Sanskrit quote nr. 39 (Maha-subhashita-samgraha)

Sanskrit text:

अकस्मादेकस्मिन् पथि सखि मया यामुनतटं व्रजन्त्या दृष्टोऽयं नवजलधरश्यामलतनुः ।
स दृग्भङ्ग्या किं वाकुरुत न हि जाने तत इदं मनो मे व्यालोलं क्वचन गृहकृत्ये न लगते ॥

akasmādekasmin pathi sakhi mayā yāmunataṭaṃ vrajantyā dṛṣṭo'yaṃ navajaladharaśyāmalatanuḥ |
sa dṛgbhaṅgyā kiṃ vākuruta na hi jāne tata idaṃ mano me vyālolaṃ kvacana gṛhakṛtye na lagate ||

Presented above is a Sanskrit aphorism, also known as a subhāṣita, which is at the very least, a literary piece of art. This page provides critical research material such as an anlaysis on the poetic meter used, an English translation, a glossary explaining technical terms, and a list of resources including print editions and digital links.

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: Consider this as an approximate extraction of glossary words based on an experimental segmentation of the Sanskrit verse. Some could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned.

Akasmat (akasmāt, अकस्मात्): defined in 6 categories.
Eka (एक): defined in 16 categories.
Pathin (पथिन्): defined in 12 categories.
Maya (मय, mayā, मया): defined in 29 categories.
Yamuna (yāmuna, यामुन): defined in 17 categories.
Tata (taṭa, तट): defined in 18 categories.
Drishta (drsta, dṛṣṭa, दृष्ट): defined in 13 categories.
Aya (अय): defined in 14 categories.
Idam (इदम्): defined in 3 categories.
Navaja (नवज): defined in 1 categories.
La (ल): defined in 10 categories.
Dhara (धर): defined in 18 categories.
Shyamala (syamala, śyāmala, श्यामल): defined in 9 categories.
Tanu (तनु): defined in 16 categories.
Tanus (तनुस्): defined in 2 categories.
Drish (drs, dṛś, दृश्): defined in 4 categories.
Bhangya (bhaṅgyā, भङ्ग्या): defined in 3 categories.
Bhangi (bhaṅgi, भङ्गि, bhaṅgī, भङ्गी): defined in 10 categories.
Kim (किम्): defined in 4 categories.
Vac (vāc, वाच्): defined in 12 categories.
Uru (उरु): defined in 16 categories.
Ta (त): defined in 11 categories.
Na (न): defined in 12 categories.
Hi (हि): defined in 7 categories.
Jana (jāna, जान): defined in 14 categories.
Jani (jāni, जानि): defined in 12 categories.
Tad (तद्): defined in 4 categories.
Mana (मन): defined in 24 categories.
Manas (मनस्): defined in 18 categories.
Ma (म, mā, मा): defined in 10 categories.
Asmad (अस्मद्): defined in 2 categories.
Vyalola (vyālola, व्यालोल): defined in 2 categories.
Kva (क्व): defined in 2 categories.
Cana (चन): defined in 8 categories.
Grihakritya (grhakrtya, gṛhakṛtya, गृहकृत्य): defined in 3 categories.
Lagat (लगत्): defined in 2 categories.

Defined according to the following glossaries/dictionaries: Sanskrit, Purana (epic history), Marathi, Hindi, Kannada, Tamil, Buddhism, Jainism, Pali, Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma), Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar), Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy), Dharmashastra (religious law), Samkhya (school of philosophy), Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism), Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra), Biology (plants and animals), Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism), Ayurveda (science of life), Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology), India history, Hinduism, Sikhism, Vastushastra (architecture), Shilpashastra (iconography), Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy), Kavya (poetry), Vedanta (school of philosophy), Shaktism (Shakta philosophy), Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa), Theravada (major branch of Buddhism), Chandas (prosody, study of Sanskrit metres), Prakrit, Kavyashastra (science of poetry), Kosha (encyclopedic lexicons), Gitashastra (science of music), Yoga (school of philosophy), Nepali, Rasashastra (chemistry and alchemy), Arts (wordly enjoyments), Vaisheshika (school of philosophy), Nyaya (school of philosophy)

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit verse. If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

Line 1: “akasmādekasmin pathi sakhi mayā yāmunataṭaṃ vrajantyā dṛṣṭo'yaṃ navajaladharaśyāmalatanuḥ”
akasmād -
akasmāt (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]
ekasmin -
eka (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

eka (noun, neuter)

[locative single]
pathi -
pathin (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb], [locative single]
sakhi -
sakhi (noun, masculine)

[adverb]

sakhī (noun, feminine)

[adverb], [vocative single]
mayā* -
maya (noun, masculine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural]

mayā (noun, feminine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
yāmuna -
yāmuna (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

yāmuna (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
taṭam -
taṭa (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]
vrajantyā* -
√vraj -> vrajantī (participle, feminine)

[ablative single from √vraj class 1 verb], [genitive single from √vraj class 1 verb]
dṛṣṭo' -
dṛṣṭa (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]

√dṛś -> dṛṣṭa (participle, masculine)

[nominative single from √dṛś class 1 verb]
ayam -
aya (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

idam (pronoun, masculine)

[nominative single]
navaja -
navaja (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

navaja (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
la -
la (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]
dhara -
dhara (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

dhara (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

√dhṛ (verb class 1)

[imperative active second single]
śyāmala -
śyāmala (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

śyāmala (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
tanuḥ -
tanus (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single]

tanus (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]

tanu (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
Line 2: “sa dṛgbhaṅgyā kiṃ vākuruta na hi jāne tata idaṃ mano me vyālolaṃ kvacana gṛhakṛtye na lagate”
sa -
sa (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

sa (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
dṛg -
dṛś (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single]

dṛś (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single]
bhaṅgyā -
bhaṅgyā (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

bhaṅgi (noun, feminine)

[instrumental single]

bhaṅgī (noun, feminine)

[instrumental single]

bhaṅgyā (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]
kim -
kim (indeclinable interrogative)

[indeclinable interrogative]

kim (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

kim (pronoun, neuter)

[nominative single], [accusative single]
vāk -
vāc (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single]
uru -
uru (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

uru (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb]

uru (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
ta -
ta (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

ta (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

tan (noun, masculine)

[compound]
na -
na (indeclinable particle)

[indeclinable particle]

na (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

na (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
hi -
hi (indeclinable particle)

[indeclinable particle]
jāne -
jāna (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

jāna (noun, neuter)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]

jāni (noun, masculine)

[vocative single]

jāni (noun, feminine)

[vocative single]

√jñā (verb class 9)

[present middle first single]
tata* -
tataḥ (indeclinable adverb)

[indeclinable adverb]

tataḥ (indeclinable correlative)

[indeclinable correlative]

tataḥ (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

tad (noun, neuter)

[ablative single], [ablative dual], [ablative plural]

tata (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]

√tan -> tata (participle, masculine)

[nominative single from √tan class 8 verb]

sa (noun, masculine)

[ablative single], [ablative dual], [ablative plural]

sā (noun, feminine)

[ablative single], [ablative dual], [ablative plural]
idam -
idam (pronoun, neuter)

[nominative single], [accusative single]
mano* -
manas (noun, neuter)

[compound], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]

mana (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
me -
ma (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

ma (noun, neuter)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]

mā (noun, feminine)

[nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]

asmad (pronoun, none)

[dative single], [genitive single]
vyālolam -
vyālola (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

vyālola (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

vyālolā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]
kva -
kva (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]
cana -
cana (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

√can (verb class 1)

[imperative active second single]
gṛhakṛtye -
gṛhakṛtya (noun, neuter)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]
na -
na (indeclinable particle)

[indeclinable particle]

na (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

na (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
lagate -
√lag -> lagat (participle, masculine)

[dative single from √lag class 1 verb]

√lag -> lagat (participle, neuter)

[dative single from √lag class 1 verb]

About the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha

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This quote is included within the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha (महासुभाषितसंग्रह, maha-subhashita-samgraha / subhasita-sangraha), which is a compendium of Sanskrit aphorisms (subhāṣita), collected from various sources. Subhāṣita is a genre of Sanskrit literature, exposing the vast and rich cultural heritage of ancient India.

It has serial number 39 and can be found on page . (read on archive.org)

Sanskrit is the oldest living language and bears testimony to the intellectual past of ancient India. Three major religions (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism) share this language, which is used for many of their holy books. Besides religious manuscripts, much of India’s ancient culture has been preserved in Sanskrit, covering topics such as Architecture, Music, Botany, Surgery, Ethics, Philosophy, Dance and much more.

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Last Updated: 20 April, 2019