Theses and Dissertations on the Sociology of Religion in France (1940-1954)
Journal name: Archives De Sciences Sociales Des Religions
Original article title: Thèses et mémoires présentés en France de 1940 à 1954 et touchant à la sociologie des religions
The journal “Archives of Social Sciences of Religions” publishes advanced research on religion in French, English, and Spanish. It studies the sociology of religions and religious traditions or theologies. It is supported by the INSHS-CNRS (“Institut des Sciences Humaines et Sociales”)
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Original source:
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Emile Poulat.
Archives De Sciences Sociales Des Religions:
(Founded in 1956 and published quarterly”)
Full text available for: Thèses et mémoires présentés en France de 1940 à 1954 et touchant à la sociologie des religions
Year: 1956
Copyright (license): © Archives de sciences sociales des religions
Summary of article contents:
Introduction
The document provides an extensive overview of theses and dissertations related to the Sociology of Religions in France, specifically those presented from 1940 to 1954. The text discusses the significant impact of the Second World War on scholarly communication in France, leading to a decline in the formal publication of doctoral theses, which instead became less accessible as many were only produced in typescript rather than printed form. The authors aim to compile a nomenclature of relevant theses and memoranda submitted during this period, highlighting the diversity of research across various educational institutions and their contributions to the field.
The Impact of War on Academic Publishing
One of the main considerations presented is the effect of World War II on academic publishing. The war led to a cessation of diplomatic relations and intellectual exchanges between France and other countries, which hindered the academic community's ability to share and disseminate research findings. Additionally, the requirement for theses to be printed prior to defense was abandoned, resulting in a reliance on polygraphic or even just typewritten copies. This shift made it difficult for researchers and scholarly journals to access and review these works, effectively rendering them inaccessible despite being part of the public domain. Consequently, many significant studies remained unknown and unpublished, posing a challenge for future research in the field.
Complexity of Higher Education in France
The text also delves into the intricate structure of higher education in France, which encompasses both public and private institutions, along with distinctions between faculties and specialized schools that cater to specific professional careers. The document emphasizes that this multiplicity of educational backgrounds enriches the research landscape, despite the challenges of varied quality of the work produced. There is no standardized criterion for the doctorate, revealing differences in expectations and outcomes across disciplines, which complicates the evaluation of theses in Sociology of Religions. Different faculties and schools have their unique standards, contributing to the diverse nature of academic work produced during this time.
Sources of Research and Compilation Challenges
Another significant theme is the challenge in collecting and cataloging the theses and memoranda. The author highlights various sources from which information was gathered, including the Bibliothèque Nationale and other educational institutions. Despite efforts to obtain comprehensive lists, there remained gaps and inconsistencies in the available data. Many institutions did not retain or catalog these manuscripts adequately, complicating the task of constructing an exhaustive nomenclature. Additionally, some institutions, particularly those with specialized or lesser-known programs, were less forthcoming with their records, making it arduous for researchers to compile a complete picture of the contributions to the Sociology of Religions during the specified period.
Dominant Themes and Areas of Study
The document notes considerable emphasis on the role of the Catholic Church in France, with a significant proportion of the works focusing on its practices, community life, and sociological aspects. There is also attention given to other religious traditions, including Protestantism and Islam, indicating a broad range of interests among scholars. Various cultural and geographical contexts are examined, further underlining the multiplicity of perspectives within the sociological study of religion. The documentation reveals that the majority of academic inquiries were concentrated on local practices and issues, demonstrating a commitment to understanding religion as a social phenomenon grounded in specific communities and histories.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the document offers a detailed assessment of the state of research in Sociology of Religions in France during the early post-war years. It highlights the implications of the war on academic communication, the complexities of the higher education system, and the challenges of compiling comprehensive bibliographic resources. Despite these challenges, the diverse array of research topics demonstrates a sustained interest in understanding the multifaceted nature of religious practices and beliefs in a changing society, with the hope that future endeavors will continue to illuminate these vital sociological dimensions.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What impact did the 1940 war have on academic exchanges in France?
The 1940 war led to diplomatic ruptures, limiting intellectual and cultural exchanges, and causing a significant decline in the production and accessibility of doctoral theses.
How were doctoral theses handled after the war in France?
After 1940, the traditional requirement of printing theses before defense was abandoned, resulting in most theses being only typed or polygraphed, making them largely inaccessible to researchers.
What is the scope of the listed theses from 1940 to 1954?
The list covers doctoral theses and academic memoirs related to the Sociology of Religions in France from 1940 to 1954, showcasing the diversity of research in this field.
What types of institutions contributed to the theses mentioned?
Theses were gathered from various public faculties, institutes, and specialized schools. These include faculties of Theology, Law, and Letters, as well as religious institutions.
Which religious subjects were most frequently researched in these theses?
Most theses focused on French Catholicism, with many exploring religious practices, dioceses, clergy, and sociological impacts of Catholic traditions in various regions.
How accessible are the theses and memoirs from 1940 to 1954?
While the theses are theoretically in the public domain, practical access is often limited due to regulations and lack of institutional interest in maintaining non-printed documents.
What is the aim of the Group of Sociology of Religions?
The Group aims to enhance the visibility and accessibility of sociological research by collecting and archiving theses and memoirs, facilitating better connections among researchers.
Glossary definitions and references:
Theological and religious glossary list for “Theses and Dissertations on the Sociology of Religion in France (1940-1954)”. The list explains important keywords that occur in this and other scholarly articles. It is also linked to the glossary for understanding that concept in the context of History, Religion, Philosophy, Theology, Sociology etc.
1) Pari:
[see source text or glossary: #Pari#]
2) Theology:
Theology is the study of the nature of the divine and religious belief. In the context of higher education in France, it plays a vital role in understanding how religious ideas and institutions influence societies. The institutions of Catholic and Protestant Theology contributed significantly to the Sociology of Religions during the years 1940-1954.
3) Religion:
Religion is a system of beliefs, practices, and values that relate humanity to the divine and transcendent. The examination of various religions, particularly in the context of French Catholicism, Protestantism, and Islam, showcases the multiplicity of religious expressions that shape social realities.
4) Charter:
Charters refer to documents that outline privileges or rights issued by an authority. In the context of education like the École Nationale des Chartes, the term reflects the established academic traditions and the historical study of religious institutions and their impact on societies.
5) Education:
Education in France encompasses various institutions that offer theological and sociological insights into religious practice. The complexities of higher education, including diverse faculties and programs, highlight the integral role education plays in shaping thought surrounding religious sociology.
6) Practice:
Practice in the realm of religious sociology refers to the lived experiences and rituals associated with different faiths. Studies noted a significant focus on religious practices within communities and their sociological implications, particularly under the lens of Catholicism and Protestantism.
7) Student:
Students in theological and sociology programs contribute to the body of knowledge surrounding religious studies. Their theses often explore various aspects of faith, community dynamics, and cultural implications of religion in society, enriching the discourse on religious sociology.
8) Cult:
Cult refers to a system of religious veneration and devotion directed towards a particular figure or object. The exploration of 'sects' and alternative religious movements illustrates the diversity and complexities within the religious landscape during the studied period.
9) Religious sociology:
Religious sociology focuses on the social aspects and implications of religion in society. The development of this field in France from 1940 to 1954, as evidenced by numerous scholarly works, reflects a growing interest in understanding the intertwining of faith and social structures.
10) Revolution:
Revolution denotes a significant change in political, social, or religious structure. The influence of historical revolutions on religious thought and practice provides essential context for analyzing contemporary religious dynamics through sociological lenses.
11) Priest:
A priest serves as a mediator between the divine and the congregation, often leading rituals and spiritual services. Studies focused on clerical structures and practices shed light on their societal roles and the sociology of layered hierarchies within religious institutions.
12) Roman (Roma):
[see source text or glossary: #Roman#]
13) City:
City refers to urban centers where diverse populations coexist and where various religious practices manifest. Examining cities reveals how urban environments shape religious experiences, interactions, and the representation of faith in contemporary life.
14) Literature:
Literature involves written works that reflect cultural, philosophical, and theological perspectives. The intertwining of religious themes, particularly in French literature, offers insights into societal beliefs, values, and the evolution of thought regarding spirituality.
15) Future:
Future suggests the ongoing development of theological thought and sociological inquiry. The prospective studies aimed at understanding emerging religious trends and their implications reflect a commitment to advancing knowledge around religion's role in society.
16) India:
India represents a region with rich religious plurality and heritage. The examination of religious practices and sociological trends in India enhances understanding of global religion's dynamics and its influence on identity and community formation.
17) Power:
[see source text or glossary: #Power#]
18) Chair:
Chair refers to an academic position of authority in a given field. In theology and religious sociology, chair holders play pivotal roles in shaping curricula, guiding research, and facilitating scholarly dialogue around religious matters.
19) Black:
[see source text or glossary: #Black#]
20) Communication (Communicating, Communicate, Communicated):
Communicate involves sharing religious experiences and knowledge among individuals and communities. The ability to communicate effectively underpins successful dialogue and collaboration across diverse religious backgrounds.
21) Experience:
Experience refers to the lived encounters individuals and communities have with religion. Scholarly works draw upon personal and communal experiences to inform studies in religious sociology, emphasizing how faith shapes daily life and societal norms.
22) Science (Scientific):
Scientific rigor in the study of religion emphasizes the methodical exploration of beliefs and practices, positioning religious sociology as a legitimate field of inquiry within academia that utilizes empirical research to analyze varied religious phenomena.
23) Evolution:
Evolution indicates the development and change in religious beliefs and practices over time. The study of religious evolution in France from 1940 to 1954 highlights trends, transformations, and responses to socio-political changes within religious communities.
24) Salvation:
Salvation encompasses the deliverance from sin and its consequences, a core theme in many religious traditions. Research into salvation narratives and practices highlights differing theological perspectives and their impact on community identity and cohesion.
25) Spiritual:
Spirituality refers to individual or collective experiences related to the transcendent and the divine. The exploration of spirituality in various sociological studies underscores its profound influence on personal practices and communal formations.
26) Monarchy:
Monarchy denotes a form of governance with a king or queen. The interactions between monarchy and religion, particularly in historical contexts, reveal how political authority and religious institutions have mutually influenced societal structures.
27) Language:
[see source text or glossary: #Language#]
28) Vitality:
Vitality refers to the liveliness and significance of religious movements and practices that continue to thrive. The studies reflect the enduring attractiveness of religion in societal contexts, suggesting its adaptability and relevance.
29) Animism:
Animism involves the belief that objects, places, and creatures possess a spiritual essence. The analysis of animistic practices within sociological studies showcases their integration with broader religious traditions and their cultural significance.
30) Worship:
Worship is the expression of reverence and adoration for the divine. The study of various forms of worship across different faiths unveils the rituals and communal practices that anchor religious identities and foster communal bonds.
31) Extreme:
[see source text or glossary: #Extreme#]
32) Egypt:
Egypt, with its rich religious heritage, offers fertile ground for exploring the origins and evolution of spirituality. The impact of ancient religions continues to resonate within contemporary sociological analyses, enriching understanding of cultural practices.
33) China:
China's historical and contemporary religious contexts provide insight into the complex interplay between tradition and modernization. Studies from this region contribute to broader discussions on globalization and the implications for religious practices.
34) White:
[see source text or glossary: #White#]
35) Peace:
Peace reflects the sought-after state of harmony within and among religions. Theological discussions often explore the role of faith in fostering understanding and resolution amid conflicts, highlighting the potential for religion to contribute to societal stability.
36) Lead:
Lead signifies guiding or directing efforts within religious studies. It emphasizes the responsibility of scholars and practitioners to foster dialogues about faith and its role in social transformations, thereby enhancing mutual understanding among varied beliefs.
37) Young men (Young man):
Young men represent a demographic often engaged with religious movements and the exploration of faith. Sociological insights into their motivations and participation in religious activities reveal generational changes in belief systems.
38) Consciousness:
Consciousness involves awareness and understanding of one's spiritual beliefs and practices. The exploration of religious consciousness in sociological research reveals the diverse ways individuals relate to their faith and its impact on their identities.
39) Civilization:
Civilization denotes the advancement of societies, often characterized by cultural and religious developments. The essays in religious sociology reflect on the changing dynamics of civilizations due to shifting religious beliefs and practices.
40) Multiplicity:
Multiplicity signifies the variety of religious expressions and identities present in society. This quality enriches sociological studies by framing the complexity of faith within multicultural and multi-religious contexts.
41) Environment:
Environment encompasses societal contexts that influence religious practice and beliefs. Sociological studies examine how various environments shape religious identities and community interactions, reflecting the interplay between sociocultural factors and faith.
42) Penetration (Penetrated):
Penetration signifies the influence and integration of religious ideas into various aspects of life. The historical examination of how religions have penetrated different cultures illuminates the impact of spiritual traditions on societal evolution.
43) Realization (Realisation):
Realization refers to the acknowledgment and understanding of religious phenomena in the broader sociocultural context. The realization of religious sociology highlights its significance in comprehending the current dynamics of faith and society.
44) Recognition:
Recognition involves acknowledging the legitimacy and value of differing religious viewpoints. Scholarly efforts often strive for recognition of the diversity inherent within religious traditions as essential for fostering mutual respect.
45) Philosophy:
Philosophy engages with fundamental questions regarding existence, knowledge, and ethics. The integration of philosophical inquiry within theology promotes deeper understanding and reflection on the implications of religious beliefs in human life.
46) Liberation:
Liberation denotes the process of freeing oneself from oppression or constraints. The theme of liberation resonates within various religious movements that advocate for social justice and equality, influencing their advocacy efforts in sociocultural contexts.
47) Reflection:
Reflection involves thoughtful consideration and meditation on religious beliefs and practices. Sociological studies benefit from reflection, allowing for deeper insights into the implications of faith for individuals and communities.
48) Discipline:
Discipline relates to the structured practice of religious beliefs. Within the sociological framework, the examination of disciplines across various faith traditions reveals the diverse approaches to worship and adherence.
49) Confession:
Confession involves acknowledging one's sins or beliefs in a religious context. Sociological studies examine practices of confession, particularly in Christianity, offering insights into spiritual healing and community dynamics.
50) Uniform (Uniformity):
Uniformity refers to a lack of diversity and the presence of sameness in religious practices. Sociological inquiries challenge assumptions of uniformity within faith communities, highlighting the nuances that exist.
51) Knowledge:
Knowledge encompasses the understanding and insights derived from religious studies. The accumulation of knowledge in religious sociology contributes to the greater discourse on the interrelation of belief systems and societal conditions.
52) Mendicant:
Mendicant refers to religious orders that practice poverty and rely on alms. The study of mendicant orders illustrates the historical and social dimensions of faith practices, highlighting their role in the broader context of religious sociology.
53) Geography:
Geography pertains to the study of places and their relationships with human activity. The exploration of religious geography enriches the understanding of how geographical contexts shape belief and practice across diverse societies.
54) Sentiment:
Sentiment encompasses the feelings and attitudes individuals possess toward religion. The exploration of sentiment in sociological studies helps illuminate how emotional connections to faith influence behaviors and community ties.
55) Existence:
Existence refers to the state of being alive or having an essence. The pursuit of understanding existence within religious philosophy contributes to the discourse on what it means to live a meaningful life oriented toward spiritual values.
56) Smallness:
[see source text or glossary: #Smallness#]
57) Confucius:
[see source text or glossary: #Confucius#]
58) Mountain:
[see source text or glossary: #Mountain#]
59) Doctrine:
Doctrine consists of codified beliefs and teachings within a religious tradition. The exploration of different doctrines informs discussions about the theological and sociological implications of varied faith systems.
60) Politics:
Politics involves the governance and power dynamics within societies. The intersection of politics and religion, particularly in the context of French sociology, plays a significant role in understanding how religious beliefs influence political ideologies.
61) Exercise:
Exercise refers to the application or practice of religious beliefs and rituals. The examination of the exercise of faith provides insights into how personal and communal beliefs are manifested in everyday life.
62) Jealousy:
[see source text or glossary: #Jealousy#]
63) Kindness:
Kindness reflects the practice of benevolence and compassion often emphasized in religious teachings. The role of kindness in fostering community bonds illustrates the sociological dimensions of faith-based practices.
64) Torment:
[see source text or glossary: #Torment#]
65) Freedom:
Freedom signifies the state of being free from oppression, often a key theme within religious discourse and philosophy. Religious sociology examines how frameworks of belief promote or inhibit freedom in various cultural contexts.
66) Dynasty:
Dynasty refers to a succession of rulers from the same family. Historical analyses within religious sociology evaluate the influence of dynasties on religious practices and the interplay between governance and spirituality.
67) Devotion (Devoted):
Devoted signifies being dedicated to religious practices or beliefs. The study of devotion explores how commitment influences individual and collective identities and shapes the experience of faith in diverse communities.
68) Delight (Delighting, Delighted):
Delight refers to a feeling of great pleasure or joy. In religious contexts, the delight in spiritual practices enhances understanding of how individuals derive meaning from their faith and engage with their communities.
69) Thomas:
[see source text or glossary: #Thomas#]
70) Greece:
[see source text or glossary: #Greece#]
71) Family:
Family refers to the social unit typically encompassing parents and children. The exploration of family structures within religious contexts reveals how beliefs shape familial dynamics and roles.
72) Prayer:
Prayer is a fundamental practice in many religions, serving as a means of communication with the divine. Scholars analyze various forms and purposes of prayer to understand its role in religious sociological studies.
73) Farmer:
Farmer refers to individuals engaged in agriculture, often studied within the context of rural religious practices. The exploration of farmers in sociological research unveils the connections between faith, community, and livelihood.
74) Valley:
[see source text or glossary: #Valley#]
75) Marsha (Marsa):
[see source text or glossary: #Marsa#]
[Note: The above list is limited to 75. Total glossary definitions available: 96]