Sanskrit quote nr. 32 (Maha-subhashita-samgraha)
Sanskrit text:
अकलितनिजपररूपः स्वकमपि दोषं परस्थितं वेत्ति ।
नावास्थितस्तटस्थान् अचलानपि विचलितान् मनुते ॥akalitanijapararūpaḥ svakamapi doṣaṃ parasthitaṃ vetti |
nāvāsthitastaṭasthān acalānapi vicalitān manute ||
Meter name: Āryā; Type: Mātrācchanda; 19 syllables per quarter (pāda).
Primary English translation:
“Not judging rightly between himself and others, he sees his own vice in his neighbour’s heart. Though they upon the bank are motionless, a man aboard a riverboat supposes, that it is they who move.”
(translation by D. H. H. Ingall)
Index
- Introduction
- Glossary of terms
- Analysis of Sanskrit grammar
- Sources
- Authorship
- About the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha
Presented above is a Sanskrit aphorism, also known as a subhāṣita, which is at the very least, a literary piece of art. This page provides critical research material such as an anlaysis on the poetic meter used, an English translation, a glossary explaining technical terms, and a list of resources including print editions and digital links.
Glossary of Sanskrit terms
Note: Consider this as an approximate extraction of glossary words based on an experimental segmentation of the Sanskrit verse. Some could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned.
Akalita (अकलित): defined in 3 categories.
Nija (निज): defined in 10 categories.
Pararu (पररु): defined in 2 categories.
Pa (प): defined in 12 categories.
Svaka (स्वक): defined in 4 categories.
Api (अपि): defined in 4 categories.
Ap (अप्): defined in 9 categories.
Dosha (dosa, doṣa, दोष): defined in 21 categories.
Para (पर): defined in 20 categories.
Sthita (स्थित): defined in 16 categories.
Nava (nāva, नाव, nāvā, नावा): defined in 16 categories.
Nau (नौ): defined in 12 categories.
Asthita (अस्थित): defined in 6 categories.
Tatastha (taṭastha, तटस्थ): defined in 4 categories.
Acala (अचल): defined in 20 categories.
Vicalita (विचलित): defined in 4 categories.
Defined according to the following glossaries/dictionaries: Sanskrit, Marathi, Kannada, Jainism, Pali, Vastushastra (architecture), Purana (epic history), Yoga (school of philosophy), Ayurveda (science of life), Hindi, Biology (plants and animals), Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar), India history, Prakrit, Tamil, Nepali, Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism), Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology), Vaisheshika (school of philosophy), Hinduism, Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism), Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy), Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy), Nyaya (school of philosophy), Theravada (major branch of Buddhism), Buddhist philosophy, Jain philosophy, Kavyashastra (science of poetry), Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma), Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa), Mantrashastra (the science of Mantras), Shaktism (Shakta philosophy), Buddhism, Shilpashastra (iconography), Chandas (prosody, study of Sanskrit metres), Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra)
Analysis of Sanskrit grammar
Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit verse. If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.
- Line 1: “akalitanijapararūpaḥ svakamapi doṣaṃ parasthitaṃ vetti”
- akalita -
-
akalita (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]akalita (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- nija -
-
nija (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]nija (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]
- pararū -
-
pararu (noun, masculine)[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
- paḥ -
-
pa (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- svakam -
-
svaka (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]svaka (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]svakā (noun, feminine)[adverb]
- api -
-
api (indeclinable preposition)[indeclinable preposition]ap (noun, neuter)[locative single]
- doṣam -
-
doṣa (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]doṣā (noun, feminine)[adverb]
- para -
-
para (noun, neuter)[compound], [vocative single]para (noun, masculine)[vocative single]
- sthitam -
-
sthita (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative single]sthita (noun, neuter)[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]sthitā (noun, feminine)[adverb]√sthā -> sthita (participle, masculine)[accusative single from √sthā class 1 verb]√sthā -> sthita (participle, neuter)[nominative single from √sthā class 1 verb], [accusative single from √sthā class 1 verb]
- vetti -
-
√vid (verb class 2)[present active third single]
- Line 2: “nāvāsthitastaṭasthān acalānapi vicalitān manute”
- nāvā -
-
nāva (noun, masculine)[compound], [vocative single]nāvā (noun, feminine)[nominative single]nau (noun, feminine)[instrumental single]
- asthitas -
-
asthita (noun, masculine)[nominative single]
- taṭasthān -
-
taṭastha (noun, masculine)[accusative plural]
- acalān -
-
acala (noun, masculine)[accusative plural]
- api -
-
api (indeclinable preposition)[indeclinable preposition]ap (noun, neuter)[locative single]
- vicalitān -
-
vicalita (noun, masculine)[adverb], [accusative plural], [ablative single]vicalita (noun, neuter)[adverb], [ablative single]
- manute -
-
√man (verb class 8)[present middle third single]
Sources
This quote is contained within the following Sanskrit literary sources:
Subhāṣitaratnakośa 1283: Contains Sanskrit aphorisms on the subject of court poetry. Supposedly, contents were drawn from a large library housed in the monastery of Jagaddala. The book was compiled by Vidyākara in the 12th century.
More info
About the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha
buy this bookThis quote is included within the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha (महासुभाषितसंग्रह, maha-subhashita-samgraha / subhasita-sangraha), which is a compendium of Sanskrit aphorisms (subhāṣita), collected from various sources. Subhāṣita is a genre of Sanskrit literature, exposing the vast and rich cultural heritage of ancient India.
It has serial number 32 and can be found on page 6. (read on archive.org)
Sanskrit is the oldest living language and bears testimony to the intellectual past of ancient India. Three major religions (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism) share this language, which is used for many of their holy books. Besides religious manuscripts, much of India’s ancient culture has been preserved in Sanskrit, covering topics such as Architecture, Music, Botany, Surgery, Ethics, Philosophy, Dance and much more.