Sanskrit quote nr. 9160 (Maha-subhashita-samgraha)

Sanskrit text:

कष्टं खलु मूर्खत्वं ।
कष्टं खलु यौवने च दारिद्र्यम् ॥

kaṣṭaṃ khalu mūrkhatvaṃ |
kaṣṭaṃ khalu yauvane ca dāridryam ||

Index

  1. Introduction
  2. Glossary of terms
  3. Analysis of Sanskrit grammar
  4. About the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha

Presented above is a Sanskrit aphorism, also known as a subhāṣita, which is at the very least, a literary piece of art. This page provides critical research material such as an anlaysis on the poetic meter used, an English translation, a glossary explaining technical terms, and a list of resources including print editions and digital links.

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: Consider this as an approximate extraction of glossary words based on an experimental segmentation of the Sanskrit verse. Some could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned.

Kashtam (kastam, kaṣṭam, कष्टम्): defined in 3 categories.
Kashta (kasta, kaṣṭa, कष्ट): defined in 13 categories.
Khalu (खलु): defined in 6 categories.
Murkhatva (mūrkhatva, मूर्खत्व): defined in 3 categories.
Yauvana (यौवन): defined in 10 categories.
Ca (च): defined in 8 categories.
Daridrya (dāridrya, दारिद्र्य): defined in 7 categories.

Defined according to the following glossaries/dictionaries: Sanskrit, Biology (plants and animals), Tamil, Jainism, Purana (epic history), Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy), Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology), Shaktism (Shakta philosophy), Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy), Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism), Marathi, Hindi, Kannada, Nepali, Pali, Prakrit, Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism), Vastushastra (architecture), Ayurveda (science of life), Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar), India history, Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra)

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit verse. If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

  • Line 1: “kaṣṭaṃ khalu mūrkhatvaṃ
  • kaṣṭam -
  • kaṣṭam (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    kaṣṭa (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    kaṣṭa (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    kaṣṭā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
    kaṣ -> kaṣṭa (participle, masculine)
    [accusative single from √kaṣ class 1 verb]
    kaṣ -> kaṣṭa (participle, neuter)
    [nominative single from √kaṣ class 1 verb], [accusative single from √kaṣ class 1 verb]
    kaś -> kaṣṭa (participle, masculine)
    [accusative single from √kaś class 1 verb]
    kaś -> kaṣṭa (participle, neuter)
    [nominative single from √kaś class 1 verb], [accusative single from √kaś class 1 verb]
  • khalu -
  • khalu (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
  • mūrkhatvam -
  • mūrkhatva (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
  • Line 2: “kaṣṭaṃ khalu yauvane ca dāridryam
  • kaṣṭam -
  • kaṣṭam (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    kaṣṭa (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    kaṣṭa (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    kaṣṭā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
    kaṣ -> kaṣṭa (participle, masculine)
    [accusative single from √kaṣ class 1 verb]
    kaṣ -> kaṣṭa (participle, neuter)
    [nominative single from √kaṣ class 1 verb], [accusative single from √kaṣ class 1 verb]
    kaś -> kaṣṭa (participle, masculine)
    [accusative single from √kaś class 1 verb]
    kaś -> kaṣṭa (participle, neuter)
    [nominative single from √kaś class 1 verb], [accusative single from √kaś class 1 verb]
  • khalu -
  • khalu (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
  • yauvane -
  • yauvana (noun, neuter)
    [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]
  • ca -
  • ca (indeclinable conjunction)
    [indeclinable conjunction]
    ca (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    ca (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • dāridryam -
  • dāridrya (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

About the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha

This quote is included within the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha (महासुभाषितसंग्रह, maha-subhashita-samgraha / subhasita-sangraha), which is a compendium of Sanskrit aphorisms (subhāṣita), collected from various sources. Subhāṣita is a genre of Sanskrit literature, exposing the vast and rich cultural heritage of ancient India.

It has serial number 9160 and can be found on page . (read on archive.org)

Sanskrit is the oldest living language and bears testimony to the intellectual past of ancient India. Three major religions (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism) share this language, which is used for many of their holy books. Besides religious manuscripts, much of India’s ancient culture has been preserved in Sanskrit, covering topics such as Architecture, Music, Botany, Surgery, Ethics, Philosophy, Dance and much more.

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