Sanskrit quote nr. 8366 (Maha-subhashita-samgraha)

Sanskrit text:

कठिने दुर्गमे वासो गुप्तशक्तिप्रकाशनम् ।
रणे पुत्रः यथा शोच्यः कलहं वेश्यया सह ॥

kaṭhine durgame vāso guptaśaktiprakāśanam |
raṇe putraḥ yathā śocyaḥ kalahaṃ veśyayā saha ||

Index

  1. Introduction
  2. Glossary of terms
  3. Analysis of Sanskrit grammar
  4. About the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha

Presented above is a Sanskrit aphorism, also known as a subhāṣita, which is at the very least, a literary piece of art. This page provides critical research material such as an anlaysis on the poetic meter used, an English translation, a glossary explaining technical terms, and a list of resources including print editions and digital links.

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: Consider this as an approximate extraction of glossary words based on an experimental segmentation of the Sanskrit verse. Some could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned.

Kathina (kaṭhina, कठिन, kaṭhinā, कठिना): defined in 8 categories.
Durgama (दुर्गम, durgamā, दुर्गमा): defined in 7 categories.
Vasas (vāsas, वासस्): defined in 7 categories.
Vasa (vāsa, वास): defined in 24 categories.
Gupta (गुप्त): defined in 13 categories.
Shaktin (saktin, śaktin, शक्तिन्): defined in 1 categories.
Prakashana (prakasana, prakāśana, प्रकाशन): defined in 7 categories.
Rana (raṇa, रण): defined in 12 categories.
Putra (पुत्र): defined in 14 categories.
Yatha (yathā, यथा): defined in 5 categories.
Shocya (socya, śocya, शोच्य): defined in 5 categories.
Kalaha (कलह): defined in 11 categories.
Veshya (vesya, veśyā, वेश्या): defined in 8 categories.
Saha (सह): defined in 12 categories.

Defined according to the following glossaries/dictionaries: Sanskrit, Pali, Purana (epic history), Ayurveda (science of life), Theravada (major branch of Buddhism), Marathi, Hindi, Kannada, Jainism, Shaktism (Shakta philosophy), Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy), Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology), Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy), Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa), Arts (wordly enjoyments), Hinduism, Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism), Vastushastra (architecture), Kavya (poetry), Yoga (school of philosophy), Dharmashastra (religious law), Rasashastra (chemistry and alchemy), Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism), India history, Prakrit, Biology (plants and animals), Nepali, Shilpashastra (iconography), Arthashastra (politics and welfare), Tamil

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit verse. If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

  • Line 1: “kaṭhine durgame vāso guptaśaktiprakāśanam
  • kaṭhine -
  • kaṭhina (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
    kaṭhina (noun, neuter)
    [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]
    kaṭhinā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
  • durgame -
  • durgama (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
    durgama (noun, neuter)
    [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]
    durgamā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
  • vāso* -
  • vāsas (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
    vāsa (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • gupta -
  • gupta (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    gupta (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    gup -> gupta (participle, masculine)
    [vocative single from √gup class 4 verb]
    gup -> gupta (participle, neuter)
    [vocative single from √gup class 4 verb]
  • śakti -
  • śakti (noun, feminine)
    [compound], [adverb]
    śakti (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [adverb]
    śaktin (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [adverb]
    śaktin (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
  • prakāśanam -
  • prakāśana (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    prakāśana (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    prakāśanā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
  • Line 2: “raṇe putraḥ yathā śocyaḥ kalahaṃ veśyayā saha
  • raṇe -
  • raṇa (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
    raṇa (noun, neuter)
    [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]
  • putraḥ -
  • putra (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • yathā -
  • yathā (indeclinable adverb)
    [indeclinable adverb]
    yathā (indeclinable relative)
    [indeclinable relative]
    yathā (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
  • śocyaḥ -
  • śocya (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
    śuc -> śocya (participle, masculine)
    [nominative single from √śuc class 1 verb], [nominative single from √śuc class 4 verb], [nominative single from √śuc]
    śuc -> śocya (participle, masculine)
    [nominative single from √śuc]
  • kalaham -
  • kalaha (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    kalahā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
  • veśyayā -
  • veśyā (noun, feminine)
    [instrumental single]
    viś -> veśyā (participle, feminine)
    [instrumental single from √viś class 6 verb], [instrumental single from √viś]
    viś -> veśyā (participle, feminine)
    [instrumental single from √viś class 1 verb], [instrumental single from √viś]
  • saha -
  • saha (indeclinable postposition)
    [indeclinable postposition]
    saha (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    saha (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    sah (verb class 1)
    [imperative active second single]

About the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha

This quote is included within the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha (महासुभाषितसंग्रह, maha-subhashita-samgraha / subhasita-sangraha), which is a compendium of Sanskrit aphorisms (subhāṣita), collected from various sources. Subhāṣita is a genre of Sanskrit literature, exposing the vast and rich cultural heritage of ancient India.

It has serial number 8366 and can be found on page . (read on archive.org)

Sanskrit is the oldest living language and bears testimony to the intellectual past of ancient India. Three major religions (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism) share this language, which is used for many of their holy books. Besides religious manuscripts, much of India’s ancient culture has been preserved in Sanskrit, covering topics such as Architecture, Music, Botany, Surgery, Ethics, Philosophy, Dance and much more.

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