Sanskrit quote nr. 2115 (Maha-subhashita-samgraha)

Sanskrit text:

अपूर्वोऽयं कान्ते ज्वलति मुखदीपस्तव चिरं ।
तमो द्रष्टॄणां यो जनयतितरां याति सुतनो ॥

apūrvo'yaṃ kānte jvalati mukhadīpastava ciraṃ |
tamo draṣṭṝṇāṃ yo janayatitarāṃ yāti sutano ||

Index

  1. Introduction
  2. Glossary of terms
  3. Analysis of Sanskrit grammar
  4. About the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha

Presented above is a Sanskrit aphorism, also known as a subhāṣita, which is at the very least, a literary piece of art. This page provides critical research material such as an anlaysis on the poetic meter used, an English translation, a glossary explaining technical terms, and a list of resources including print editions and digital links.

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: Consider this as an approximate extraction of glossary words based on an experimental segmentation of the Sanskrit verse. Some could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned.

Apurva (apūrva, अपूर्व): defined in 11 categories.
Aya (अय): defined in 14 categories.
Idam (इदम्): defined in 3 categories.
Kanta (kānta, कान्त, kāntā, कान्ता): defined in 16 categories.
Kanti (kānti, कान्ति): defined in 16 categories.
Jvalat (ज्वलत्): defined in 4 categories.
Mukha (मुख): defined in 17 categories.
Dipa (dīpa, दीप): defined in 18 categories.
Yushmad (yusmad, yuṣmad, युष्मद्): defined in 3 categories.
Ciram (चिरम्): defined in 6 categories.
Cira (चिर): defined in 16 categories.
Tama (तम): defined in 12 categories.
Tamas (तमस्): defined in 15 categories.
Drashtri (drastr, draṣṭṛ, द्रष्टृ): defined in 4 categories.
Yah (yaḥ, यः): defined in 1 categories.
Ya (य): defined in 10 categories.
Janayat (जनयत्): defined in 1 categories.
Tara (tarā, तरा): defined in 26 categories.
Yat (yāt, यात्): defined in 2 categories.
Sutanu (सुतनु): defined in 8 categories.

Defined according to the following glossaries/dictionaries: Jainism, Sanskrit, Mimamsa (school of philosophy), Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology), Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar), Shaktism (Shakta philosophy), Dharmashastra (religious law), India history, Marathi, Hindi, Kannada, Pali, Vastushastra (architecture), Shilpashastra (iconography), Purana (epic history), Prakrit, Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra), Biology (plants and animals), Tamil, Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism), Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy), Ayurveda (science of life), Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy), Rasashastra (chemistry and alchemy), Chandas (prosody, study of Sanskrit metres), Yoga (school of philosophy), Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa), Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism), Hinduism, Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma), Ganapatya (worship of Ganesha), Theravada (major branch of Buddhism), Kavya (poetry), Samkhya (school of philosophy), Nyaya (school of philosophy), Vedanta (school of philosophy), Buddhism, Gitashastra (science of music)

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit verse. If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

  • Line 1: “apūrvo'yaṃ kānte jvalati mukhadīpastava ciraṃ
  • apūrvo' -
  • apūrva (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • ayam -
  • aya (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    idam (pronoun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • kānte -
  • kānta (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
    kānta (noun, neuter)
    [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]
    kāntā (noun, feminine)
    [nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
    kānti (noun, feminine)
    [vocative single]
    kam -> kānta (participle, masculine)
    [locative single from √kam class 1 verb]
    kam -> kānta (participle, neuter)
    [nominative dual from √kam class 1 verb], [vocative dual from √kam class 1 verb], [accusative dual from √kam class 1 verb], [locative single from √kam class 1 verb]
    kam -> kāntā (participle, feminine)
    [nominative dual from √kam class 1 verb], [vocative single from √kam class 1 verb], [vocative dual from √kam class 1 verb], [accusative dual from √kam class 1 verb]
  • jvalati -
  • jvalat (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
    jvalat (noun, neuter)
    [locative single]
    jval -> jvalat (participle, masculine)
    [locative single from √jval class 1 verb]
    jval -> jvalat (participle, neuter)
    [locative single from √jval class 1 verb]
    jval (verb class 1)
    [present active third single]
  • mukha -
  • mukha (noun, masculine)
    [compound], [vocative single]
    mukha (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [vocative single]
  • dīpas -
  • dīpa (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • tava -
  • yuṣmad (pronoun, none)
    [genitive single]
  • ciram -
  • ciram (indeclinable)
    [indeclinable]
    cira (noun, masculine)
    [adverb], [accusative single]
    cira (noun, neuter)
    [adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
    cirā (noun, feminine)
    [adverb]
  • Line 2: “tamo draṣṭṝṇāṃ yo janayatitarāṃ yāti sutano
  • tamo* -
  • tamas (noun, neuter)
    [compound], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
    tama (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • draṣṭṝṇām -
  • draṣṭṛ (noun, masculine)
    [genitive plural]
  • yo* -
  • yaḥ (indeclinable relative)
    [indeclinable relative]
    ya (noun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
    yaḥ (pronoun, masculine)
    [nominative single]
  • janayati -
  • janayati (noun, feminine)
    [compound], [adverb]
    jan -> janayat (participle, masculine)
    [locative single from √jan class 10 verb], [locative single from √jan]
    jan -> janayat (participle, neuter)
    [locative single from √jan class 10 verb], [locative single from √jan]
    jan (verb class 10)
    [present active third single]
    jan (verb class 0)
    [present active third single]
  • tarām -
  • tarā (noun, feminine)
    [accusative single]
  • yāti -
  • yāt (noun, masculine)
    [locative single]
    yāt (noun, neuter)
    [locative single]
    (verb class 2)
    [present active third single]
  • sutano -
  • sutanu (noun, masculine)
    [vocative single]
    sutanu (noun, feminine)
    [vocative single]

About the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha

This quote is included within the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha (महासुभाषितसंग्रह, maha-subhashita-samgraha / subhasita-sangraha), which is a compendium of Sanskrit aphorisms (subhāṣita), collected from various sources. Subhāṣita is a genre of Sanskrit literature, exposing the vast and rich cultural heritage of ancient India.

It has serial number 2115 and can be found on page . (read on archive.org)

Sanskrit is the oldest living language and bears testimony to the intellectual past of ancient India. Three major religions (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism) share this language, which is used for many of their holy books. Besides religious manuscripts, much of India’s ancient culture has been preserved in Sanskrit, covering topics such as Architecture, Music, Botany, Surgery, Ethics, Philosophy, Dance and much more.

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