African Christians in Europe: Prophecy, Pentecostalism, and Politics
Journal name: Archives De Sciences Sociales Des Religions
Original article title: Sandra Fancello, André Mary (éd.), Chrétiens africains en Europe, Prophétisme, pentecôtisme et politique des nations
The journal “Archives of Social Sciences of Religions” publishes advanced research on religion in French, English, and Spanish. It studies the sociology of religions and religious traditions or theologies. It is supported by the INSHS-CNRS (“Institut des Sciences Humaines et Sociales”)
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Subtitle: Paris, Karthala, coll. « Religions contemporaines », 2010, 420 p.
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Sébastien Fath
Archives De Sciences Sociales Des Religions:
(Founded in 1956 and published quarterly”)
Full text available for: Sandra Fancello, André Mary (éd.), Chrétiens africains en Europe, Prophétisme, pentecôtisme et politique des nations
Year: 2012 | Doi: 10.4000/assr.23954
Copyright (license): © Archives de sciences sociales des religions
Summary of article contents:
Introduction
The book "Chrétiens africains en Europe: Prophétisme, pentecôtisme et politique des nations," edited by Sandra Fancello and André Mary, encompasses a wide-ranging exploration of African Christian movements in Europe. Published in 2010 by Karthala, it extends and deepens discussions initiated in an earlier thematic issue of the "Archives de Sciences Sociales des Religions." Comprised of contributions from various scholars, the work examines the sociological, anthropological, and spiritual dynamics that characterize African churches in the European context, while addressing how these religious movements interact with and reshape cultural identities.
The Role of Prophetic Churches
One important concept discussed in the book is the dynamics of prophetic churches, particularly the differences between the Kimbanguist and Tokoist churches. Ramon Sarro and Anne Mélice analyze the Kimbanguist denomination, highlighting its unique stance compared to pentecostal movements. They explore the historical ties linking this church to its roots in Congo and Portugal. Similarly, Ruy Liera Blanes provides insight into the Tokoist church of Angola, which showcases a complex charismatic and diasporic network. These analyses emphasize the distinctive characteristics and adaptability of African prophetic movements within the European religious landscape, particularly as they grapple with both diasporic expectations and the need for spiritual authority.
Conversion and Cultural Identity
Another significant theme is the exploration of conversion within the context of migration. Alessandro Gusman investigates the conversions to pentecostalism among African migrants in Turin, Italy, illustrating how these churches fulfill social needs in the wake of massive immigration. This theme continues with Sandra Fancello, who discusses the "mission inversée" seen in African-led conferences in Europe that aim to "bring the Gospel back to Europeans." This discourse not only underscores the pragmatic aspects of conversion but also highlights deeper cultural negotiations, as African migrants work to assert their religious identity while navigating the complexities of European society.
Spatial Dynamics of Faith
The book also examines the spatial dynamics of African churches, particularly in urban contexts. Frédéric Dejean's research contrasts the spatial challenges faced by African churches in Seine-Saint-Denis, France, with those in Montreal, Canada. His work emphasizes how access to space influences the visibility and growth of these religious communities. Additionally, Maïté Maskens' study of a Hispanic African congregation in Brussels exposes the intentional strategies these communities employ in their proselytization efforts, although they often face barriers in accessing broader audiences. This analysis expands on the understanding of religious spaces and indicates how geographic context shapes the experiences and strategies of African congregations.
Conclusion
Overall, Fancello and Mary's edited volume presents an indispensable scholarly resource that skillfully integrates various dimensions of study within the realm of African Christianity in Europe. Through its thorough investigation of prophetic churches, issues of cultural identity, and spatial dynamics, the book not only enriches the academic discourse around these movements but also raises critical questions about the intersections of migration, religion, and identity. Given its comprehensive contributions, this work is essential for researchers and scholars invested in understanding contemporary religious transformations and their broader socio-cultural implications.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the title of the book reviewed?
The book is titled 'Chrétiens africains en Europe, Prophétisme, pentecôtisme et politique des nations', edited by Sandra Fancello and André Mary.
What is the primary focus of the book?
The book explores the phenomenon of African Christian communities in Europe, particularly their prophetic practices, Pentecostalism, and their interactions with national politics.
How is the book organized?
It is divided into three main parts: 'Prophets and Nations', 'Individuals and Communities', and 'New Spaces', each addressing different aspects of African Christian experiences in Europe.
Who are the contributors to the book?
The book includes contributions from various scholars, including Ramon Sarro, Ruy Liera Blanes, and Sandra Fancello, among others, presenting diverse perspectives on African Christian communities.
What methodology do the authors employ in their analysis?
The authors utilize qualitative research methods, including ethnography and comparative analysis, to investigate the dynamics of African churches and their diasporic contexts.
How does the book contribute to the study of contemporary religions?
The book provides empirical, methodological, and theoretical insights into the evolving role of African Christians in Europe, essential for understanding contemporary religious dynamics.
Glossary definitions and references:
Theological and religious glossary list for “African Christians in Europe: Prophecy, Pentecostalism, and Politics”. The list explains important keywords that occur in this and other scholarly articles. It is also linked to the glossary for understanding that concept in the context of History, Religion, Philosophy, Theology, Sociology etc.
1) Sandra (Samdra):
Sandra Fancello is one of the editors of the book that explores the intersections of African Christianity and its impact in Europe, revealing her influential role in fostering new understandings of contemporary religion.
2) Religion:
Religion is a central theme of the book, particularly in how African churches adapt and thrive in European contexts, reflecting evolving beliefs and practices among migrant communities.
3) Spiritual:
The book addresses the spiritual dimensions of African churches in Europe, illustrating how their spiritual practices inform community identity and help individuals navigate cultural differences.
4) Politics:
Politics is intricately tied within the discourse, as the book examines how religious movements influence and are influenced by socio-political dynamics within varying national contexts.
5) Paris:
Paris serves as a key urban location in the discussions of the book, highlighting how African Christian communities engage spatially and socially within this vibrant, multicultural metropolis.
6) Book:
The book compiles extensive research on African Christians in Europe, serving as a significant academic resource that addresses contemporary religious practices and their societal implications.
7) Logic (Logical):
Logic is an underlying principle that guides the analysis within the book, especially when discussing the rational frameworks African churches utilize to operate within European contexts.
8) Rhetoric (Rhetorical):
Rhetoric plays a pivotal role in the communication styles of African churches, as explored in the book, demonstrating how language shapes the belief systems and community engagement.
9) Power:
Power dynamics are explored throughout the book, informing discussions on how religious authority is constructed and maintained within African Christian communities in Europe.
10) Space:
The concept of space is crucial in the book's exploration of how African churches navigate limited resources and visibility within urban environments like Paris and Montreal.
11) City:
The city serves as a significant backdrop for the developments discussed in the book, emphasizing how urban centers facilitate or hinder the growth of African religious movements.
12) Deliverance:
Deliverance practices are a salient feature of the African Christian experience in Europe, as detailed in the book, highlighting their role in spiritual healing and community solidarity.
13) Science (Scientific):
The scientific approach adopted in the book underscores the importance of empirical research in understanding the complexities of African Christianity in European contexts.
14) Imaginary:
Imaginary constructs discussed in the book reflect how faith and cultural identity interlink, impacting how African migrants perceive themselves and their communities in Europe.
15) Desire:
Desire emerges in the narratives shared within the book, signaling a yearning for identity, belonging, and spiritual fulfillment among African Christians in diaspora.
16) Death:
The theme of death is addressed in the context of leadership transitions and the enduring influence of church founders, illustrating how loss impacts community dynamics.
17) Light:
Light serves as a metaphor for enlightenment within the book, representing the knowledge and awareness gained through understanding African Christian practices in Europe.
18) Four texts:
The book is structured around multiple contributions, including several focused on thematic explorations, encompassing the 'four texts' that address new spatial dynamics of African churches.
19) Personification:
Personification in the book refers to the representation of church leadership, particularly through charismatic figures who embody the spiritual legacy of their communities.
20) Disappearance (Disappeared, Disappear, Disappearing):
Disappearance is examined in relation to the decline of specific religious movements, pointing to the shifting landscape of faith practices among African churches in Europe.
21) Adaptability:
Adaptability is crucial for African churches as they navigate their roles within European societies, demonstrating resilience and transformation in response to changing conditions.
22) Cosmopolitan:
The term cosmopolitan reflects the diverse and global character of the African Christian experience in Europe, encompassing a range of cultural influences and interconnections.
23) Purification:
Purification, as discussed in the book, relates to spiritual practices aimed at cleansing individuals and communities, fostering a sense of divine intervention and restoration.
24) Environment:
The environment, particularly in urban settings, shapes the experiences of African Christian communities, highlighting how geographical contexts influence religious expressions.
25) Prostitute:
The inclusion of discussions surrounding the outreach efforts to marginalized groups, such as prostitutes, illustrates the mission-driven nature of certain African churches operating in Europe.
26) Evolution:
Evolution captures the dynamic processes through which African churches adapt their practices and beliefs in response to their European settings, shaping contemporary faith communities.
27) Doctrine:
Doctrine forms the theological backbone of the African churches discussed in the book, influencing their teachings and community frameworks amidst cultural exchanges.
28) Language:
Language plays a significant role in how faith is articulated and shared among African Christian communities, serving both as a tool for connection and a barrier in multicultural environments.
29) Richness:
The richness of the narratives presented in the book signifies the depth of the African Christian experience, showcasing their intricate histories and contemporary practices in Europe.
30) Exercise:
Exercise, in the context of the book, refers to the active engagement of faith practices and community building among African Christians as they navigate their dual identities.
31) Donation:
Donation practices are highlighted in the book to demonstrate the financial dynamics that sustain African churches, unveiling the relationship between faith and resource mobilization.
32) Conquest:
Conquest metaphorically describes the mission-driven aspirations of African churches as they seek to reclaim spiritual territories and convert individuals within European contexts.
33) Identity:
Identity is a central theme, exploring how African Christians negotiate their heritage and experiences within the broader European religious landscape as discussed in the book.
34) Extreme:
The term extreme appears to describe the vivid contrasts and challenges faced by African immigrant churches, particularly in their efforts to establish presence and legitimacy.
35) Network:
Network signifies the connections formed among African diasporic communities, underscoring the importance of social ties in sustaining religious practices and expanding outreach.
36) Devotion (Devoted):
Devoted members of African churches are portrayed in the book as key agents of community participation and spiritual engagement, reflecting their dedication to faith and collective identity.
37) Student:
Student communities represent a vital demographic within the African church context in Europe, as explored in the book, particularly concerning migration and faith identity.
38) Prayer:
Prayer practices within African churches are discussed extensively in the book, illustrating the role of prayer in fostering community ties and individual spiritual experience.
39) Summer:
Summer is noted in the context of religious conferences and gatherings, where increased participation often reflects the heightened engagement of African Christians during this season.
40) Island:
The island serves as an analogy in exploring the challenges faced by African churches in certain geographical locales, emphasizing their adaptation and growth in dispersed communities.
41) Market:
The market concept is discussed in relation to the competition among religious movements, showcasing how African churches navigate the spiritual marketplace in European cities.
42) Heart:
Heart symbolizes the emotional and spiritual core of African Christian practices, underscoring personal and communal dimensions of faith emphasized throughout the book.
43) White:
The discussions involving 'White' individuals touch on the complexities of conversion and integration within African churches, reflecting cross-cultural dynamics in European settings.
44) Depth:
Depth refers to the comprehensive and nuanced exploration of the themes presented in the book, revealing the layers of cultural and spiritual meanings within African Christianity.
45) Error:
Error highlights potential inaccuracies or overgeneralizations found in the book, prompting critical reflections on the complexities of African and European religious interactions.
46) Agent:
Agent denotes the active role of individuals within African churches, acting as catalysts for community engagement, social advocacy, and spiritual transformation.
47) Faith:
Faith is the central tenet around which the narratives of African Christians revolve, examining their belief systems and spiritual practices in the context of diaspora.
48) Vita:
[see source text or glossary: #Vita#]