Sanskrit quote nr. 231 (Maha-subhashita-samgraha)

Sanskrit text:

अग्रे गच्छत धेनुदुग्धकलशानादाय गोप्यो गृहं दुग्धे वस्कयणीकुले पुनरियं राधा शनैर्यास्यति ।
इत्यन्यव्यपदेशगुप्तहृदयः कुर्वन् विविक्तं व्रजं देवः कारणनन्दसूनुरशिवं कृष्णः स मुष्णातु वः ॥

agre gacchata dhenudugdhakalaśānādāya gopyo gṛhaṃ dugdhe vaskayaṇīkule punariyaṃ rādhā śanairyāsyati |
ityanyavyapadeśaguptahṛdayaḥ kurvan viviktaṃ vrajaṃ devaḥ kāraṇanandasūnuraśivaṃ kṛṣṇaḥ sa muṣṇātu vaḥ ||

Presented above is a Sanskrit aphorism, also known as a subhāṣita, which is at the very least, a literary piece of art. This page provides critical research material such as an anlaysis on the poetic meter used, an English translation, a glossary explaining technical terms, and a list of resources including print editions and digital links.

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: Consider this as an approximate extraction of glossary words based on an experimental segmentation of the Sanskrit verse. Some could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned.

Agre (अग्रे): defined in 1 categories.
Agra (अग्र, agrā, अग्रा): defined in 15 categories.
Agri (अग्रि): defined in 2 categories.
Dhenudugdha (धेनुदुग्ध): defined in 1 categories.
Kalasha (kalasa, kalaśa, कलश): defined in 18 categories.
Ada (āda, आद): defined in 9 categories.
Adaya (ādāya, आदाय): defined in 10 categories.
Gopi (gopī, गोपी): defined in 9 categories.
Gopya (गोप्य): defined in 4 categories.
Grih (grh, gṛh, गृह्): defined in 1 categories.
Dugdha (दुग्ध, dugdhā, दुग्धा): defined in 10 categories.
Vaska (वस्क): defined in 2 categories.
Ani (aṇi, अणि, aṇī, अणी, anī, अनी): defined in 12 categories.
Kula (कुल, kulā, कुला): defined in 22 categories.
Kuli (कुलि): defined in 7 categories.
Punar (पुनर्): defined in 4 categories.
Iyam (इयम्): defined in 3 categories.
Idam (इदम्): defined in 3 categories.
Radha (rādhā, राधा): defined in 14 categories.
Shanaih (sanaih, śanaiḥ, शनैः): defined in 1 categories.
Yasyat (yāsyat, यास्यत्): defined in 1 categories.
Iti (इति): defined in 6 categories.
Itya (इत्य): defined in 1 categories.
Anya (अन्य): defined in 8 categories.
Avyapadesha (avyapadesa, avyapadeśa, अव्यपदेश): defined in 1 categories.
Gupta (गुप्त): defined in 13 categories.
Hridaya (hrdaya, hṛdaya, हृदय): defined in 16 categories.
Kurvat (कुर्वत्): defined in 4 categories.
Vivikta (विविक्त): defined in 8 categories.
Vraja (व्रज): defined in 8 categories.
Deva (देव): defined in 19 categories.
Devri (devr, devṛ, देवृ): defined in 1 categories.
Karana (kāraṇa, कारण): defined in 27 categories.
Nandasunu (nandasūnu, नन्दसूनु): defined in 1 categories.
Ashiva (asiva, aśiva, अशिव): defined in 6 categories.
Krishna (krsna, kṛṣṇa, कृष्ण): defined in 23 categories.
Va (व): defined in 11 categories.
Yushmad (yusmad, yuṣmad, युष्मद्): defined in 3 categories.

Defined according to the following glossaries/dictionaries: Sanskrit, Buddhism, Jainism, Vastushastra (architecture), Ayurveda (science of life), Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology), Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar), Shaktism (Shakta philosophy), Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism), India history, Marathi, Hindi, Kannada, Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra), Biology (plants and animals), Pali, Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism), Shilpashastra (iconography), Purana (epic history), Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy), Chandas (prosody, study of Sanskrit metres), Prakrit, Nepali, Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma), Vedanta (school of philosophy), Yoga (school of philosophy), Tamil, Hinduism, Dharmashastra (religious law), Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa), Theravada (major branch of Buddhism), Nirukta (Sanskrit etymology), Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy), Arts (wordly enjoyments), Arthashastra (politics and welfare), Rasashastra (chemistry and alchemy), Nyaya (school of philosophy), Mantrashastra (the science of Mantras), Kavya (poetry), Kavyashastra (science of poetry)

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit verse. If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

Line 1: “agre gacchata dhenudugdhakalaśānādāya gopyo gṛhaṃ dugdhe vaskayaṇīkule punariyaṃ rādhā śanairyāsyati”
agre -
agre (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

agra (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

agra (noun, neuter)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]

agrā (noun, feminine)

[nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]

agri (noun, masculine)

[vocative single]
gacchata -
√gam (verb class 1)

[imperative active second plural]
dhenudugdha -
dhenudugdha (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
kalaśān -
kalaśa (noun, masculine)

[accusative plural]
ādāya -
ādāya (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

ādāya (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

āda (noun, masculine)

[dative single]

āda (noun, neuter)

[dative single]
gopyo* -
gopī (noun, feminine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural]

gopya (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]

√gup -> gopya (participle, masculine)

[nominative single from √gup class 4 verb]
gṛham -
gṛha (noun, masculine)

[adverb]

gṛhā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]

gṛh (noun, masculine)

[accusative single]
dugdhe -
dugdha (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

dugdha (noun, neuter)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]

dugdhā (noun, feminine)

[nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]

√duh (verb class 2)

[present middle third single]
vaska -
vaska (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

√vask (verb class 1)

[imperative active second single]
ya -
i (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]

ī (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb]

ī (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb]

e (noun, masculine)

[adverb]
aṇī -
aṇī (noun, feminine)

[compound], [nominative single]

aṇi (noun, masculine)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
kule -
kula (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

kula (noun, neuter)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]

kulā (noun, feminine)

[nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]

kuli (noun, feminine)

[vocative single]

kuli (noun, masculine)

[vocative single]
punar -
punar (indeclinable adverb)

[indeclinable adverb]

punar (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]
iyam -
iyam (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]

ī (noun, feminine)

[accusative single]

ī (noun, masculine)

[accusative single]

idam (pronoun, feminine)

[nominative single]
rādhā -
rādhā (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]
śanair -
śanaiḥ (indeclinable adverb)

[indeclinable adverb]
yāsyati -
√yā -> yāsyat (participle, masculine)

[locative single from √yā class 2 verb]

√yā -> yāsyat (participle, neuter)

[locative single from √yā class 2 verb]

√yā (verb class 2)

[future active third single]
Line 2: “ityanyavyapadeśaguptahṛdayaḥ kurvan viviktaṃ vrajaṃ devaḥ kāraṇanandasūnuraśivaṃ kṛṣṇaḥ sa muṣṇātu vaḥ”
itya -
iti (indeclinable particle)

[indeclinable particle]

iti (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]

itya (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

itya (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

√i -> itya (absolutive)

[absolutive from √i]

√i -> itya (participle, masculine)

[vocative single from √i class 2 verb]

√i -> itya (participle, neuter)

[vocative single from √i class 2 verb]
anya -
ani (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]

anī (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single]

anya (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

√an -> anya (absolutive)

[absolutive from √an]
avyapadeśa -
avyapadeśa (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]
gupta -
gupta (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

gupta (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

√gup -> gupta (participle, masculine)

[vocative single from √gup class 4 verb]

√gup -> gupta (participle, neuter)

[vocative single from √gup class 4 verb]
hṛdayaḥ -
hṛdaya (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
kurvan -
kurvat (noun, masculine)

[nominative single], [vocative single]

√kṛ -> kurvat (participle, masculine)

[nominative single from √kṛ class 8 verb], [vocative single from √kṛ class 8 verb]
viviktam -
vivikta (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

vivikta (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

viviktā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]

√vic (verb class 3)

[imperative active second dual]

√vij (verb class 3)

[imperative active second dual]
vrajam -
vraja (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

vraja (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
devaḥ -
deva (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]

devṛ (noun, masculine)

[vocative single]
kāraṇa -
kāraṇa (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
nandasūnur -
nandasūnu (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
aśivam -
aśiva (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

aśiva (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

aśivā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]
kṛṣṇaḥ -
kṛṣṇa (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
sa -
sa (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

sa (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
muṣṇātu -
√muṣ (verb class 9)

[imperative active third single]
vaḥ -
va (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]

yuṣmad (pronoun, none)

[accusative plural], [dative plural], [genitive plural]

About the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha

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This quote is included within the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha (महासुभाषितसंग्रह, maha-subhashita-samgraha / subhasita-sangraha), which is a compendium of Sanskrit aphorisms (subhāṣita), collected from various sources. Subhāṣita is a genre of Sanskrit literature, exposing the vast and rich cultural heritage of ancient India.

It has serial number 231 and can be found on page . (read on archive.org)

Sanskrit is the oldest living language and bears testimony to the intellectual past of ancient India. Three major religions (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism) share this language, which is used for many of their holy books. Besides religious manuscripts, much of India’s ancient culture has been preserved in Sanskrit, covering topics such as Architecture, Music, Botany, Surgery, Ethics, Philosophy, Dance and much more.

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Last Updated: 22 April, 2019