Sanskrit quote nr. 1419 (Maha-subhashita-samgraha)

Sanskrit text:

अनीर्ष्याः श्रोतारो मम वचसि चेद्वच्मि तदहं स्वपक्षाद्भेतव्यं बहु न तु विप्रपक्षात् प्रभवतः ।
तमस्याक्रान्तशे कियदपि हि तेजोवयविनः स्वशक्त्या भासन्ते दिवसकृति सत्येव न पुनः ॥

anīrṣyāḥ śrotāro mama vacasi cedvacmi tadahaṃ svapakṣādbhetavyaṃ bahu na tu viprapakṣāt prabhavataḥ |
tamasyākrāntaśe kiyadapi hi tejovayavinaḥ svaśaktyā bhāsante divasakṛti satyeva na punaḥ ||

Presented above is a Sanskrit aphorism, also known as a subhāṣita, which is at the very least, a literary piece of art. This page provides critical research material such as an anlaysis on the poetic meter used, an English translation, a glossary explaining technical terms, and a list of resources including print editions and digital links.

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: Consider this as an approximate extraction of glossary words based on an experimental segmentation of the Sanskrit verse. Some could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned.

Ani (अनि, anī, अनी): defined in 12 categories.
Irshya (irsya, īrṣya, ईर्ष्य, īrṣyā, ईर्ष्या): defined in 13 categories.
Shrotri (srotr, śrotṛ, श्रोतृ): defined in 5 categories.
Asmad (अस्मद्): defined in 2 categories.
Vacas (वचस्): defined in 2 categories.
Ced (चेद्): defined in 1 categories.
Tad (तद्): defined in 5 categories.
Tat (तत्): defined in 7 categories.
Aha (अह): defined in 16 categories.
Svapaksha (svapaksa, svapakṣa, स्वपक्ष): defined in 4 categories.
Bhetavya (भेतव्य): defined in 2 categories.
Bahu (बहु): defined in 22 categories.
Na (न): defined in 12 categories.
Tu (तु): defined in 6 categories.
Vipra (विप्र): defined in 10 categories.
Paksha (paksa, pakṣa, पक्ष): defined in 19 categories.
Prabhavat (प्रभवत्): defined in 3 categories.
Tama (तम): defined in 13 categories.
Akranta (akrānta, अक्रान्त): defined in 10 categories.
Sha (sa, śa, श): defined in 9 categories.
Shi (si, śi, शि): defined in 6 categories.
Kiyat (कियत्): defined in 2 categories.
Kiyad (कियद्): defined in 1 categories.
Api (अपि): defined in 4 categories.
Ap (अप्): defined in 9 categories.
Hi (हि): defined in 7 categories.
Teja (तेज): defined in 11 categories.
Tejas (तेजस्): defined in 16 categories.
Vaya (वय): defined in 9 categories.
Vi (वि, vī, वी): defined in 8 categories.
Svashakti (svasakti, svaśakti, स्वशक्ति): defined in 4 categories.
Bhasanta (bhāsanta, भासन्त, bhāsantā, भासन्ता): defined in 2 categories.
Divasakrit (divasakrt, divasakṛt, दिवसकृत्): defined in 2 categories.
Sat (सत्): defined in 7 categories.
Satya (सत्य, satyā, सत्या): defined in 20 categories.
Eva (एव): defined in 6 categories.
Pu (पु, pū, पू): defined in 7 categories.
Puna (पुन): defined in 6 categories.

Defined according to the following glossaries/dictionaries: Sanskrit, Pali, Ayurveda (science of life), Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar), India history, Marathi, Prakrit, Hindi, Kannada, Biology (plants and animals), Tamil, Nepali, Buddhism, Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism), Purana (epic history), Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy), Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy), Dharmashastra (religious law), Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism), Arts (wordly enjoyments), Hinduism, Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma), Jainism, Yoga (school of philosophy), Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology), Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra), Vastushastra (architecture), Kavya (poetry), Shaktism (Shakta philosophy), Theravada (major branch of Buddhism), Vaisheshika (school of philosophy), Rasashastra (chemistry and alchemy), Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa), Shilpashastra (iconography), Vedanta (school of philosophy)

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit verse. If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

Line 1: “anīrṣyāḥ śrotāro mama vacasi cedvacmi tadahaṃ svapakṣādbhetavyaṃ bahu na tu viprapakṣāt prabhavataḥ”
anī -
ani (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]

anī (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single]
īrṣyāḥ -
īrṣya (noun, masculine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural]

īrṣyā (noun, feminine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]

√īrṣ -> īrṣya (participle, masculine)

[nominative plural from √īrṣ class 1 verb], [vocative plural from √īrṣ class 1 verb]

√īrṣ -> īrṣyā (participle, feminine)

[nominative plural from √īrṣ class 1 verb], [vocative plural from √īrṣ class 1 verb], [accusative plural from √īrṣ class 1 verb]
śrotāro* -
śrotṛ (noun, masculine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural]

√śru (verb class 5)

[periphrastic-future active third plural]
mama -
asmad (pronoun, none)

[genitive single]

√mā (verb class 2)

[perfect active second plural]

√mā (verb class 3)

[perfect active second plural]

√mā (verb class 4)

[perfect active second plural]

√mā (verb class 1)

[perfect active second plural]
vacasi -
vacas (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

vacas (noun, neuter)

[locative single]
ced -
ced (indeclinable conjunction)

[indeclinable conjunction]

ced (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]
vacmi -
√vac (verb class 2)

[present active first single]
tad -
tad (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

tad (indeclinable adverb)

[indeclinable adverb]

tat (indeclinable correlative)

[indeclinable correlative]

tad (noun, neuter)

[compound], [nominative single], [accusative single]
aham -
aha (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

asmad (pronoun, none)

[nominative single]
svapakṣād -
svapakṣa (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [ablative single]
bhetavyam -
bhetavya (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

bhetavya (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

bhetavyā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]
bahu -
bahu (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

bahu (indeclinable adverb)

[indeclinable adverb]

bahu (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb]

bahu (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
na -
na (indeclinable particle)

[indeclinable particle]

na (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

na (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
tu -
tu (indeclinable particle)

[indeclinable particle]
vipra -
vipra (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

vipra (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
pakṣāt -
pakṣa (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [ablative single]

pakṣa (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [ablative single]
prabhavataḥ -
prabhavat (noun, masculine)

[accusative plural], [ablative single], [genitive single]

prabhavat (noun, neuter)

[ablative single], [genitive single]
Line 2: “tamasyākrāntaśe kiyadapi hi tejovayavinaḥ svaśaktyā bhāsante divasakṛti satyeva na punaḥ”
tamasyā -
tama (noun, masculine)

[genitive single]

tama (noun, neuter)

[genitive single]
akrānta -
akrānta (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

akrānta (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
śe -
śa (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

śa (noun, neuter)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]

śi (noun, masculine)

[vocative single]
kiyad -
kiyat (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

kiyad (indeclinable adverb)

[indeclinable adverb]

kiyat (noun, masculine)

[compound]

kiyat (noun, neuter)

[nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
api -
api (indeclinable preposition)

[indeclinable preposition]

ap (noun, neuter)

[locative single]
hi -
hi (indeclinable particle)

[indeclinable particle]
tejo -
tejas (noun, neuter)

[compound], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]

teja (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
vaya -
vaya (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

ve (noun, masculine)

[compound]

√vay (verb class 1)

[imperative active second single]
vinaḥ -
vi (noun, neuter)

[ablative single], [genitive single]

vī (noun, neuter)

[ablative single], [genitive single]
svaśaktyā* -
svaśakti (noun, feminine)

[ablative single], [genitive single]
bhāsante -
bhāsanta (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

bhāsanta (noun, neuter)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]

bhāsantā (noun, feminine)

[nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]

√bhās (verb class 1)

[present middle third plural]
divasakṛti -
divasakṛt (noun, masculine)

[locative single]
satye -
satī (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single]

sati (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]

sat (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

sat (noun, neuter)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]

satya (noun, masculine)

[locative single]

satya (noun, neuter)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual], [locative single]

satyā (noun, feminine)

[nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
eva -
eva (indeclinable particle)

[indeclinable particle]

eva (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

eva (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
na -
na (indeclinable particle)

[indeclinable particle]

na (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

na (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
punaḥ -
pu (noun, neuter)

[ablative single], [genitive single]

puna (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]

pū (noun, neuter)

[ablative single], [genitive single]

About the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha

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This quote is included within the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha (महासुभाषितसंग्रह, maha-subhashita-samgraha / subhasita-sangraha), which is a compendium of Sanskrit aphorisms (subhāṣita), collected from various sources. Subhāṣita is a genre of Sanskrit literature, exposing the vast and rich cultural heritage of ancient India.

It has serial number 1419 and can be found on page . (read on archive.org)

Sanskrit is the oldest living language and bears testimony to the intellectual past of ancient India. Three major religions (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism) share this language, which is used for many of their holy books. Besides religious manuscripts, much of India’s ancient culture has been preserved in Sanskrit, covering topics such as Architecture, Music, Botany, Surgery, Ethics, Philosophy, Dance and much more.

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Last Updated: 24 April, 2019