Sanskrit quote nr. 717 (Maha-subhashita-samgraha)

Sanskrit text:

अत्रकण्ठं विलुठ सलिले निर्जला भूः पुरस्ताज् जह्याः शोषं वदनविहितेनामलक्याः ।
फलेन स्थाने स्थाने तदिति पथिकस्त्रीजन(ः) क्लान्तगात्रीं पश्यन् सीतां किमु न कृपया वर्धितो रोदितश्च ॥

atrakaṇṭhaṃ viluṭha salile nirjalā bhūḥ purastāj jahyāḥ śoṣaṃ vadanavihitenāmalakyāḥ |
phalena sthāne sthāne taditi pathikastrījana(ḥ) klāntagātrīṃ paśyan sītāṃ kimu na kṛpayā vardhito roditaśca ||

Presented above is a Sanskrit aphorism, also known as a subhāṣita, which is at the very least, a literary piece of art. This page provides critical research material such as an anlaysis on the poetic meter used, an English translation, a glossary explaining technical terms, and a list of resources including print editions and digital links.

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: Consider this as an approximate extraction of glossary words based on an experimental segmentation of the Sanskrit verse. Some could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned.

Atra (अत्र): defined in 5 categories.
Kantha (kaṇṭha, कण्ठ): defined in 20 categories.
Vi (वि, vī, वी): defined in 8 categories.
Salila (सलिल, salilā, सलिला): defined in 12 categories.
Nirjala (निर्जल, nirjalā, निर्जला): defined in 5 categories.
Bhu (भु, bhū, भू): defined in 16 categories.
Shosha (sosa, śoṣa, शोष): defined in 13 categories.
Vadana (वदन): defined in 13 categories.
Vihita (विहित): defined in 9 categories.
Amalaki (āmalakī, आमलकी): defined in 8 categories.
Phala (फल): defined in 25 categories.
Sthane (sthāne, स्थाने): defined in 1 categories.
Sthana (sthāna, स्थान): defined in 22 categories.
Tad (तद्): defined in 4 categories.
Tat (तत्): defined in 7 categories.
Iti (इति): defined in 6 categories.
Pathika (पथिक): defined in 8 categories.
Tri (त्रि): defined in 10 categories.
Jana (जन): defined in 14 categories.
Janas (जनस्): defined in 1 categories.
Pashyat (pasyat, paśyat, पश्यत्): defined in 3 categories.
Sita (sītā, सीता): defined in 23 categories.
Na (न): defined in 12 categories.
Kripa (krpa, kṛpā, कृपा): defined in 8 categories.
Vardhita (वर्धित): defined in 7 categories.
Rodita (रोदित): defined in 2 categories.
Ca (च): defined in 9 categories.

Defined according to the following glossaries/dictionaries: Sanskrit, Pali, Marathi, Hindi, Nepali, Jainism, Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism), Vastushastra (architecture), Shilpashastra (iconography), Purana (epic history), Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy), Ayurveda (science of life), Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar), Shaktism (Shakta philosophy), Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy), Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism), India history, Prakrit, Kannada, Gitashastra (science of music), Theravada (major branch of Buddhism), Kavya (poetry), Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology), Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma), Yoga (school of philosophy), Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra), Biology (plants and animals), Mantrashastra (the science of Mantras), Chandas (prosody, study of Sanskrit metres), Hinduism, Tamil, Mimamsa (school of philosophy), Ganapatya (worship of Ganesha), Nyaya (school of philosophy), Dharmashastra (religious law), Buddhist philosophy, Buddhism, Arts (wordly enjoyments)

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit verse. If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

Line 1: “atrakaṇṭhaṃ viluṭha salile nirjalā bhūḥ purastāj jahyāḥ śoṣaṃ vadanavihitenāmalakyāḥ”
atra -
atra (indeclinable adverb)

[indeclinable adverb]

atra (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

atra (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
kaṇṭham -
kaṇṭha (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]
vi -
vi (indeclinable adverb)

[indeclinable adverb]

vi (indeclinable preposition)

[indeclinable preposition]

vi (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb]

vi (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]

ve (noun, masculine)

[adverb]

vī (noun, feminine)

[adverb]

vī (noun, masculine)

[adverb]

vī (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]

vi (Preverb)

[Preverb]
luṭha -
√luṭh (verb class 6)

[imperative active second single]
salile -
salila (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

salila (noun, neuter)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]

salilā (noun, feminine)

[nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
nirjalā* -
nirjala (noun, masculine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural]

nirjalā (noun, feminine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
bhūḥ -
bhu (noun, feminine)

[accusative plural]

bhū (noun, masculine)

[nominative single], [vocative single]

bhū (noun, feminine)

[nominative single], [vocative single]

√bhū (verb class 1)

[injunctive active second single]
Cannot analyse purastāj*ja
jahyāḥ -
√hā (verb class 3)

[optative active second single]
śoṣam -
śoṣa (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

śoṣa (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

śoṣā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]
vadana -
vadana (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
vihitenā -
vihita (noun, masculine)

[instrumental single]

vihita (noun, neuter)

[instrumental single]
āmalakyāḥ -
āmalakī (noun, feminine)

[ablative single], [genitive single]
Line 2: “phalena sthāne sthāne taditi pathikastrījana(ḥ) klāntagātrīṃ paśyan sītāṃ kimu na kṛpayā vardhito roditaśca”
phalena -
phala (noun, masculine)

[instrumental single]

phala (noun, neuter)

[instrumental single]
sthāne -
sthāne (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

sthāna (noun, neuter)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]
sthāne -
sthāne (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

sthāna (noun, neuter)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]
tad -
tad (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

tad (indeclinable adverb)

[indeclinable adverb]

tat (indeclinable correlative)

[indeclinable correlative]

tad (noun, neuter)

[compound], [nominative single], [accusative single]
iti -
iti (indeclinable particle)

[indeclinable particle]

iti (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb]
pathikas -
pathika (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
trī -
tri (noun, masculine)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
janaḥ -
janas (noun, neuter)

[compound], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]

jana (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
Cannot analyse klāntagātrīm*pa
paśyan -
paśyat (noun, masculine)

[nominative single], [vocative single]
sītām -
sītā (noun, feminine)

[accusative single]

√sai -> sītā (participle, feminine)

[accusative single from √sai class 1 verb]
Cannot analyse kimu*na
na -
na (indeclinable particle)

[indeclinable particle]

na (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

na (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
kṛpayā -
kṛpā (noun, feminine)

[instrumental single]
vardhito* -
vardhita (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]

√vardh -> vardhita (participle, masculine)

[nominative single from √vardh class 10 verb]

√vṛdh -> vardhita (participle, masculine)

[nominative single from √vṛdh]
roditaś -
√rud -> rodita (participle, masculine)

[nominative single from √rud class 2 verb], [nominative single from √rud]
ca -
ca (indeclinable conjunction)

[indeclinable conjunction]

ca (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

ca (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

About the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha

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This quote is included within the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha (महासुभाषितसंग्रह, maha-subhashita-samgraha / subhasita-sangraha), which is a compendium of Sanskrit aphorisms (subhāṣita), collected from various sources. Subhāṣita is a genre of Sanskrit literature, exposing the vast and rich cultural heritage of ancient India.

It has serial number 717 and can be found on page . (read on archive.org)

Sanskrit is the oldest living language and bears testimony to the intellectual past of ancient India. Three major religions (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism) share this language, which is used for many of their holy books. Besides religious manuscripts, much of India’s ancient culture has been preserved in Sanskrit, covering topics such as Architecture, Music, Botany, Surgery, Ethics, Philosophy, Dance and much more.

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Last Updated: 23 April, 2019