Sanskrit quote nr. 433 (Maha-subhashita-samgraha)
Sanskrit text:
अज्ञानं खलु कष्टं क्रोधादिभ्योऽपि सर्वपापेभ्यः ।
अर्थं हितमहितं वा न वेत्ति येनावृतो लोकः ॥ajñānaṃ khalu kaṣṭaṃ krodhādibhyo'pi sarvapāpebhyaḥ |
arthaṃ hitamahitaṃ vā na vetti yenāvṛto lokaḥ ||
Index
Presented above is a Sanskrit aphorism, also known as a subhāṣita, which is at the very least, a literary piece of art. This page provides critical research material such as an anlaysis on the poetic meter used, an English translation, a glossary explaining technical terms, and a list of resources including print editions and digital links.
Glossary of Sanskrit terms
Note: Consider this as an approximate extraction of glossary words based on an experimental segmentation of the Sanskrit verse. Some could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned.
Ajnana (ajñāna, अज्ञान): defined in 12 categories.
Khalu (खलु): defined in 6 categories.
Kashtam (kastam, kaṣṭam, कष्टम्): defined in 3 categories.
Kashta (kasta, kaṣṭa, कष्ट): defined in 13 categories.
Krodha (क्रोध): defined in 18 categories.
Ibhi (ibhī, इभी): defined in 2 categories.
Ibhya (इभ्य): defined in 3 categories.
Api (अपि): defined in 4 categories.
Ap (अप्): defined in 9 categories.
Sarvapa (sarvapā, सर्वपा): defined in 1 categories.
Apa (āpa, आप): defined in 13 categories.
Artha (अर्थ): defined in 23 categories.
Hita (हित): defined in 13 categories.
Ahita (अहित): defined in 8 categories.
Va (व, vā, वा): defined in 11 categories.
Var (vār, वार्): defined in 6 categories.
Na (न): defined in 12 categories.
Yena (येन): defined in 2 categories.
Ya (य): defined in 10 categories.
Yah (yaḥ, यः): defined in 1 categories.
Yat (यत्): defined in 2 categories.
Avrita (avrta, avṛta, अवृत): defined in 7 categories.
Loka (लोक): defined in 22 categories.
Defined according to the following glossaries/dictionaries: Jainism, Sanskrit, Purana (epic history), Yoga (school of philosophy), Ayurveda (science of life), Shaktism (Shakta philosophy), Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy), Dharmashastra (religious law), Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism), Marathi, Hindi, Kannada, Pali, Prakrit, Nepali, Biology (plants and animals), Tamil, Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy), Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology), Buddhism, Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism), Vastushastra (architecture), Shilpashastra (iconography), Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma), Arts (wordly enjoyments), India history, Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar), Vaisheshika (school of philosophy), Theravada (major branch of Buddhism), Hinduism, Mimamsa (school of philosophy), Nyaya (school of philosophy), Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra), Gitashastra (science of music), Kosha (encyclopedic lexicons), Jain philosophy
Analysis of Sanskrit grammar
Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit verse. If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.
- Line 1: “ajñānaṃ khalu kaṣṭaṃ krodhādibhyo'pi sarvapāpebhyaḥ”
- ajñānam -
-
ajñāna (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]ajñāna (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]ajñānā (noun, feminine)[adverb]
- khalu -
-
khalu (indeclinable)[indeclinable]
- kaṣṭam -
-
kaṣṭam (indeclinable)[indeclinable]kaṣṭa (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]kaṣṭa (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]kaṣṭā (noun, feminine)[adverb]√kaṣ -> kaṣṭa (participle, masculine)[accusative single from √kaṣ class 1 verb]√kaṣ -> kaṣṭa (participle, neuter)[nominative single from √kaṣ class 1 verb], [accusative single from √kaṣ class 1 verb]√kaś -> kaṣṭa (participle, masculine)[accusative single from √kaś class 1 verb]√kaś -> kaṣṭa (participle, neuter)[nominative single from √kaś class 1 verb], [accusative single from √kaś class 1 verb]
- krodhād -
-
krodha (noun, masculine)[adverb], [ablative single]krodha (noun, neuter)[adverb], [ablative single]
- ibhyo' -
-
i (noun, masculine)[dative plural], [ablative plural]ibhī (noun, feminine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural]ibhya (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- api -
-
api (indeclinable preposition)[indeclinable preposition]ap (noun, neuter)[locative single]
- sarvapā -
-
sarvapā (noun, feminine)[nominative single]sarvapā (noun, masculine)[instrumental single]
- āpebhyaḥ -
-
āpa (noun, masculine)[dative plural], [ablative plural]āpa (noun, neuter)[dative plural], [ablative plural]
- Line 2: “arthaṃ hitamahitaṃ vā na vetti yenāvṛto lokaḥ”
- artham -
-
artha (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]artha (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
- hitam -
-
hita (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]hita (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]hitā (noun, feminine)[adverb]√hi -> hita (participle, masculine)[accusative single from √hi class 5 verb]√hi -> hita (participle, neuter)[nominative single from √hi class 5 verb], [accusative single from √hi class 5 verb]
- ahitam -
-
ahita (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]ahita (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]ahitā (noun, feminine)[adverb]
- vā* -
-
vār (noun, masculine)[adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single]vār (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]va (noun, masculine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural]vā (noun, feminine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
- na -
-
na (indeclinable particle)[indeclinable particle]na (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]na (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- vetti -
-
√vid (verb class 2)[present active third single]
- yenā -
-
yena (indeclinable)[indeclinable]ya (noun, masculine)[instrumental single]yaḥ (pronoun, masculine)[instrumental single]yat (pronoun, neuter)[instrumental single]
- avṛto* -
-
avṛta (noun, masculine)[nominative single]√vṛt (verb class 1)[aorist active second single]
- lokaḥ -
-
loka (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
About the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha
buy this bookThis quote is included within the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha (महासुभाषितसंग्रह, maha-subhashita-samgraha / subhasita-sangraha), which is a compendium of Sanskrit aphorisms (subhāṣita), collected from various sources. Subhāṣita is a genre of Sanskrit literature, exposing the vast and rich cultural heritage of ancient India.
It has serial number 433 and can be found on page . (read on archive.org)
Sanskrit is the oldest living language and bears testimony to the intellectual past of ancient India. Three major religions (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism) share this language, which is used for many of their holy books. Besides religious manuscripts, much of India’s ancient culture has been preserved in Sanskrit, covering topics such as Architecture, Music, Botany, Surgery, Ethics, Philosophy, Dance and much more.