, a literary piece of art. This page provides critical research material such as an anlaysis on the poetic meter used, an English translation, a glossary explaining technical terms, and a list of resources including print editions and digital links.

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: Consider this as an approximate extraction of glossary words based on an experimental segmentation of the Sanskrit verse. Some could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned.

Adya (अद्य, adyā, अद्या): defined in 11 categories.
Ad (अद्): defined in 2 categories.
Arabhya (ārabhya, आरभ्य): defined in 5 categories.
Na (न): defined in 12 categories.
Hi (हि): defined in 7 categories.
Pri (prī, प्री): defined in 2 categories.
Priya (प्रिय, priyā, प्रिया): defined in 11 categories.
Punar (पुनर्): defined in 4 categories.
Aha (अह): defined in 16 categories.
Asmad (अस्मद्): defined in 2 categories.
Mana (māna, मान): defined in 24 categories.
Manasya (mānasya, मानस्य): defined in 3 categories.
Va (व, vā, वा): defined in 11 categories.
Var (vār, वार्): defined in 6 categories.
Bhajana (bhājana, भाजन): defined in 12 categories.
Visha (visa, viṣa, विष): defined in 19 categories.
Rupina (rūpiṇa, रूपिण): defined in 2 categories.
Shathamati (sathamati, śaṭhamati, शठमति): defined in 1 categories.
Api (अपि): defined in 4 categories.
Ap (अप्): defined in 9 categories.
Sankshepa (sanksepa, saṅkṣepa, सङ्क्षेप): defined in 11 categories.
Ta (त, ṭa, ट): defined in 11 categories.
Tas (तस्): defined in 4 categories.
Kim (किम्): defined in 4 categories.
Tad (तद्): defined in 4 categories.
Tena (तेन): defined in 7 categories.
Vina (vinā, विना): defined in 21 categories.
Vi (वि, vī, वी): defined in 8 categories.
Shashanka (sasanka, śaśāṅka, शशाङ्क): defined in 12 categories.
Kirana (kiraṇa, किरण): defined in 10 categories.
Spashta (spasta, spaṣṭa, स्पष्ट): defined in 8 categories.
Hasa (hāsa, हास, hāsā, हासा): defined in 13 categories.
Hasas (hāsas, हासस्): defined in 1 categories.
Naika (नैक): defined in 5 categories.
Divasa (दिवस): defined in 8 categories.
Payoda (पयोद): defined in 3 categories.
Alin (अलिन्): defined in 3 categories.
Alina (अलिन): defined in 6 categories.
Pravrish (pravrs, prāvṛṣ, प्रावृष्): defined in 4 categories.

Defined according to the following glossaries/dictionaries: Sanskrit, Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism), Purana (epic history), Ayurveda (science of life), Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar), Shaktism (Shakta philosophy), Marathi, Hindi, Kannada, Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra), Biology (plants and animals), Jainism, Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism), Theravada (major branch of Buddhism), India history, Prakrit, Tamil, Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy), Kavya (poetry), Chandas (prosody, study of Sanskrit metres), Nepali, Pali, Yoga (school of philosophy), Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology), Dharmashastra (religious law), Buddhism, Hinduism, Vastushastra (architecture), Shilpashastra (iconography), Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma), Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy), Nirukta (Sanskrit etymology), Vaisheshika (school of philosophy), Kosha (encyclopedic lexicons), Gitashastra (science of music), Kamashastra (the science of Love-making), Arts (wordly enjoyments)

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit verse. If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

Line 1: “adyārabhya na hi priye punarahaṃ mānasya vā bhājanaṃ gṛhṇīyāṃ viṣarūpiṇaḥ śaṭhamaternāmāpi saṃkṣepataḥ”
adyā -
adya (indeclinable adverb)

[indeclinable adverb]

adya (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

adya (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

adyā (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]

ad (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

ad (noun, neuter)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]
ārabhya -
ārabhya (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

ārabhya (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
na -
na (indeclinable particle)

[indeclinable particle]

na (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

na (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
hi -
hi (indeclinable particle)

[indeclinable particle]
priye -
prī (noun, masculine)

[dative single]

prī (noun, feminine)

[dative single]

priya (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

priya (noun, neuter)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]

priyā (noun, feminine)

[nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]

√pṛ (verb class 3)

[present passive first single]

√pṛ (verb class 9)

[present passive first single]

√pṛ (verb class 5)

[present passive first single]

√pṛ (verb class 6)

[present middle first single], [present passive first single]
punar -
punar (indeclinable adverb)

[indeclinable adverb]

punar (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]
aham -
aha (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

asmad (pronoun, none)

[nominative single]
mānasya -
mānasya (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

māna (noun, masculine)

[genitive single]

māna (noun, neuter)

[genitive single]

√man -> māna (participle, masculine)

[genitive single from √man class 4 verb], [genitive single from √man class 8 verb]

√man -> māna (participle, neuter)

[genitive single from √man class 4 verb], [genitive single from √man class 8 verb]
vā* -
vār (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single]

vār (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]

va (noun, masculine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural]

vā (noun, feminine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
bhājanam -
bhājana (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

bhājana (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

bhājanā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]
gṛhṇīyām -
√grah (verb class 9)

[optative active first single]
viṣa -
viṣa (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

viṣa (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
rūpiṇaḥ -
rūpiṇa (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]

rūpin (noun, masculine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural], [ablative single], [genitive single]

rūpin (noun, neuter)

[ablative single], [genitive single]
śaṭhamater -
śaṭhamati (noun, masculine)

[ablative single], [genitive single]

śaṭhamati (noun, feminine)

[ablative single], [genitive single]
nāmā -
nāman (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
api -
api (indeclinable preposition)

[indeclinable preposition]

ap (noun, neuter)

[locative single]
saṅkṣepa -
saṅkṣepa (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]
taḥ -
tas (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

tas (noun, neuter)

[compound], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]

ta (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
Line 2: “kiṃ tenaiva vinā śaśāṅkakiraṇaspaṣṭāṭṭahāsā niśā naiko vā divasaḥ payodamalino yāyān mama prāvṛṣi”
kim -
kim (indeclinable interrogative)

[indeclinable interrogative]

kim (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

kim (pronoun, neuter)

[nominative single], [accusative single]
tenai -
tena (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

ta (noun, masculine)

[instrumental single]

ta (noun, neuter)

[instrumental single]

tad (noun, neuter)

[instrumental single]

sa (noun, masculine)

[instrumental single]

√tan (verb class 8)

[perfect active second plural]

√tan (verb class 4)

[perfect active second plural]

√tan (verb class 1)

[perfect active second plural]
aiva -
√i (verb class 2)

[imperfect active first dual]
vinā -
vinā (indeclinable postposition)

[indeclinable postposition]

vi (noun, masculine)

[instrumental single]

vi (noun, neuter)

[instrumental single]

vī (noun, neuter)

[instrumental single]
śaśāṅka -
śaśāṅka (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]
kiraṇa -
kiraṇa (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]
spaṣṭāṭ -
spaṣṭa (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [ablative single]

spaṣṭa (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [ablative single]

√spaś -> spaṣṭa (participle, masculine)

[ablative single from √spaś class 1 verb]

√spaś -> spaṣṭa (participle, neuter)

[ablative single from √spaś class 1 verb]
ṭa -
ṭa (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

ṭa (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
hāsā* -
hāsa (noun, masculine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural]

hāsā (noun, feminine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]

hāsas (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
niśā* -
niśā (noun, feminine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
naiko* -
naika (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
vā* -
vār (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single]

vār (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]

va (noun, masculine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural]

vā (noun, feminine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
divasaḥ -
divasa (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
payodam -
payoda (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

payoda (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

payodā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]
alino* -
alin (noun, masculine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural], [ablative single], [genitive single]

alina (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
yāyān -
√yā (verb class 2)

[optative active third single]
mama -
asmad (pronoun, none)

[genitive single]

√mā (verb class 2)

[perfect active second plural]

√mā (verb class 3)

[perfect active second plural]

√mā (verb class 4)

[perfect active second plural]

√mā (verb class 1)

[perfect active second plural]
prāvṛṣi -
prāvṛṣ (noun, feminine)

[locative single]

About the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha

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This quote is included within the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha (महासुभाषितसंग्रह, maha-subhashita-samgraha / subhasita-sangraha), which is a compendium of Sanskrit aphorisms (subhāṣita), collected from various sources. Subhāṣita is a genre of Sanskrit literature, exposing the vast and rich cultural heritage of ancient India.

It has serial number 995 and can be found on page . (read on archive.org)

Sanskrit is the oldest living language and bears testimony to the intellectual past of ancient India. Three major religions (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism) share this language, which is used for many of their holy books. Besides religious manuscripts, much of India’s ancient culture has been preserved in Sanskrit, covering topics such as Architecture, Music, Botany, Surgery, Ethics, Philosophy, Dance and much more.

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Last Updated: 24 April, 2019