Sanskrit quote nr. 583 (Maha-subhashita-samgraha)

Sanskrit text:

अतिप्रौढा रात्रिर्बहलशिखदीपः प्रभवति प्रियः प्रेमारब्धस्मरविधिरसज्ञः परमसौ ।
सखि स्वैरं स्वैरं सुरतमकरोद्व्रीडितवपुर् यतः पर्यङ्कोऽयं रिपुरिव कडत्कारमुखरः ॥

atiprauḍhā rātrirbahalaśikhadīpaḥ prabhavati priyaḥ premārabdhasmaravidhirasajñaḥ paramasau |
sakhi svairaṃ svairaṃ suratamakarodvrīḍitavapur yataḥ paryaṅko'yaṃ ripuriva kaḍatkāramukharaḥ ||

Presented above is a Sanskrit aphorism, also known as a subhāṣita, which is at the very least, a literary piece of art. This page provides critical research material such as an anlaysis on the poetic meter used, an English translation, a glossary explaining technical terms, and a list of resources including print editions and digital links.

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: Consider this as an approximate extraction of glossary words based on an experimental segmentation of the Sanskrit verse. Some could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned.

Atipraudha (atiprauḍha, अतिप्रौढ, atiprauḍhā, अतिप्रौढा): defined in 1 categories.
Ra (र): defined in 11 categories.
Rat (rāt, रात्): defined in 6 categories.
Bahala (बहल): defined in 10 categories.
Shikha (sikha, śikha, शिख): defined in 20 categories.
Dipa (dīpa, दीप): defined in 18 categories.
Prabhavat (प्रभवत्): defined in 3 categories.
Pri (prī, प्री): defined in 2 categories.
Priya (प्रिय): defined in 11 categories.
Prema (premā, प्रेमा): defined in 10 categories.
Arabdha (ārabdha, आरब्ध): defined in 6 categories.
Smara (स्मर): defined in 6 categories.
Vidhi (विधि): defined in 15 categories.
Jna (jña, ज्ञ): defined in 6 categories.
Parama (परम): defined in 16 categories.
Svairam (स्वैरम्): defined in 1 categories.
Svaira (स्वैर): defined in 4 categories.
Surata (सुरत): defined in 8 categories.
Vridita (vrīḍita, व्रीडित): defined in 2 categories.
Vapu (वपु): defined in 8 categories.
Vapus (वपुस्): defined in 7 categories.
Yatah (yataḥ, यतः): defined in 1 categories.
Yat (यत्): defined in 2 categories.
Yata (यत): defined in 7 categories.
Paryanka (paryaṅka, पर्यङ्क): defined in 9 categories.
Aya (अय): defined in 14 categories.
Idam (इदम्): defined in 3 categories.
Ripu (रिपु): defined in 13 categories.
Iva (इव): defined in 4 categories.
Kadatkara (kaḍatkāra, कडत्कार): defined in 1 categories.
Ukha (उख): defined in 4 categories.

Defined according to the following glossaries/dictionaries: Sanskrit, Purana (epic history), Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar), India history, Marathi, Prakrit, Hindi, Kannada, Biology (plants and animals), Tamil, Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism), Ayurveda (science of life), Jainism, Pali, Kavya (poetry), Shaktism (Shakta philosophy), Hinduism, Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma), Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy), Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology), Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy), Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa), Chandas (prosody, study of Sanskrit metres), Yoga (school of philosophy), Ganapatya (worship of Ganesha), Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism), Theravada (major branch of Buddhism), Buddhism, Kavyashastra (science of poetry), Arts (wordly enjoyments), Mimamsa (school of philosophy), Vedanta (school of philosophy), Shilpashastra (iconography), Vastushastra (architecture), Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra)

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit verse. If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

Line 1: “atiprauḍhā rātrirbahalaśikhadīpaḥ prabhavati priyaḥ premārabdhasmaravidhirasajñaḥ paramasau”
atiprauḍhā* -
atiprauḍha (noun, masculine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural]

atiprauḍhā (noun, feminine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
rāt -
ra (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [ablative single]

ra (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [ablative single]

√rā -> rāt (participle, neuter)

[nominative single from √rā class 2 verb], [vocative single from √rā class 2 verb], [accusative single from √rā class 2 verb]
ri -
ṛ (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb]

ṛ (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb]

rī (noun, feminine)

[adverb]

rai (noun, masculine)

[adverb]
ir -
i (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
bahala -
bahala (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

bahala (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
śikha -
śikha (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]
dīpaḥ -
dīpa (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
prabhavati -
prabhavat (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

prabhavat (noun, neuter)

[locative single]
priyaḥ -
prī (noun, masculine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural], [ablative single], [genitive single]

prī (noun, feminine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural], [ablative single], [genitive single]

priya (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
premā -
preman (noun, masculine)

[compound], [nominative single]

preman (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]

premā (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]
ārabdha -
ārabdha (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

ārabdha (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
smara -
smara (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

smara (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

√smṛ (verb class 1)

[imperative active second single]
vidhir -
vidhi (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]

vidhi (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
asa -
asan (noun, neuter)

[compound]
jñaḥ -
jña (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
parama -
parama (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

parama (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
sau -
si (noun, feminine)

[locative single]
Line 2: “sakhi svairaṃ svairaṃ suratamakarodvrīḍitavapur yataḥ paryaṅko'yaṃ ripuriva kaḍatkāramukharaḥ”
sakhi -
sakhi (noun, masculine)

[adverb]

sakhī (noun, feminine)

[adverb], [vocative single]
svairam -
svairam (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

svaira (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

svaira (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

svairā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]
svairam -
svairam (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

svaira (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

svaira (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

svairā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]
suratam -
surata (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

surata (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

suratā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]

√sur (verb class 6)

[imperative active second dual]
akarod -
√kṛ (verb class 8)

[imperfect active third single]
vrīḍita -
vrīḍita (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

vrīḍita (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

√vrīḍ -> vrīḍita (participle, masculine)

[vocative single from √vrīḍ class 1 verb], [vocative single from √vrīḍ class 4 verb], [vocative single from √vrīḍ class 10 verb]

√vrīḍ -> vrīḍita (participle, neuter)

[vocative single from √vrīḍ class 1 verb], [vocative single from √vrīḍ class 4 verb], [vocative single from √vrīḍ class 10 verb]
vapur -
vapus (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single]

vapus (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]

vapu (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]

vapu (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
yataḥ -
yataḥ (indeclinable relative)

[indeclinable relative]

yataḥ (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

yat (noun, masculine)

[accusative plural], [ablative single], [genitive single]

yat (noun, neuter)

[ablative single], [genitive single]

yata (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]

√i -> yat (participle, masculine)

[accusative plural from √i class 2 verb], [ablative single from √i class 2 verb], [genitive single from √i class 2 verb]

√i -> yat (participle, neuter)

[ablative single from √i class 2 verb], [genitive single from √i class 2 verb]

√yam -> yata (participle, masculine)

[nominative single from √yam class 1 verb]
paryaṅko' -
paryaṅka (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
ayam -
aya (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

idam (pronoun, masculine)

[nominative single]
ripur -
ripu (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]

ripu (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]
iva -
iva (indeclinable adverb)

[indeclinable adverb]

iva (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]
kaḍatkāram -
kaḍatkāra (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]
ukha -
ukha (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]
raḥ -
ra (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]

About the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha

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This quote is included within the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha (महासुभाषितसंग्रह, maha-subhashita-samgraha / subhasita-sangraha), which is a compendium of Sanskrit aphorisms (subhāṣita), collected from various sources. Subhāṣita is a genre of Sanskrit literature, exposing the vast and rich cultural heritage of ancient India.

It has serial number 583 and can be found on page . (read on archive.org)

Sanskrit is the oldest living language and bears testimony to the intellectual past of ancient India. Three major religions (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism) share this language, which is used for many of their holy books. Besides religious manuscripts, much of India’s ancient culture has been preserved in Sanskrit, covering topics such as Architecture, Music, Botany, Surgery, Ethics, Philosophy, Dance and much more.

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Last Updated: 23 April, 2019