Sanskrit quote nr. 430 (Maha-subhashita-samgraha)

Sanskrit text:

अज्ञातागममीलिताक्षियुगलं किं त्वं मुधा तिष्ठसि ज्ञातोसि प्रकटप्रकम्पपुलकैरङ्गै स्फुटं मुग्धया ।
मुञ्चैनां जड किं न पश्यसि गलद्बाष्पाम्बुधौ ताननां सख्यैवं गदिते विमुच्य रभसात् कण्ठेवलग्नो युवा ॥

ajñātāgamamīlitākṣiyugalaṃ kiṃ tvaṃ mudhā tiṣṭhasi jñātosi prakaṭaprakampapulakairaṅgai sphuṭaṃ mugdhayā |
muñcaināṃ jaḍa kiṃ na paśyasi galadbāṣpāmbudhau tānanāṃ sakhyaivaṃ gadite vimucya rabhasāt kaṇṭhevalagno yuvā ||

Presented above is a Sanskrit aphorism, also known as a subhāṣita, which is at the very least, a literary piece of art. This page provides critical research material such as an anlaysis on the poetic meter used, an English translation, a glossary explaining technical terms, and a list of resources including print editions and digital links.

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: Consider this as an approximate extraction of glossary words based on an experimental segmentation of the Sanskrit verse. Some could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned.

Ajnata (ajñāta, अज्ञात, ajñātā, अज्ञाता): defined in 7 categories.
Agama (अगम): defined in 21 categories.
Ili (īlī, ईली): defined in 7 categories.
Ta (त, tā, ता): defined in 11 categories.
Tan (तन्): defined in 8 categories.
Akshan (aksan, akṣan, अक्षन्): defined in 2 categories.
Akshi (aksi, akṣi, अक्षि): defined in 12 categories.
Yugala (युगल): defined in 7 categories.
Kim (किम्): defined in 4 categories.
Tva (त्व): defined in 3 categories.
Yushmad (yusmad, yuṣmad, युष्मद्): defined in 3 categories.
Mudha (mudhā, मुधा): defined in 15 categories.
Prakata (prakaṭa, प्रकट): defined in 7 categories.
Prakampa (प्रकम्प): defined in 7 categories.
Pulaka (पुलक): defined in 10 categories.
Sphutam (sphuṭam, स्फुटम्): defined in 1 categories.
Sphuta (sphuṭa, स्फुट): defined in 11 categories.
Mugdha (mugdhā, मुग्धा): defined in 6 categories.
Aina (ऐन): defined in 6 categories.
Jada (jaḍa, जड): defined in 15 categories.
Na (न, nā, ना): defined in 12 categories.
Pash (pas, paś, पश्): defined in 2 categories.
Pashya (pasya, paśya, पश्य): defined in 5 categories.
Asi (asī, असी): defined in 16 categories.
Tana (tāna, तान): defined in 16 categories.
Evam (एवम्): defined in 8 categories.
Eva (एव): defined in 6 categories.
Gadita (गदित, gaditā, गदिता): defined in 4 categories.
Rabhasat (rabhasāt, रभसात्): defined in 1 categories.
Rabhasa (रभस): defined in 6 categories.
Lagna (लग्न): defined in 9 categories.
Yu (yū, यू): defined in 6 categories.
Yuva (yuvā, युवा): defined in 10 categories.
Yuvan (युवन्): defined in 6 categories.

Defined according to the following glossaries/dictionaries: Jainism, Sanskrit, Purana (epic history), India history, Marathi, Hindi, Kannada, Buddhism, Hinduism, Pali, Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma), Yoga (school of philosophy), Ayurveda (science of life), Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar), Shaktism (Shakta philosophy), Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy), Nyaya (school of philosophy), Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism), Nirukta (Sanskrit etymology), Prakrit, Jain philosophy, Dhanurveda (science of warfare), Biology (plants and animals), Tamil, Theravada (major branch of Buddhism), Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology), Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra), Vedanta (school of philosophy), Kavya (poetry), Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy), Nepali, Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism), Dharmashastra (religious law), Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa), Gitashastra (science of music), Arts (wordly enjoyments), Mantrashastra (the science of Mantras), Vastushastra (architecture)

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit verse. If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

Line 1: “ajñātāgamamīlitākṣiyugalaṃ kiṃ tvaṃ mudhā tiṣṭhasi jñātosi prakaṭaprakampapulakairaṅgai sphuṭaṃ mugdhayā”
ajñātā -
ajñāta (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

ajñāta (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

ajñātā (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]

√jñā (verb class 3)

[aorist active second plural]

√jñā (verb class 9)

[aorist active second plural]
agamam -
agama (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

agama (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

agamā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]

√gam (verb class 1)

[aorist active first single]

√gam (verb class 2)

[imperfect active first single], [aorist active first single]

√gam (verb class 3)

[aorist active first single]
īli -
īli (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb]

īlī (noun, feminine)

[adverb], [vocative single]
tā -
ta (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

ta (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

tan (noun, masculine)

[compound], [nominative single]

tā (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]
akṣi -
akṣan (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

akṣi (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
yugalam -
yugala (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
kim -
kim (indeclinable interrogative)

[indeclinable interrogative]

kim (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

kim (pronoun, neuter)

[nominative single], [accusative single]
tvam -
tva (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

tva (noun, masculine)

[accusative single]

yuṣmad (pronoun, none)

[nominative single]
mudhā -
mudhā (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]
tiṣṭhasi -
√sthā (verb class 1)

[present active second single]
jñāto -
si -
si (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb]
prakaṭa -
prakaṭa (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

prakaṭa (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
prakampa -
prakampa (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

prakampa (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
pulakair -
pulaka (noun, masculine)

[instrumental plural]

pulaka (noun, neuter)

[instrumental plural]
aṅgai -
sphuṭam -
sphuṭam (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

sphuṭa (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

sphuṭa (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

sphuṭā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]
mugdhayā -
mugdhā (noun, feminine)

[instrumental single]

√muh -> mugdhā (participle, feminine)

[instrumental single from √muh class 4 verb]
Line 2: “muñcaināṃ jaḍa kiṃ na paśyasi galadbāṣpāmbudhau tānanāṃ sakhyaivaṃ gadite vimucya rabhasāt kaṇṭhevalagno yuvā”
muñcai -
√muc (verb class 6)

[imperative active second single], [imperative middle first single]

√muñc (verb class 1)

[imperative active second single], [imperative middle first single]
ainā -
aina (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]
am -
a (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

ā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]

e (noun, masculine)

[accusative single]
jaḍa -
jaḍa (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

jaḍa (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
kim -
kim (indeclinable interrogative)

[indeclinable interrogative]

kim (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

kim (pronoun, neuter)

[nominative single], [accusative single]
na -
na (indeclinable particle)

[indeclinable particle]

na (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

na (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
paśya -
paśya (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

paśya (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

paś (noun, feminine)

[locative single]

√paś -> paśya (participle, masculine)

[vocative single from √paś class 10 verb]

√paś -> paśya (participle, neuter)

[vocative single from √paś class 10 verb]
asi -
asi (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb]

asi (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb]

asī (noun, feminine)

[adverb], [vocative single]

√as (verb class 2)

[present active second single]
Cannot analyse galadbāṣpāmbudhau*tā
tāna -
tāna (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]
nām -
nā (noun, feminine)

[accusative single]
sakhyai -
sakhya (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

sakhi (noun, masculine)

[instrumental single]

sakhī (noun, feminine)

[instrumental single], [dative single]
evam -
evam (indeclinable adverb)

[indeclinable adverb]

evam (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

eva (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

eva (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

evā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]
gadite -
gadita (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

gadita (noun, neuter)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]

gaditā (noun, feminine)

[nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]

√gad -> gadita (participle, masculine)

[locative single from √gad]

√gad -> gadita (participle, neuter)

[nominative dual from √gad], [vocative dual from √gad], [accusative dual from √gad], [locative single from √gad]

√gad -> gaditā (participle, feminine)

[nominative dual from √gad], [vocative single from √gad], [vocative dual from √gad], [accusative dual from √gad]
vimucya -
rabhasāt -
rabhasāt (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

rabhasa (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [ablative single]

rabhasa (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [ablative single]
kaṇṭheva -
√kaṇṭh (verb class 1)

[optative active first dual]
lagno* -
lagna (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]

√lag -> lagna (participle, masculine)

[nominative single from √lag class 1 verb]
yuvā -
yū (noun, masculine)

[instrumental single]

yuvā (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]

yuvan (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]

About the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha

buy this book

This quote is included within the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha (महासुभाषितसंग्रह, maha-subhashita-samgraha / subhasita-sangraha), which is a compendium of Sanskrit aphorisms (subhāṣita), collected from various sources. Subhāṣita is a genre of Sanskrit literature, exposing the vast and rich cultural heritage of ancient India.

It has serial number 430 and can be found on page . (read on archive.org)

Sanskrit is the oldest living language and bears testimony to the intellectual past of ancient India. Three major religions (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism) share this language, which is used for many of their holy books. Besides religious manuscripts, much of India’s ancient culture has been preserved in Sanskrit, covering topics such as Architecture, Music, Botany, Surgery, Ethics, Philosophy, Dance and much more.

< Back to list with quotes

Last Updated: 23 April, 2019