Sanskrit quote nr. 397 (Maha-subhashita-samgraha)

Sanskrit text:

अजायन्तैतस्मादमृतशशिलक्ष्मीप्रभृतयः परित्राताश्चेन्द्रात् कुलशिखरिणः पूर्वयमुना ।
उपेता इत्येवं तव जलनिधे तीरमधुना विगर्जाभिः किं नः श्रुतिपुटमहो जर्जरयसि ॥

ajāyantaitasmādamṛtaśaśilakṣmīprabhṛtayaḥ paritrātāścendrāt kulaśikhariṇaḥ pūrvayamunā |
upetā ityevaṃ tava jalanidhe tīramadhunā vigarjābhiḥ kiṃ naḥ śrutipuṭamaho jarjarayasi ||

Presented above is a Sanskrit aphorism, also known as a subhāṣita, which is at the very least, a literary piece of art. This page provides critical research material such as an anlaysis on the poetic meter used, an English translation, a glossary explaining technical terms, and a list of resources including print editions and digital links.

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: Consider this as an approximate extraction of glossary words based on an experimental segmentation of the Sanskrit verse. Some could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned.

Etad (एतद्): defined in 2 categories.
Amrita (amrta, amṛta, अमृत): defined in 20 categories.
Shashi (sasi, śaśī, शशी): defined in 15 categories.
Lakshmi (laksmi, lakṣmī, लक्ष्मी): defined in 20 categories.
Prabhriti (prabhrti, prabhṛti, प्रभृति): defined in 8 categories.
Paritrata (paritrāta, परित्रात, paritrātā, परित्राता): defined in 2 categories.
Ca (च, cā, चा): defined in 9 categories.
Indra (इन्द्र): defined in 22 categories.
Kulashikharin (kulasikharin, kulaśikharin, कुलशिखरिन्): defined in 1 categories.
Purvaya (pūrvaya, पूर्वय): defined in 1 categories.
Upeta (उपेत, upetā, उपेता): defined in 9 categories.
Iti (इति): defined in 6 categories.
Itya (इत्य, ityā, इत्या): defined in 1 categories.
Evam (एवम्): defined in 8 categories.
Eva (एव): defined in 6 categories.
Yushmad (yusmad, yuṣmad, युष्मद्): defined in 3 categories.
Jalanidhi (जलनिधि): defined in 6 categories.
Tira (tīra, तीर): defined in 8 categories.
Vigarja (vigarjā, विगर्जा): defined in 1 categories.
Kim (किम्): defined in 4 categories.
Na (न): defined in 12 categories.
Asmad (अस्मद्): defined in 2 categories.
Shrutin (srutin, śrutin, श्रुतिन्): defined in 1 categories.
Puta (puṭa, पुट): defined in 17 categories.
Jarjara (जर्जर): defined in 8 categories.
Asi (asī, असी): defined in 16 categories.

Defined according to the following glossaries/dictionaries: Sanskrit, Pali, Hinduism, Jainism, Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism), Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma), Purana (epic history), Ayurveda (science of life), Vedanta (school of philosophy), Shaktism (Shakta philosophy), Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy), Dharmashastra (religious law), Rasashastra (chemistry and alchemy), Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa), Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism), Nirukta (Sanskrit etymology), Marathi, Chandas (prosody, study of Sanskrit metres), Hindi, Kannada, Biology (plants and animals), Vastushastra (architecture), Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology), Prakrit, Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra), Tamil, Shilpashastra (iconography), Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy), Kavya (poetry), Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar), India history, Nepali, Buddhism, Theravada (major branch of Buddhism), Dhanurveda (science of warfare)

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit verse. If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

Line 1: “ajāyantaitasmādamṛtaśaśilakṣmīprabhṛtayaḥ paritrātāścendrāt kulaśikhariṇaḥ pūrvayamunā”
ajāyantai -
√jai (verb class 1)

[imperfect middle third plural]

√jan (verb class 4)

[imperfect middle third plural]
etasmād -
etad (noun, neuter)

[ablative single]

eṣa (noun, masculine)

[ablative single]
amṛta -
amṛta (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

amṛta (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

√mṛ (verb class 1)

[aorist middle third single]

√mṛ (verb class 6)

[aorist middle third single]
śaśi -
śaśī (noun, feminine)

[adverb], [vocative single]

śaśin (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb]
lakṣmī -
lakṣmī (noun, feminine)

[compound], [nominative single]
prabhṛtayaḥ -
prabhṛti (noun, feminine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural]
paritrātāś -
paritrāta (noun, masculine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural]

paritrātā (noun, feminine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
ce -
ca (indeclinable conjunction)

[indeclinable conjunction]

ca (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single], [locative single]

ca (noun, neuter)

[compound], [nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]

cā (noun, feminine)

[nominative single], [nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
indrāt -
indra (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [ablative single]
kulaśikhariṇaḥ -
kulaśikharin (noun, masculine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural], [ablative single], [genitive single]
pūrvayam -
pūrvaya (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

pūrvaya (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

pūrvayā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]
unā -
u (noun, masculine)

[instrumental single]

ū (noun, neuter)

[instrumental single]
Line 2: “upetā ityevaṃ tava jalanidhe tīramadhunā vigarjābhiḥ kiṃ naḥ śrutipuṭamaho jarjarayasi”
upetā* -
upeta (noun, masculine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural]

upetā (noun, feminine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
itye -
iti (indeclinable particle)

[indeclinable particle]

iti (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]

itya (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

itya (noun, neuter)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]

ityā (noun, feminine)

[nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]

√i -> itya (participle, masculine)

[locative single from √i class 2 verb]

√i -> itya (participle, neuter)

[nominative dual from √i class 2 verb], [vocative dual from √i class 2 verb], [accusative dual from √i class 2 verb], [locative single from √i class 2 verb]

√i -> ityā (participle, feminine)

[nominative dual from √i class 2 verb], [vocative single from √i class 2 verb], [vocative dual from √i class 2 verb], [accusative dual from √i class 2 verb]
evam -
evam (indeclinable adverb)

[indeclinable adverb]

evam (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

eva (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

eva (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

evā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]
tava -
yuṣmad (pronoun, none)

[genitive single]
jalanidhe -
jalanidhi (noun, masculine)

[vocative single]
tīram -
tīra (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

tīra (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
adhunā* -
√dhū (verb class 9)

[imperfect active second single]
vigarjābhiḥ -
vigarjā (noun, feminine)

[instrumental plural]
kim -
kim (indeclinable interrogative)

[indeclinable interrogative]

kim (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

kim (pronoun, neuter)

[nominative single], [accusative single]
naḥ -
na (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]

asmad (pronoun, none)

[accusative plural], [dative plural], [genitive plural]
śruti -
śruti (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb]

śrutin (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb]

śrutin (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]

śrut (noun, feminine)

[locative single]

śrut (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

śrut (noun, neuter)

[locative single]
puṭam -
puṭa (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

puṭa (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
aho* -
ahan (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]

ahar (noun, neuter)

[adverb]

√has (verb class 1)

[aorist active second single]
jarjara -
jarjara (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

jarjara (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
ya -
i (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]

ī (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb]

ī (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb]

e (noun, masculine)

[adverb]
asi -
asi (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb]

asi (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb]

asī (noun, feminine)

[adverb], [vocative single]

√as (verb class 2)

[present active second single]

About the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha

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This quote is included within the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha (महासुभाषितसंग्रह, maha-subhashita-samgraha / subhasita-sangraha), which is a compendium of Sanskrit aphorisms (subhāṣita), collected from various sources. Subhāṣita is a genre of Sanskrit literature, exposing the vast and rich cultural heritage of ancient India.

It has serial number 397 and can be found on page . (read on archive.org)

Sanskrit is the oldest living language and bears testimony to the intellectual past of ancient India. Three major religions (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism) share this language, which is used for many of their holy books. Besides religious manuscripts, much of India’s ancient culture has been preserved in Sanskrit, covering topics such as Architecture, Music, Botany, Surgery, Ethics, Philosophy, Dance and much more.

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Last Updated: 23 April, 2019