Sanskrit quote nr. 527 (Maha-subhashita-samgraha)
Sanskrit text:
अतिकुपिता अपि सुजना योगेन मृदूभवन्ति न तु नीचाः ।
हेम्नः कठिनस्यापि द्रवणोपायोऽस्ति न तृणानाम् ॥atikupitā api sujanā yogena mṛdūbhavanti na tu nīcāḥ |
hemnaḥ kaṭhinasyāpi dravaṇopāyo'sti na tṛṇānām ||
Index
Presented above is a Sanskrit aphorism, also known as a subhāṣita, which is at the very least, a literary piece of art. This page provides critical research material such as an anlaysis on the poetic meter used, an English translation, a glossary explaining technical terms, and a list of resources including print editions and digital links.
Glossary of Sanskrit terms
Note: Consider this as an approximate extraction of glossary words based on an experimental segmentation of the Sanskrit verse. Some could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned.
Ati (अति): defined in 9 categories.
Kupita (कुपित, kupitā, कुपिता): defined in 6 categories.
Api (अपि): defined in 4 categories.
Ap (अप्): defined in 9 categories.
Sujana (सुजन): defined in 9 categories.
Yogena (योगेन): defined in 1 categories.
Yoga (योग): defined in 26 categories.
Mridu (mrdu, mṛdu, मृदु): defined in 14 categories.
Bhavanti (bhavantī, भवन्ती): defined in 3 categories.
Bhavat (भवत्): defined in 4 categories.
Bhavant (भवन्त्): defined in 2 categories.
Na (न): defined in 12 categories.
Tu (तु): defined in 6 categories.
Nica (nīca, नीच, nīcā, नीचा): defined in 13 categories.
Hemna (हेम्न): defined in 1 categories.
Kathina (kaṭhina, कठिन): defined in 8 categories.
Dravana (dravaṇa, द्रवण): defined in 7 categories.
Upaya (upāya, उपाय): defined in 18 categories.
Upayu (upāyu, उपायु): defined in 1 categories.
Trina (trna, tṛṇa, तृण): defined in 12 categories.
Defined according to the following glossaries/dictionaries: Sanskrit, Pali, Ayurveda (science of life), Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar), India history, Marathi, Hindi, Kannada, Biology (plants and animals), Purana (epic history), Jainism, Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology), Vaisheshika (school of philosophy), Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism), Prakrit, Arts (wordly enjoyments), Buddhism, Hinduism, Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism), Arthashastra (politics and welfare), Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma), Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy), Yoga (school of philosophy), Shaktism (Shakta philosophy), Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy), Dharmashastra (religious law), Rasashastra (chemistry and alchemy), Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa), Theravada (major branch of Buddhism), Jain philosophy, Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra), Nepali, Tamil, Mantrashastra (the science of Mantras), Nyaya (school of philosophy), Vastushastra (architecture)
Analysis of Sanskrit grammar
Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit verse. If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.
- Line 1: “atikupitā api sujanā yogena mṛdūbhavanti na tu nīcāḥ”
- ati -
-
ati (indeclinable adverb)[indeclinable adverb]ati (indeclinable)[indeclinable]
- kupitā* -
-
kupita (noun, masculine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural]kupitā (noun, feminine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]√kup -> kupita (participle, masculine)[nominative plural from √kup class 4 verb], [vocative plural from √kup class 4 verb], [nominative plural from √kup class 10 verb], [vocative plural from √kup class 10 verb]√kup -> kupitā (participle, feminine)[nominative plural from √kup class 4 verb], [vocative plural from √kup class 4 verb], [accusative plural from √kup class 4 verb], [nominative plural from √kup class 10 verb], [vocative plural from √kup class 10 verb], [accusative plural from √kup class 10 verb]
- api -
-
api (indeclinable preposition)[indeclinable preposition]ap (noun, neuter)[locative single]
- sujanā* -
-
sujana (noun, masculine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural]
- yogena -
-
yogena (indeclinable)[indeclinable]yoga (noun, masculine)[instrumental single]
- mṛdū -
-
mṛdū (noun, feminine)[compound]mṛdu (noun, masculine)[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
- bhavanti -
-
bhavanti (noun, masculine)[compound], [adverb]bhavantī (noun, feminine)[adverb], [vocative single]bhavat (noun, neuter)[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]bhavant (pronoun, neuter)[nominative plural], [accusative plural]√bhū (verb class 1)[present active third plural]
- na -
-
na (indeclinable particle)[indeclinable particle]na (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]na (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- tu -
-
tu (indeclinable particle)[indeclinable particle]
- nīcāḥ -
-
nīca (noun, masculine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural]nīcā (noun, feminine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
- Line 2: “hemnaḥ kaṭhinasyāpi dravaṇopāyo'sti na tṛṇānām”
- hemnaḥ -
-
heman (noun, masculine)[accusative plural], [ablative single], [genitive single]heman (noun, neuter)[ablative single], [genitive single]hemna (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- kaṭhinasyā -
-
kaṭhina (noun, masculine)[genitive single]kaṭhina (noun, neuter)[genitive single]
- api -
-
api (indeclinable preposition)[indeclinable preposition]ap (noun, neuter)[locative single]
- dravaṇo -
-
dravaṇa (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- upāyo' -
-
upāya (noun, masculine)[nominative single]upāyu (noun, masculine)[vocative single]upāyu (noun, feminine)[vocative single]
- asti -
-
asti (noun, feminine)[compound], [adverb]√as (verb class 2)[present active third single]
- na -
-
na (indeclinable particle)[indeclinable particle]na (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]na (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- tṛṇānām -
-
tṛṇa (noun, masculine)[genitive plural]tṛṇa (noun, neuter)[genitive plural]
About the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha
buy this bookThis quote is included within the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha (महासुभाषितसंग्रह, maha-subhashita-samgraha / subhasita-sangraha), which is a compendium of Sanskrit aphorisms (subhāṣita), collected from various sources. Subhāṣita is a genre of Sanskrit literature, exposing the vast and rich cultural heritage of ancient India.
It has serial number 527 and can be found on page . (read on archive.org)
Sanskrit is the oldest living language and bears testimony to the intellectual past of ancient India. Three major religions (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism) share this language, which is used for many of their holy books. Besides religious manuscripts, much of India’s ancient culture has been preserved in Sanskrit, covering topics such as Architecture, Music, Botany, Surgery, Ethics, Philosophy, Dance and much more.