Sanskrit quote nr. 34 (Maha-subhashita-samgraha)
Sanskrit text:
अकलिलतपस्तेजोवीर्यप्रथिम्नि यशोनिधाववितथमदध्माते रोषान्मुनावभिधावति ।
अभिनवधनुर्विद्यादर्पक्षमाय च कर्मणे स्फुरति रभसात् पाणिः पादोपसंग्रहणाय च ॥akalilatapastejovīryaprathimni yaśonidhāvavitathamadadhmāte roṣānmunāvabhidhāvati |
abhinavadhanurvidyādarpakṣamāya ca karmaṇe sphurati rabhasāt pāṇiḥ pādopasaṃgrahaṇāya ca ||⏑⏑⏑¦⏑⏑⎼¦⎼⎼⎼¦⎼⏑⎼¦⏑⏑⎼¦⏑⎼¦¦⏑⏑⏑¦⏑⏑⎼¦⎼⎼⎼¦⎼⏑⎼¦⏑⏑⎼¦⏑⎼¦¦
⏑⏑⏑¦⏑⏑⎼¦⎼⎼⎼¦⎼⏑⎼¦⏑⏑⎼¦⏑⎼¦¦⏑⏑⏑¦⏑⏑⎼¦⎼⎼⎼¦⎼⏑⎼¦⏑⏑⎼¦⏑⎼¦¦
Meter name: Hariṇī (or Vṛṣabhaceṣṭita); Type: Akṣaracchanda (sama); 17 syllables per quarter (pāda); Caesurae after the sixth and tenth syllables.
Primary English translation:
“When the saint, the greatness of whose penance, splendour, and prowess cannot be told, and who is a treasury of penance, incited with not undue pride attacks me in anger, then my hand with excitement throbs for the act of worthy of the pride which arises from recent instruction in the bow, and also to embrace his feet.”
(translation by J. Pickford; notes: Speaker in this scene is Rāma)
Secondary translations:
“On the arrival of this sage, who is endowed with greatness due to illimitable ascetic virtue, and is the receptacle of fame, puffed with real haughtiness—my arms suddenly throb for such action as would be in keeping with the efficiency newly acquired in the science of archery, and also for clasping his feet.”
(translation by Gaṅgānātha Jhā)
Index
- Introduction
- Glossary of terms
- Analysis of Sanskrit grammar
- Sources
- Authorship
- About the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha
Presented above is a Sanskrit aphorism, also known as a subhāṣita, which is at the very least, a literary piece of art. This page provides critical research material such as an anlaysis on the poetic meter used, an English translation, a glossary explaining technical terms, and a list of resources including print editions and digital links.
Glossary of Sanskrit terms
Note: Consider this as an approximate extraction of glossary words based on an experimental segmentation of the Sanskrit verse. Some could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned.
Akali (अकलि): defined in 6 categories.
La (ल): defined in 10 categories.
Tap (तप्): defined in 4 categories.
Tapa (तप): defined in 13 categories.
Tapas (तपस्): defined in 11 categories.
Teja (तेज): defined in 11 categories.
Tejas (तेजस्): defined in 16 categories.
Virya (vīrya, वीर्य): defined in 15 categories.
Prathiman (प्रथिमन्): defined in 1 categories.
Yashonidhi (yasonidhi, yaśonidhi, यशोनिधि): defined in 2 categories.
Avitatham (अवितथम्): defined in 1 categories.
Avitatha (अवितथ): defined in 6 categories.
Muni (मुनि): defined in 18 categories.
Abhidha (abhidhā, अभिधा): defined in 7 categories.
Avat (अवत्): defined in 2 categories.
Abhinava (अभिनव): defined in 9 categories.
Dhanurvidya (dhanurvidyā, धनुर्विद्या): defined in 4 categories.
Darpa (दर्प): defined in 9 categories.
Kshama (ksama, kṣama, क्षम): defined in 14 categories.
Ca (च): defined in 8 categories.
Karmani (karmaṇi, कर्मणि): defined in 5 categories.
Sphurat (स्फुरत्): defined in 6 categories.
Rabhasat (rabhasāt, रभसात्): defined in 1 categories.
Rabhasa (रभस): defined in 6 categories.
Pani (pāṇi, पाणि): defined in 17 categories.
Pada (pāda, पाद): defined in 28 categories.
Padu (pādu, पादु): defined in 5 categories.
Defined according to the following glossaries/dictionaries: Sanskrit, Marathi, Hindi, Kannada, Biology (plants and animals), Tamil, Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism), Purana (epic history), Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar), Chandas (prosody, study of Sanskrit metres), Jainism, Pali, Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma), Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy), Yoga (school of philosophy), Ayurveda (science of life), Nepali, Hinduism, Shaktism (Shakta philosophy), Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy), Theravada (major branch of Buddhism), Jain philosophy, Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism), Prakrit, Buddhism, Kavya (poetry), Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology), Rasashastra (chemistry and alchemy), Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa), Vaisheshika (school of philosophy), India history, Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra), Kavyashastra (science of poetry), Dharmashastra (religious law), Vastushastra (architecture), Shilpashastra (iconography), Mantrashastra (the science of Mantras), Arts (wordly enjoyments)
Analysis of Sanskrit grammar
Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit verse. If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.
- Line 1: “akalilatapastejovīryaprathimni yaśonidhāvavitathamadadhmāte roṣānmunāvabhidhāvati”
- akali -
-
akali (noun, masculine)[compound], [adverb]akali (noun, neuter)[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]akali (noun, feminine)[compound], [adverb]
- la -
-
la (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]
- tapas -
-
tapas (noun, neuter)[compound], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]tap (noun, masculine)[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural], [ablative single], [genitive single]tap (noun, neuter)[ablative single], [genitive single]tapa (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- tejo -
-
tejas (noun, neuter)[compound], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]teja (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- vīrya -
-
vīrya (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]√vīr -> vīrya (absolutive)[absolutive from √vīr]√vīr -> vīrya (participle, masculine)[vocative single from √vīr class 10 verb]√vīr -> vīrya (participle, neuter)[vocative single from √vīr class 10 verb]
- prathimni -
-
prathiman (noun, masculine)[locative single]
- yaśonidhāva -
-
yaśonidhi (noun, masculine)[locative single]yaśonidhi (noun, feminine)[locative single]
- avitatham -
-
avitatham (indeclinable)[indeclinable]avitatha (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]avitatha (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]avitathā (noun, feminine)[adverb]
- adadhmā -
-
√dhā (verb class 3)[imperfect active first plural]
- ate -
-
- roṣān -
-
roṣa (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative plural], [ablative single]
- munāva -
-
muni (noun, masculine)[locative single]
- abhidhā -
-
abhidhā (noun, feminine)[nominative single]
- avati -
-
avat (noun, masculine)[locative single]avat (noun, neuter)[locative single]√u -> avat (participle, masculine)[locative single from √u class 1 verb]√u -> avat (participle, neuter)[locative single from √u class 1 verb]√av (verb class 1)[present active third single]√u (verb class 1)[present active third single]
- Line 2: “abhinavadhanurvidyādarpakṣamāya ca karmaṇe sphurati rabhasāt pāṇiḥ pādopasaṃgrahaṇāya ca”
- abhinava -
-
abhinava (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]abhinava (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- dhanurvidyā -
-
dhanurvidyā (noun, feminine)[nominative single]
- darpa -
-
darpa (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]
- kṣamāya -
-
kṣama (noun, masculine)[dative single]kṣama (noun, neuter)[dative single]
- ca -
-
ca (indeclinable conjunction)[indeclinable conjunction]ca (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]ca (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- karmaṇe -
-
karmaṇi (noun, masculine)[vocative single]karmaṇi (noun, feminine)[vocative single]karman (noun, neuter)[dative single]
- sphurati -
-
sphurat (noun, masculine)[locative single]sphurat (noun, neuter)[locative single]√sphur -> sphurat (participle, masculine)[locative single from √sphur class 6 verb]√sphur -> sphurat (participle, neuter)[locative single from √sphur class 6 verb]√sphur (verb class 6)[present active third single]
- rabhasāt -
-
rabhasāt (indeclinable)[indeclinable]rabhasa (noun, masculine)[adverb], [ablative single]rabhasa (noun, neuter)[adverb], [ablative single]
- pāṇiḥ -
-
pāṇi (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- pādo -
-
pāda (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]pādu (noun, masculine)[vocative single]
- upasaṅgrahaṇāya -
-
upasaṅgrahaṇa (noun, neuter)[dative single]
- ca -
-
ca (indeclinable conjunction)[indeclinable conjunction]ca (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]ca (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
Sources
This quote is contained within the following Sanskrit literary sources:
Mahāvīracarita 2.30: Literally “the exploits of the great hero”. The story revolves around Rāma, the hero of the Rāmāyaṇa, who is venerated as a deity. The play consists fo seven acts and the introduction represents a scene where sage Viśvāmitra ask Rāma and Lakṣmaṇa to guard his sacrifice. The book was written by Bhavabhūti.
More info
Kāvyaprakāśa 7.251: Literally “Light of Poetry”. This work is a famous exposition of the conventional definition of Sanskrit Poetry, also termed kāvya-śāstra (‘science of poetry’). According to tradition, part of the text was said to originally have been composed by Bharata, the legendary author of the nāṭya-śāstra (‘dramaturgy’). The book was written by Mammaṭa in the 11th century.
More info
About the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha
buy this bookThis quote is included within the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha (महासुभाषितसंग्रह, maha-subhashita-samgraha / subhasita-sangraha), which is a compendium of Sanskrit aphorisms (subhāṣita), collected from various sources. Subhāṣita is a genre of Sanskrit literature, exposing the vast and rich cultural heritage of ancient India.
It has serial number 34 and can be found on page 7. (read on archive.org)
Sanskrit is the oldest living language and bears testimony to the intellectual past of ancient India. Three major religions (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism) share this language, which is used for many of their holy books. Besides religious manuscripts, much of India’s ancient culture has been preserved in Sanskrit, covering topics such as Architecture, Music, Botany, Surgery, Ethics, Philosophy, Dance and much more.