Sanskrit quote nr. 60 (Maha-subhashita-samgraha)

Sanskrit text:

अकार्ये तथ्यो वा भवति वितथः काममथवा तथाप्युच्चैर्धाम्नां हरति महिमानं जनरवः ।
तुलोत्तीर्णस्यापि प्रकटनिहताशेषतमसो रवेस्तादृक्तेजो न हि भवति कन्यां गत इति ॥

akārye tathyo vā bhavati vitathaḥ kāmamathavā tathāpyuccairdhāmnāṃ harati mahimānaṃ janaravaḥ |
tulottīrṇasyāpi prakaṭanihatāśeṣatamaso ravestādṛktejo na hi bhavati kanyāṃ gata iti ||

Presented above is a Sanskrit aphorism, also known as a subhāṣita, which is at the very least, a literary piece of art. This page provides critical research material such as an anlaysis on the poetic meter used, an English translation, a glossary explaining technical terms, and a list of resources including print editions and digital links.

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: Consider this as an approximate extraction of glossary words based on an experimental segmentation of the Sanskrit verse. Some could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned.

Akarya (akārya, अकार्य, akāryā, अकार्या): defined in 4 categories.
Tathya (तथ्य): defined in 5 categories.
Va (व, vā, वा): defined in 11 categories.
Var (vār, वार्): defined in 6 categories.
Bhavati (bhavatī, भवती): defined in 6 categories.
Bhavat (भवत्): defined in 4 categories.
Bhavant (भवन्त्): defined in 2 categories.
Vitatha (वितथ): defined in 9 categories.
Kamam (kāmam, कामम्): defined in 6 categories.
Kama (kāma, काम): defined in 24 categories.
Athava (athavā, अथवा): defined in 5 categories.
Tatha (tathā, तथा): defined in 6 categories.
Api (अपि): defined in 4 categories.
Ap (अप्): defined in 9 categories.
Uccairdhaman (uccairdhāman, उच्चैर्धामन्): defined in 1 categories.
Harat (हरत्): defined in 2 categories.
Mahiman (महिमन्): defined in 4 categories.
Janarava (जनरव): defined in 2 categories.
Tula (तुल, tulā, तुला): defined in 17 categories.
Uttirna (uttīrṇa, उत्तीर्ण): defined in 7 categories.
Prakata (prakaṭa, प्रकट): defined in 7 categories.
Nihata (निहत, nihatā, निहता): defined in 5 categories.
Ravi (रवि): defined in 19 categories.
Tadrik (tadrk, tādṛk, तादृक्): defined in 1 categories.
Tadrish (tadrs, tādṛś, तादृश्): defined in 2 categories.
Teja (तेज): defined in 11 categories.
Tejas (तेजस्): defined in 16 categories.
Na (न): defined in 12 categories.
Hi (हि): defined in 7 categories.
Kani (kanī, कनी): defined in 6 categories.
Kanya (kanyā, कन्या): defined in 15 categories.
Gat (गत्): defined in 3 categories.
Gata (गत): defined in 10 categories.
Iti (इति): defined in 6 categories.

Defined according to the following glossaries/dictionaries: Sanskrit, Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar), Marathi, Kannada, Purana (epic history), Hindi, India history, Prakrit, Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra), Biology (plants and animals), Tamil, Hinduism, Pali, Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism), Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy), Shaktism (Shakta philosophy), Vastushastra (architecture), Nepali, Shilpashastra (iconography), Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma), Yoga (school of philosophy), Ayurveda (science of life), Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy), Dharmashastra (religious law), Theravada (major branch of Buddhism), Arts (wordly enjoyments), Jainism, Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology), Vaisheshika (school of philosophy), Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism), Vedanta (school of philosophy), Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa), Kavya (poetry), Buddhism, Rasashastra (chemistry and alchemy), Chandas (prosody, study of Sanskrit metres)

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit verse. If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

Line 1: “akārye tathyo vā bhavati vitathaḥ kāmamathavā tathāpyuccairdhāmnāṃ harati mahimānaṃ janaravaḥ”
akārye -
akārya (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

akārya (noun, neuter)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]

akāryā (noun, feminine)

[nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]

√kṛ (verb class 0)

[imperfect passive first single]
tathyo* -
tathya (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
vā* -
vār (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single]

vār (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]

va (noun, masculine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural]

vā (noun, feminine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
bhavati -
bhavatī (noun, feminine)

[adverb], [vocative single]

bhavat (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

bhavat (noun, neuter)

[locative single]

bhavant (pronoun, masculine)

[locative single]

bhavant (pronoun, neuter)

[locative single]

√bhū (verb class 1)

[present active third single]
vitathaḥ -
vitatha (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
kāmam -
kāmam (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

kāma (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

kāma (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

kāmā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]
athavā -
athavā (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]
tathā -
tathā (indeclinable correlative)

[indeclinable correlative]

tathā (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]
apyu -
api (indeclinable preposition)

[indeclinable preposition]

ap (noun, neuter)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]
uccairdhāmnām -
uccairdhāman (noun, masculine)

[genitive plural]

uccairdhāman (noun, neuter)

[genitive plural]
harati -
√hṛ -> harat (participle, masculine)

[locative single from √hṛ class 1 verb]

√hṛ -> harat (participle, neuter)

[locative single from √hṛ class 1 verb]

√hṛ (verb class 1)

[present active third single]
mahimānam -
mahiman (noun, masculine)

[accusative single]
janaravaḥ -
janarava (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
Line 2: “tulottīrṇasyāpi prakaṭanihatāśeṣatamaso ravestādṛktejo na hi bhavati kanyāṃ gata iti”
tulo -
tula (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

tulā (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]
uttīrṇasyā -
uttīrṇa (noun, masculine)

[genitive single]

uttīrṇa (noun, neuter)

[genitive single]
api -
api (indeclinable preposition)

[indeclinable preposition]

ap (noun, neuter)

[locative single]
prakaṭa -
prakaṭa (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

prakaṭa (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
nihatā -
nihata (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

nihata (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

nihatā (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]
aśeṣatam -
aśeṣatā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]

√śiṣ (verb class 1)

[imperfect active second dual]
aso* -
√sas (verb class 2)

[imperfect active second single]
raves -
ravi (noun, masculine)

[ablative single], [genitive single]

√ru (verb class 1)

[optative active second single]
tādṛk -
tādṛk (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

tādṛś (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single]

tādṛś (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
tejo* -
tejas (noun, neuter)

[compound], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]

teja (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
na -
na (indeclinable particle)

[indeclinable particle]

na (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

na (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
hi -
hi (indeclinable particle)

[indeclinable particle]
bhavati -
bhavatī (noun, feminine)

[adverb], [vocative single]

bhavat (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

bhavat (noun, neuter)

[locative single]

bhavant (pronoun, masculine)

[locative single]

bhavant (pronoun, neuter)

[locative single]

√bhū (verb class 1)

[present active third single]
kanyām -
kanī (noun, feminine)

[locative single]

kanyā (noun, feminine)

[accusative single]
gata* -
gat (noun, masculine)

[accusative plural], [ablative single], [genitive single]

gat (noun, neuter)

[ablative single], [genitive single]

gata (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
iti -
iti (indeclinable particle)

[indeclinable particle]

iti (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb]

About the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha

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This quote is included within the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha (महासुभाषितसंग्रह, maha-subhashita-samgraha / subhasita-sangraha), which is a compendium of Sanskrit aphorisms (subhāṣita), collected from various sources. Subhāṣita is a genre of Sanskrit literature, exposing the vast and rich cultural heritage of ancient India.

It has serial number 60 and can be found on page . (read on archive.org)

Sanskrit is the oldest living language and bears testimony to the intellectual past of ancient India. Three major religions (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism) share this language, which is used for many of their holy books. Besides religious manuscripts, much of India’s ancient culture has been preserved in Sanskrit, covering topics such as Architecture, Music, Botany, Surgery, Ethics, Philosophy, Dance and much more.

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Last Updated: 20 April, 2019