Sanskrit quote nr. 1003 (Maha-subhashita-samgraha)

Sanskrit text:

अद्यैव श्वः परश्वस्त्रिचतुरदिवसानन्तरं सायमह्नि प्रातः प्राह्णे पराह्णे क्षणमिह निवस प्रस्थितोऽभ्येहि भूयः ।
इत्थं रेकातिरेकानविदितकपटप्रक्रियानर्थिसार्थान् अत्यर्थं व्यर्थयन्ति प्रतिदिवसमहो राजधान्यां वदान्याः ॥

adyaiva śvaḥ paraśvastricaturadivasānantaraṃ sāyamahni prātaḥ prāhṇe parāhṇe kṣaṇamiha nivasa prasthito'bhyehi bhūyaḥ |
itthaṃ rekātirekānaviditakapaṭaprakriyānarthisārthān atyarthaṃ vyarthayanti pratidivasamaho rājadhānyāṃ vadānyāḥ ||

Presented above is a Sanskrit aphorism, also known as a subhāṣita, which is at the very least, a literary piece of art. This page provides critical research material such as an anlaysis on the poetic meter used, an English translation, a glossary explaining technical terms, and a list of resources including print editions and digital links.

Glossary of Sanskrit terms

Note: Consider this as an approximate extraction of glossary words based on an experimental segmentation of the Sanskrit verse. Some could be superfluous while some might not be mentioned.

Adyaiva (अद्यैव): defined in 1 categories.
Tricatura (त्रिचतुर): defined in 1 categories.
Divasa (दिवस): defined in 8 categories.
Antaram (अन्तरम्): defined in 2 categories.
Antara (अन्तर): defined in 17 categories.
Sayam (sāyam, सायम्): defined in 7 categories.
Saya (sāya, साय): defined in 11 categories.
Prata (prāta, प्रात): defined in 7 categories.
Prahne (prāhṇe, प्राह्णे): defined in 1 categories.
Prahna (prāhṇa, प्राह्ण): defined in 2 categories.
Parahna (parāhṇa, पराह्ण): defined in 2 categories.
Kshanam (ksanam, kṣaṇam, क्षणम्): defined in 2 categories.
Kshana (ksana, kṣaṇa, क्षण): defined in 13 categories.
Iha (इह): defined in 9 categories.
Ni (नि, nī, नी): defined in 9 categories.
Vasa (वस): defined in 24 categories.
Prasthita (प्रस्थित): defined in 2 categories.
Abhi (अभि, abhī, अभी): defined in 5 categories.
Bhuyah (bhūyaḥ, भूयः): defined in 2 categories.
Bhuyas (bhūyas, भूयस्): defined in 3 categories.
Ittham (इत्थम्): defined in 3 categories.
Ittha (इत्थ): defined in 3 categories.
Reka (रेक): defined in 4 categories.
Ira (irā, इरा): defined in 9 categories.
Kana (kāna, कान): defined in 17 categories.
Vidita (विदित): defined in 10 categories.
Kapata (kapaṭa, कपट): defined in 10 categories.
Prakriya (prakriyā, प्रक्रिया): defined in 8 categories.
Arthin (अर्थिन्): defined in 9 categories.
Atyartham (अत्यर्थम्): defined in 1 categories.
Atyartha (अत्यर्थ): defined in 5 categories.
Vyartha (व्यर्थ): defined in 7 categories.
Yat (यत्): defined in 2 categories.
Rajadhani (rājadhānī, राजधानी): defined in 8 categories.
Vadanya (vadānya, वदान्य, vadānyā, वदान्या): defined in 5 categories.

Defined according to the following glossaries/dictionaries: Sanskrit, Jainism, Pali, Mahayana (major branch of Buddhism), India history, Marathi, Hindi, Kannada, Tamil, Purana (epic history), Natyashastra (theatrics and dramaturgy), Kavya (poetry), Vyakarana (Sanskrit grammar), Shaktism (Shakta philosophy), Shaivism (Shaiva philosophy), Dharmashastra (religious law), Prakrit, Ganitashastra (Mathematics and Algebra), Biology (plants and animals), Arts (wordly enjoyments), Vaishnavism (Vaishava dharma), Ayurveda (science of life), Yoga (school of philosophy), Jyotisha (astronomy and astrology), Rasashastra (chemistry and alchemy), Pancaratra (worship of Nārāyaṇa), Hinduism, Tibetan Buddhism (Vajrayana or tantric Buddhism), Vastushastra (architecture), Nepali, Theravada (major branch of Buddhism), Mantrashastra (the science of Mantras)

Analysis of Sanskrit grammar

Note: this is an experimental feature and only shows the first possible analysis of the Sanskrit verse. If the system was successful in segmenting the sentence, you will see of which words it is made up of, generally consisting of Nouns, Pronouns, Verbs, Participles and Indeclinables. Click on the link to show all possible derivations of the word.

Line 1: “adyaiva śvaḥ paraśvastricaturadivasānantaraṃ sāyamahni prātaḥ prāhṇe parāhṇe kṣaṇamiha nivasa prasthito'bhyehi bhūyaḥ”
adyaiva -
adyaiva (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]
Cannot analyse śvaḥ*pa
paraśvas -
paraśvaḥ (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]
tricatura -
tricatura (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

tricatura (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
divasān -
divasa (noun, masculine)

[accusative plural]
antaram -
antaram (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

antara (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

antara (noun, neuter)

[nominative single], [accusative single]
sāyam -
sāyam (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

sāya (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

sāya (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

√sā -> sāya (participle, masculine)

[accusative single from √sā class 4 verb]

√sā -> sāya (participle, neuter)

[nominative single from √sā class 4 verb], [accusative single from √sā class 4 verb]
ahni -
ahan (noun, neuter)

[locative single]
prātaḥ -
prāta (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]

√prā -> prāt (participle, masculine)

[accusative plural from √prā class 2 verb], [ablative single from √prā class 2 verb], [genitive single from √prā class 2 verb]

√prā -> prāt (participle, neuter)

[ablative single from √prā class 2 verb], [genitive single from √prā class 2 verb]

√prā (verb class 2)

[present active third dual]
prāhṇe -
prāhṇe (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

prāhṇa (noun, masculine)

[locative single]
parāhṇe -
parāhṇa (noun, masculine)

[locative single]
kṣaṇam -
kṣaṇam (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

kṣaṇa (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

kṣaṇa (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
iha -
iha (indeclinable adverb)

[indeclinable adverb]

iha (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]
ni -
ni (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb]

ni (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]

ni (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb]

nī (noun, masculine)

[adverb]

nī (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]

nī (noun, feminine)

[adverb]

ni (Preverb)

[Preverb]
vasa -
vasa (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

√vas (verb class 1)

[imperative active second single]
prasthito' -
prasthita (noun, masculine)

[nominative single]
abhye -
abhi (indeclinable preposition)

[indeclinable preposition]

abhi (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]

abhi (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]

abhi (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative dual], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]

abhī (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb]

abhī (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]

abhī (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb]
ehi -
ehi (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb]
bhūyaḥ -
bhūyaḥ (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

bhūyas (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb]

bhūyas (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
Line 2: “itthaṃ rekātirekānaviditakapaṭaprakriyānarthisārthān atyarthaṃ vyarthayanti pratidivasamaho rājadhānyāṃ vadānyāḥ”
ittham -
ittham (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

ittha (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]
rekāt -
reka (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [ablative single]
ire -
irā (noun, feminine)

[nominative dual], [vocative single], [vocative dual], [accusative dual]

√ir (verb class 6)

[present middle first single]
kāna -
kāna (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
vidita -
vidita (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

vidita (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]

√vid -> vidita (participle, masculine)

[vocative single from √vid class 2 verb]

√vid -> vidita (participle, neuter)

[vocative single from √vid class 2 verb]
kapaṭa -
kapaṭa (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

kapaṭa (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
prakriyā -
prakriyā (noun, feminine)

[nominative single]
ān -
a (noun, masculine)

[accusative plural]
arthi -
arthin (noun, masculine)

[compound], [adverb]

arthin (noun, neuter)

[compound], [adverb], [nominative single], [vocative single], [accusative single]
sārthān -
sārtha (noun, masculine)

[accusative plural]
atyartham -
atyartham (indeclinable)

[indeclinable]

atyartha (noun, masculine)

[adverb], [accusative single]

atyartha (noun, neuter)

[adverb], [nominative single], [accusative single]

atyarthā (noun, feminine)

[adverb]
vyartha -
vyartha (noun, masculine)

[compound], [vocative single]

vyartha (noun, neuter)

[compound], [vocative single]
yanti -
yanti (noun, feminine)

[compound], [adverb]

yat (noun, neuter)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]

√i -> yat (participle, neuter)

[nominative plural from √i class 2 verb], [vocative plural from √i class 2 verb], [accusative plural from √i class 2 verb]

√i (verb class 2)

[present active third plural]
pratidiva -
pratidivan (noun, masculine)

[compound]
samaho -
rājadhānyām -
rājadhānī (noun, feminine)

[locative single]
vadānyāḥ -
vadānya (noun, masculine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural]

vadānyā (noun, feminine)

[nominative plural], [vocative plural], [accusative plural]

About the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha

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This quote is included within the Mahāsubhāṣitasaṃgraha (महासुभाषितसंग्रह, maha-subhashita-samgraha / subhasita-sangraha), which is a compendium of Sanskrit aphorisms (subhāṣita), collected from various sources. Subhāṣita is a genre of Sanskrit literature, exposing the vast and rich cultural heritage of ancient India.

It has serial number 1003 and can be found on page . (read on archive.org)

Sanskrit is the oldest living language and bears testimony to the intellectual past of ancient India. Three major religions (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism) share this language, which is used for many of their holy books. Besides religious manuscripts, much of India’s ancient culture has been preserved in Sanskrit, covering topics such as Architecture, Music, Botany, Surgery, Ethics, Philosophy, Dance and much more.

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Last Updated: 24 April, 2019