Sanskrit quote nr. 1153 (Maha-subhashita-samgraha)

Sanskrit text:

अध्यायोधनवेदि मार्गणकुशानास्तीर्य खड्गस्रुचा हुत्वारेः पललं चरुं हविरसृक् तन्मस्तकस्वस्तिकैः ।
संवेष्ट्याहवनीयमानसदसि ख्योऽसौ प्रतापानलो- ऽस्थापि द्रागुदकाञ्जलीकृतचतुःपाथोधिना श्रीमता ॥

adhyāyodhanavedi mārgaṇakuśānāstīrya khaḍgasrucā hutvāreḥ palalaṃ caruṃ havirasṛk tanmastakasvastikaiḥ |
saṃveṣṭyāhavanīyamānasadasi khyo'sau pratāpānalo- 'sthāpi drāgudakāñjalīkṛtacatuḥpāthodhinā śrīmatā ||

Presented above is a Sanskrit aphorism, also known as a subhāṣita, which is at the very least, a literary piece of art. This page provides critical research material such as an anlaysis on the poetic meter used, an English translation, a glossary explaining technical terms, and a list of resources including print editions and digital links.

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: Consider this as an approximate extraction of glossary words based on an experimental segmentation of the Sanskrit verse. Some could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned.

Adhyaya (adhyāya, अध्याय): defined in 5 categories.
Dhanu (धनु): defined in 13 categories.
Da (dā, दा): defined in 7 categories.
Margana (mārgaṇa, मार्गण): defined in 6 categories.
Kusha (kusa, kuśa, कुश): defined in 21 categories.
Astirya (āstīrya, आस्तीर्य): defined in 1 categories.
Khadga (khaḍga, खड्ग): defined in 20 categories.
Sruc (स्रुच्): defined in 2 categories.
Ari (अरि): defined in 17 categories.
Palala (पलल): defined in 8 categories.
Caru (चरु): defined in 15 categories.
Havis (हविस्): defined in 9 categories.
Asrij (asrj, asṛj, असृज्): defined in 6 categories.
Taka (तक): defined in 10 categories.
Svastika (स्वस्तिक): defined in 15 categories.
Veshtya (vestya, veṣṭya, वेष्ट्य, veṣṭyā, वेष्ट्या): defined in 1 categories.
Ahavaniya (āhavanīya, आहवनीय): defined in 6 categories.
Anasa (ānasa, आनस): defined in 6 categories.
Pratapa (pratāpa, प्रताप): defined in 9 categories.
Alas (अलस्): defined in 3 categories.
Alu (अलु): defined in 10 categories.
Astha (asthā, अस्था): defined in 5 categories.
Api (अपि): defined in 4 categories.
Ap (अप्): defined in 9 categories.
Drak (drāk, द्राक्): defined in 1 categories.
Udakanjali (udakāñjali, उदकाञ्जलि): defined in 2 categories.
Krita (krta, kṛta, कृत): defined in 16 categories.
Catu (चतु): defined in 8 categories.
Pathodhi (pāthodhi, पाथोधि): defined in 2 categories.
Shrimat (srimat, śrīmat, श्रीमत्): defined in 6 categories.
Shrimata (srimata, śrīmatā, श्रीमता): defined in 4 categories.

Defined according to the following glossaries/dictionaries: Hinduism, Sanskrit, Marathi, Hindi, Kannada, Jainism, Pali, Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism), Purana (epic history), Ayurveda (science of life), Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology), Prakrit, Biology (plants and animals), Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar), India history, Arts (wordly enjoyments), Buddhism, Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma), Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy), Kavya (poetry), Shaktism (Shakta philosophy), Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy), Theravada (major branch of Buddhism), Vastushastra (architecture), Shilpashastra (iconography), Yoga (school of philosophy), Dharmashastra (religious law), Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa), Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism), Arthashastra (politics and welfare), Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra), Tamil, Chandas (prosody, study of Sanskrit metres), Nepali, Vaisheshika (school of philosophy)

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit verse. If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

Line 1: “adhyāyodhanavedi mārgaṇakuśānāstīrya khaḍgasrucā hutvāreḥ palalaṃ caruṃ havirasṛk tanmastakasvastikaiḥ”
adhyāyo -
adhyāya (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]

√dhyā (verb class 1)

[imperfect active second single]
dhanave -
dhanu (noun, feminine)

[dative single]

dhanu (noun, masculine)

[dative single]
di -
dī (noun, feminine)

[adverb]

dā (noun, masculine)

[locative single]
mārgaṇa -
mārgaṇa (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

mārgaṇa (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
kuśān -
kuśa (noun, masculine)

[accusative plural]
āstīrya -
āstīrya (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]
khaḍga -
khaḍga (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

khaḍga (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
srucā -
sruc (noun, feminine)

[instrumental single]
hutvā -
√hu -> hutvā (absolutive)

[absolutive from √hu]
areḥ -
ari (noun, masculine)

[ablative single], [genitive single]

ari (noun, feminine)

[ablative single], [genitive single]
palalam -
palala (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

palala (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
carum -
caru (noun, masculine)

[accusative single]
havir -
havis (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
asṛk -
asṛj (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single]
tanmas -
√tan (verb class 8)

[present active first plural]
taka -
taka (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

√tak (verb class 1)

[imperative active second single]
svastikaiḥ -
svastika (noun, masculine)

[instrumental plural]

svastika (noun, neuter)

[instrumental plural]
Line 2: “saṃveṣṭyāhavanīyamānasadasi khyo'sau pratāpānalo- 'sthāpi drāgudakāñjalīkṛtacatuḥpāthodhinā śrīmatā”
saṃ -
sa (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
veṣṭyā -
veṣṭya (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

veṣṭya (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

√veṣṭ -> veṣṭya (participle, masculine)

[compound from √veṣṭ]

√veṣṭ -> veṣṭya (participle, neuter)

[compound from √veṣṭ]

√veṣṭ -> veṣṭya (absolutive)

[absolutive from √veṣṭ]

√veṣṭ -> veṣṭya (absolutive)

[absolutive from √veṣṭ]

veṣṭyā (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]

√veṣṭ -> veṣṭya (participle, masculine)

[vocative single from √veṣṭ class 1 verb], [vocative single from √veṣṭ]

√veṣṭ -> veṣṭya (participle, neuter)

[vocative single from √veṣṭ class 1 verb], [vocative single from √veṣṭ]

√veṣṭ -> veṣṭyā (participle, feminine)

[nominative single from √veṣṭ class 1 verb], [nominative single from √veṣṭ]
āhavanīyam -
āhavanīya (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

āhavanīya (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

āhavanīyā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]
ānasa -
ānasa (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

ānasa (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
da -
da (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

da (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
si -
si (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb]
Cannot analyse khyo'sau*pr
pratāpān -
pratāpa (noun, masculine)

[accusative plural]
alo' -
alas (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

alas (noun, neuter)

[compound], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]

alu (noun, feminine)

[vocative single]
asthā -
asthā (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]
api -
api (indeclinable preposition)

[indeclinable preposition]

ap (noun, neuter)

[locative single]
drāg -
drāk (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]
udakāñjalī -
udakāñjali (noun, masculine)

[nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]
kṛta -
kṛta (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

kṛta (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

√kṛ -> kṛta (participle, masculine)

[vocative single from √kṛ class 1 verb], [vocative single from √kṛ class 2 verb], [vocative single from √kṛ class 5 verb], [vocative single from √kṛ class 8 verb]

√kṛ -> kṛta (participle, neuter)

[vocative single from √kṛ class 1 verb], [vocative single from √kṛ class 2 verb], [vocative single from √kṛ class 5 verb], [vocative single from √kṛ class 8 verb]

√kṛ (verb class 1)

[injunctive middle third single]

√kṛ (verb class 2)

[imperative active second plural], [injunctive middle third single]

√kṛ (verb class 5)

[injunctive middle third single]

√kṛ (verb class 8)

[injunctive middle third single]
catuḥ -
catur (noun, masculine)

[adverb]

catu (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]

catu (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]
pāthodhinā -
pāthodhi (noun, masculine)

[instrumental single]
śrīmatā -
śrīmat (noun, masculine)

[instrumental single]

śrīmat (noun, neuter)

[instrumental single]

śrīmatā (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]

About the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha

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This quote is included within the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha (महासुभाषितसंग्रह, maha-subhashita-samgraha / subhasita-sangraha), which is a compendium of Sanskrit aphorisms (subhāṣita), collected from various sources. Subhāṣita is a genre of Sanskrit literature, exposing the vast and rich cultural heritage of ancient India.

It has serial number 1153 and can be found on page . (read on archive.org)

Sanskrit is the oldest living language and bears testimony to the intellectual past of ancient India. Three major religions (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism) share this language, which is used for many of their holy books. Besides religious manuscripts, much of India’s ancient culture has been preserved in Sanskrit, covering topics such as Architecture, Music, Botany, Surgery, Ethics, Philosophy, Dance and much more.

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Last Updated: 24 April, 2019