Tattvartha Sutra (with commentary)

by Vijay K. Jain | 2018 | 130,587 words | ISBN-10: 8193272625 | ISBN-13: 9788193272626

This page describes simultaneous afflictions in a single soul which is verse 9.17 of the English translation of the Tattvartha Sutra which represents the essentials of Jainism and Jain dharma and deals with the basics on Karma, Cosmology, Ethics, Celestial beings and Liberation. The Tattvarthasutra is authorative among both Digambara and Shvetambara. This is verse 17 of the chapter Stoppage and Shedding of Karmas and includes an extensive commentary.

Verse 9.17 - Simultaneous afflictions in a single soul

Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of Tattvartha sūtra 9.17:

एकादयो भाज्या युगपदेकस्मिन्नैकोनविंशतिः ॥ ९.१७ ॥

ekādayo bhājyā yugapadekasminnaikonaviṃśatiḥ || 9.17 ||

From one to nineteen afflictions can occur simultaneously in a single soul. (17)

Hindi Anvayarth:

अन्वयार्थ: [एकस्मिन् युगपत्] एक जीव के एक साथ [एकादयो] एक से लेकर [आ एकोनविंशतिः] उन्नीस परीषह तक [भाज्याः] जानना चाहिये।

Anvayartha: [ekasmin yugapat] eka jiva ke eka satha [ekadayo] eka se lekara [a ekonavimshatih] unnisa parishaha taka [bhajyah] janana cahiye |

Explanation in English from Ācārya Pūjyapāda’s Sarvārthasiddhi:

The causes, definitions and divisions of the afflictions have been described. How many of these can occur simultaneously to a single soul?

Nineteen afflictions can occur simultaneously in a single soul. How is it? Only one of these two–cold–śīta, and heat–uṣṇa–can occur at a time. Similalry, only one out of these three–pain arising from roaming–caryā, couch–śayyā, and posture–niṣadyā–can occur at a time. How? These do not occur simultaneously. While lying in bed, one is not seated and one does not walk. Thus, a maximum of only nineteen afflictions can occur simultaneously to one soul. How can extraordinary learning–prajñā, and ignorance–ajñāna, occur to the same soul simultaneously, as these also are opposed to each other? But there is no inconsistency here. The affliction of extraordinary learning prajñā–is with regard to the scriptural knowledge while that of ignorance–ajñāna–pertains to non-manifestation of clairvoyance, etc.

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