Sanskrit quote nr. 1589 (Maha-subhashita-samgraha)

Sanskrit text:

अन्तःखेदमिवोद्वहन् यदनिशं रत्नाकरो घूर्णते यच्च ध्यानमिवास्थितो न कनकक्षोणीधरः स्यन्दते ।
जाने दानविलासदानरभसं शौर्यं च ते शुश्रुवान् एको मन्थविघट्टनास्तदपरष्टङ्काहतीः शङ्कते ॥

antaḥkhedamivodvahan yadaniśaṃ ratnākaro ghūrṇate yacca dhyānamivāsthito na kanakakṣoṇīdharaḥ syandate |
jāne dānavilāsadānarabhasaṃ śauryaṃ ca te śuśruvān eko manthavighaṭṭanāstadaparaṣṭaṅkāhatīḥ śaṅkate ||

Presented above is a Sanskrit aphorism, also known as a subhāṣita, which is at the very least, a literary piece of art. This page provides critical research material such as an anlaysis on the poetic meter used, an English translation, a glossary explaining technical terms, and a list of resources including print editions and digital links.

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: Consider this as an approximate extraction of glossary words based on an experimental segmentation of the Sanskrit verse. Some could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned.

Anta (अन्त): defined in 16 categories.
Kheda (खेद): defined in 11 categories.
Du (dū, दू): defined in 9 categories.
Dva (द्व): defined in 2 categories.
Yat (यत्): defined in 2 categories.
Yad (यद्): defined in 3 categories.
Anisham (anisam, aniśam, अनिशम्): defined in 2 categories.
Anisha (anisa, aniśa, अनिश): defined in 8 categories.
Ratnakara (ratnākara, रत्नाकर): defined in 11 categories.
Ca (च): defined in 8 categories.
Dhyana (dhyāna, ध्यान): defined in 21 categories.
Iva (इव): defined in 4 categories.
Asthita (अस्थित): defined in 6 categories.
Na (न): defined in 12 categories.
Kanaka (कनक): defined in 20 categories.
Kshoni (ksoni, kṣoṇi, क्षोणि, kṣoṇī, क्षोणी): defined in 8 categories.
Dhara (धर): defined in 18 categories.
Jana (jāna, जान): defined in 14 categories.
Jani (jāni, जानि): defined in 12 categories.
Danavi (dānavī, दानवी): defined in 2 categories.
Lasa (lāsa, लास): defined in 7 categories.
Dana (dāna, दान): defined in 23 categories.
Rabhasa (रभस): defined in 6 categories.
Shaurya (saurya, śaurya, शौर्य): defined in 8 categories.
Ta (त, tā, ता): defined in 11 categories.
Tad (तद्): defined in 4 categories.
Yushmad (yusmad, yuṣmad, युष्मद्): defined in 3 categories.
Shushruvas (susruvas, śuśruvas, शुश्रुवस्): defined in 1 categories.
Eka (एक): defined in 16 categories.
Mantha (मन्थ): defined in 7 categories.
Vighattana (vighaṭṭana, विघट्टन, vighaṭṭanā, विघट्टना): defined in 4 categories.
Tat (तत्): defined in 7 categories.
Apara (अपर): defined in 15 categories.
Tanka (ṭaṅka, टङ्क, ṭaṅkā, टङ्का): defined in 16 categories.
Ahati (अहति): defined in 2 categories.

Defined according to the following glossaries/dictionaries: Jainism, Sanskrit, Pali, Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism), Purana (epic history), Yoga (school of philosophy), Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar), Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism), India history, Marathi, Prakrit, Hindi, Kannada, Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra), Biology (plants and animals), Tamil, Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy), Nepali, Kavya (poetry), Chandas (prosody, study of Sanskrit metres), Buddhism, Hinduism, Vastushastra (architecture), Shilpashastra (iconography), Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma), Ayurveda (science of life), Vedanta (school of philosophy), Shaktism (Shakta philosophy), Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy), Ganapatya (worship of Ganesha), Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa), Theravada (major branch of Buddhism), Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology), Arthashastra (politics and welfare), Dharmashastra (religious law), Nirukta (Sanskrit etymology), Arts (wordly enjoyments), Samkhya (school of philosophy)

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit verse. If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

Line 1: “antaḥkhedamivodvahan yadaniśaṃ ratnākaro ghūrṇate yacca dhyānamivāsthito na kanakakṣoṇīdharaḥ syandate”
antaḥ -
anta (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
khedam -
kheda (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

khedā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]
ivo -
√i (verb class 2)

[present active first dual]
dva -
dū (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb], [vocative single]

dva (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

dva (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
ahan -
√han (verb class 2)

[imperfect active second single], [imperfect active third single]
yad -
yat (indeclinable relative)

[indeclinable relative]

yat (noun, masculine)

[compound]

yad (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single]

yat (noun, neuter)

[nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]

√i -> yat (participle, neuter)

[nominative single from √i class 2 verb], [vocative single from √i class 2 verb], [accusative single from √i class 2 verb]

yat (pronoun, neuter)

[nominative single], [accusative single]
aniśam -
aniśam (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

aniśa (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

aniśa (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

aniśā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]
ratnākaro* -
ratnākara (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
ghūrṇate -
√ghūrṇ (verb class 1)

[present middle third single]
yac -
yat (indeclinable relative)

[indeclinable relative]

yat (noun, masculine)

[compound]

yad (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single]

yat (noun, neuter)

[nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]

√i -> yat (participle, neuter)

[nominative single from √i class 2 verb], [vocative single from √i class 2 verb], [accusative single from √i class 2 verb]

yat (pronoun, neuter)

[nominative single], [accusative single]
ca -
ca (indeclinable conjunction)

[indeclinable conjunction]

ca (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

ca (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
dhyānam -
dhyāna (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

dhyāna (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
ivā -
iva (indeclinable adverb)

[indeclinable adverb]

iva (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]
asthito* -
asthita (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
na -
na (indeclinable particle)

[indeclinable particle]

na (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

na (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
kanaka -
kanaka (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

kanaka (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
kṣoṇī -
kṣoṇī (noun, feminine)

[compound], [nominative single]

kṣoṇi (noun, feminine)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
dharaḥ -
dhara (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
syandate -
√syand -> syandat (participle, masculine)

[dative single from √syand class 1 verb]

√syand -> syandat (participle, neuter)

[dative single from √syand class 1 verb]

√syand (verb class 1)

[present middle third single]
Line 2: “jāne dānavilāsadānarabhasaṃ śauryaṃ ca te śuśruvān eko manthavighaṭṭanāstadaparaṣṭaṅkāhatīḥ śaṅkate”
jāne -
jāna (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

jāna (noun, neuter)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]

jāni (noun, masculine)

[vocative single]

jāni (noun, feminine)

[vocative single]

√jñā (verb class 9)

[present middle first single]
dānavi -
dānavī (noun, feminine)

[adverb], [vocative single]
lāsa -
lāsa (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]
dāna -
dāna (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

dāna (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

√dān (verb class 1)

[imperative active second single]
rabhasam -
rabhasa (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

rabhasa (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

rabhasā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]
śauryam -
śaurya (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
ca -
ca (indeclinable conjunction)

[indeclinable conjunction]

ca (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

ca (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
te -
ta (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

ta (noun, neuter)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]

tā (noun, feminine)

[nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]

tad (noun, neuter)

[nominative dual], [accusative dual]

sa (noun, masculine)

[nominative plural]

sā (noun, feminine)

[nominative dual], [accusative dual]

yuṣmad (pronoun, none)

[dative single], [genitive single]
śuśruvān -
śuśruvas (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]

√śru -> śuśruvas (participle, masculine)

[nominative single from √śru class 5 verb]
eko* -
eka (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
mantha -
mantha (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

mantha (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

√manth (verb class 1)

[imperative active second single]
vighaṭṭanās -
vighaṭṭana (noun, masculine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural]

vighaṭṭanā (noun, feminine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]
tad -
tad (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

tad (indeclinable adverb)

[indeclinable adverb]

tat (indeclinable correlative)

[indeclinable correlative]

tad (noun, neuter)

[compound], [nominative single], [accusative single]
aparaṣ -
apara (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
ṭaṅkā -
ṭaṅka (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

ṭaṅka (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

ṭaṅkā (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]
ahatīḥ -
ahati (noun, feminine)

[accusative plural]
śaṅkate -
√śaṅk (verb class 1)

[present middle third single]

About the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha

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This quote is included within the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha (महासुभाषितसंग्रह, maha-subhashita-samgraha / subhasita-sangraha), which is a compendium of Sanskrit aphorisms (subhāṣita), collected from various sources. Subhāṣita is a genre of Sanskrit literature, exposing the vast and rich cultural heritage of ancient India.

It has serial number 1589 and can be found on page . (read on archive.org)

Sanskrit is the oldest living language and bears testimony to the intellectual past of ancient India. Three major religions (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism) share this language, which is used for many of their holy books. Besides religious manuscripts, much of India’s ancient culture has been preserved in Sanskrit, covering topics such as Architecture, Music, Botany, Surgery, Ethics, Philosophy, Dance and much more.

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Last Updated: 24 April, 2019