Sanskrit quote nr. 449 (Maha-subhashita-samgraha)

Sanskrit text:

अज्ञानेन पराङ्मुखीं परिभवादाश्लिष्य मां दुःखितां किं लब्धं शठ दुर्नयेन नयता सौभाग्यमेतां दशाम् ।
पश्यैतद्दयिताकुचव्यतिकरोन्मृष्टाङ्गरागारुणं वक्षस्ते मलतैलपङ्कशबलैर्वेणीपदैरङ्कितम् ॥

ajñānena parāṅmukhīṃ paribhavādāśliṣya māṃ duḥkhitāṃ kiṃ labdhaṃ śaṭha durnayena nayatā saubhāgyametāṃ daśām |
paśyaitaddayitākucavyatikaronmṛṣṭāṅgarāgāruṇaṃ vakṣaste malatailapaṅkaśabalairveṇīpadairaṅkitam ||

Presented above is a Sanskrit aphorism, also known as a subhāṣita, which is at the very least, a literary piece of art. This page provides critical research material such as an anlaysis on the poetic meter used, an English translation, a glossary explaining technical terms, and a list of resources including print editions and digital links.

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: Consider this as an approximate extraction of glossary words based on an experimental segmentation of the Sanskrit verse. Some could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned.

Ajnana (ajñāna, अज्ञान): defined in 12 categories.
Paranmukhi (parāṅmukhī, पराङ्मुखी): defined in 2 categories.
Paribhava (परिभव): defined in 7 categories.
Ma (mā, मा): defined in 10 categories.
Asmad (अस्मद्): defined in 2 categories.
Duhkhita (duḥkhitā, दुःखिता): defined in 8 categories.
Kim (किम्): defined in 4 categories.
Labdha (लब्ध): defined in 10 categories.
Shatha (satha, śaṭha, शठ): defined in 10 categories.
Durnaya (दुर्नय): defined in 4 categories.
Nayat (नयत्): defined in 2 categories.
Saubhagya (saubhāgya, सौभाग्य): defined in 12 categories.
Eta (etā, एता): defined in 5 categories.
Pashya (pasya, paśya, पश्य, paśyā, पश्या): defined in 5 categories.
Etad (एतद्): defined in 2 categories.
Dayita (dayitā, दयिता): defined in 6 categories.
Kuca (कुच): defined in 10 categories.
Vyatikara (व्यतिकर, vyatikarā, व्यतिकरा): defined in 8 categories.
Unmrishta (unmrsta, unmṛṣṭa, उन्मृष्ट, unmṛṣṭā, उन्मृष्टा): defined in 2 categories.
Angaraga (aṅgarāga, अङ्गराग): defined in 8 categories.
Aruna (aruṇa, अरुण): defined in 17 categories.
Vakshas (vaksas, vakṣas, वक्षस्): defined in 6 categories.
Ta (त, tā, ता): defined in 11 categories.
Tad (तद्): defined in 4 categories.
Yushmad (yusmad, yuṣmad, युष्मद्): defined in 3 categories.
Aila (ऐल): defined in 6 categories.
Panka (paṅka, पङ्क): defined in 11 categories.
Shabala (sabala, śabala, शबल): defined in 14 categories.
Veni (veṇi, वेणि, veṇī, वेणी): defined in 13 categories.
Venin (veṇin, वेणिन्): defined in 1 categories.
Pada (पद): defined in 28 categories.
Ankita (aṅkita, अङ्कित): defined in 8 categories.

Defined according to the following glossaries/dictionaries: Jainism, Sanskrit, Purana (epic history), Yoga (school of philosophy), Ayurveda (science of life), Shaktism (Shakta philosophy), Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy), Dharmashastra (religious law), Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism), Marathi, Hindi, Kannada, Pali, Prakrit, Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism), Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar), India history, Biology (plants and animals), Tamil, Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology), Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra), Arts (wordly enjoyments), Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy), Vastushastra (architecture), Kavya (poetry), Jain philosophy, Kamashastra (the science of Love-making), Hinduism, Shilpashastra (iconography), Theravada (major branch of Buddhism), Vedanta (school of philosophy), Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma), Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa), Chandas (prosody, study of Sanskrit metres), Mantrashastra (the science of Mantras)

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit verse. If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

Line 1: “ajñānena parāṅmukhīṃ paribhavādāśliṣya māṃ duḥkhitāṃ kiṃ labdhaṃ śaṭha durnayena nayatā saubhāgyametāṃ daśām”
ajñānena -
ajñāna (noun, masculine)

[instrumental single]

ajñāna (noun, neuter)

[instrumental single]
parāṅmukhīm -
parāṅmukhī (noun, feminine)

[accusative single]
paribhavād -
paribhava (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [ablative single]
ā -
ā (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]

ṛ (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]

ṛ (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]

ā (Preverb)

[Preverb]
śliṣya -
√śliṣ -> śliṣya (absolutive)

[absolutive from √śliṣ]

√śliṣ -> śliṣya (absolutive)

[absolutive from √śliṣ]

√śliṣ (verb class 4)

[imperative active second single]
mām -
mā (noun, feminine)

[accusative single]

asmad (pronoun, none)

[accusative single]
duḥkhitām -
duḥkhitā (noun, feminine)

[accusative single]
kim -
kim (indeclinable interrogative)

[indeclinable interrogative]

kim (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

kim (pronoun, neuter)

[nominative single], [accusative single]
labdham -
labdha (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

labdha (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

labdhā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]

√labh -> labdha (participle, masculine)

[accusative single from √labh class 1 verb]

√labh -> labdha (participle, neuter)

[nominative single from √labh class 1 verb], [accusative single from √labh class 1 verb]
śaṭha -
śaṭha (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

śaṭha (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

√śaṭh (verb class 1)

[imperative active second single]
durnayena -
durnaya (noun, masculine)

[instrumental single]
nayatā -
nayat (noun, masculine)

[instrumental single]

nayat (noun, neuter)

[instrumental single]

√nay -> nayat (participle, masculine)

[instrumental single from √nay class 1 verb]

√nay -> nayat (participle, neuter)

[instrumental single from √nay class 1 verb]

√nī -> nayat (participle, masculine)

[instrumental single from √nī class 1 verb]

√nī -> nayat (participle, neuter)

[instrumental single from √nī class 1 verb]
saubhāgyam -
saubhāgya (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
etām -
etā (noun, feminine)

[accusative single]

eṣā (noun, feminine)

[accusative single]
daśām -
daśā (noun, feminine)

[accusative single]
Line 2: “paśyaitaddayitākucavyatikaronmṛṣṭāṅgarāgāruṇaṃ vakṣaste malatailapaṅkaśabalairveṇīpadairaṅkitam”
paśyai -
paśya (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

paśya (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

paśyā (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]

√paś -> paśya (participle, masculine)

[vocative single from √paś class 10 verb]

√paś -> paśya (participle, neuter)

[vocative single from √paś class 10 verb]

√paś -> paśyā (participle, feminine)

[nominative single from √paś class 10 verb]

√paś (verb class 10)

[imperative passive first single]
etad -
etad (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

etad (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single]

etad (noun, neuter)

[compound], [nominative single], [accusative single]
dayitā -
dayitā (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]

√day (verb class 1)

[periphrastic-future active third single]
kuca -
kuca (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

√kuc (verb class 6)

[imperative active second single]
vyatikaro -
vyatikara (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

vyatikara (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

vyatikarā (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]
unmṛṣṭā -
unmṛṣṭa (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

unmṛṣṭa (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

unmṛṣṭā (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]
aṅgarāgā -
aṅgarāga (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]
aruṇam -
aruṇa (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

aruṇā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]
vakṣas -
vakṣas (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

vakṣas (noun, neuter)

[compound], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
te -
ta (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

ta (noun, neuter)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]

tā (noun, feminine)

[nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]

tad (noun, neuter)

[nominative dual], [accusative dual]

sa (noun, masculine)

[nominative plural]

sā (noun, feminine)

[nominative dual], [accusative dual]

yuṣmad (pronoun, none)

[dative single], [genitive single]
malatai -
√mal -> malat (participle, masculine)

[instrumental single from √mal class 1 verb]

√mal -> malat (participle, neuter)

[instrumental single from √mal class 1 verb]

√mal (verb class 1)

[imperative active second plural]
aila -
aila (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

aila (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
paṅka -
paṅka (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

paṅka (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
śabalair -
śabala (noun, masculine)

[instrumental plural]

śabala (noun, neuter)

[instrumental plural]
veṇī -
veṇī (noun, feminine)

[compound], [nominative single]

veṇi (noun, feminine)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]

veṇin (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
padair -
pada (noun, neuter)

[instrumental plural]
aṅkitam -
aṅkita (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

aṅkita (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

aṅkitā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]

About the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha

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This quote is included within the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha (महासुभाषितसंग्रह, maha-subhashita-samgraha / subhasita-sangraha), which is a compendium of Sanskrit aphorisms (subhāṣita), collected from various sources. Subhāṣita is a genre of Sanskrit literature, exposing the vast and rich cultural heritage of ancient India.

It has serial number 449 and can be found on page . (read on archive.org)

Sanskrit is the oldest living language and bears testimony to the intellectual past of ancient India. Three major religions (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism) share this language, which is used for many of their holy books. Besides religious manuscripts, much of India’s ancient culture has been preserved in Sanskrit, covering topics such as Architecture, Music, Botany, Surgery, Ethics, Philosophy, Dance and much more.

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Last Updated: 23 April, 2019