Verse 9.2 - The means to attain saṃvara (stoppage of karmas)

Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of Tattvartha sūtra 9.2:

स गुप्तिसमितिधर्मानुप्रेक्षापरीषहजयचारित्रैः ॥ ९.२ ॥

sa guptisamitidharmānuprekṣāparīṣahajayacāritraiḥ || 9.2 ||

Stoppage (saṃvara) is affected by control–gupti, carefulness–samiti, virtue–dharma, contemplation–anuprekṣā, conquest by endurance–parīṣahajaya, and conduct–cāritra. (2)

Hindi Anvayarth:

अन्वयार्थ: [गुप्तिसमितिधर्मानुप्रेक्षापरीषहजयचारित्रैः] तीन गुप्ति, पाँच समिति, दश धर्म, बारह अनुप्रेक्षा, बावीस परीषहजय और पाँच चारित्र-इन छ: कारणों से [सः] संवर होता है।

Anvayartha: [guptisamitidharmanuprekshaparishahajayacaritraih] tina gupti, pamca samiti, dasha dharma, baraha anupreksha, bavisa parishahajaya aura pamca caritra-ina cha: karanom se [sah] samvara hota hai |

Explanation in English from Ācārya Pūjyapāda’s Sarvārthasiddhi:

Stoppage (saṃvara) has been described. The means to attain stoppage are mentioned in the next sūtra.

That by which the soul is protected from the causes of transmigration is control–gupti. Careful movement in order to avoid injury to organisms is regulation or carefulness–samiti. That which takes one to the desired goal is virtue–dharma. Meditating on the nature of the body, and so on, is contemplation–anuprekṣā. To bear with the sufferings of hunger, etc., for the sake of dissociation of karmas is endurance. Conquest by patient endurance is parīṣahajaya. Conduct–cāritra–has been explained in the first sūtra. These, gupti, etc., are most helpful in stoppage (saṃvara), therefore, these are mentioned as instrumental causes. This is the section on stoppage (saṃvara). Still the pronoun ‘saḥ’–‘it’–is used in order to indicate direct association of stoppage (saṃvara) with gupti, etc. What is its purpose? It is intended for determination. That is, stoppage can be achieved only by gupti, etc., and not by any other means. Thus, activities such as pilgrimage to holy places, bathing in holy waters, initiation in offering the head as an oblation, and the worship of deities in order to win favours, are precluded. The karmas acquired on account of attachment (rāga), aversion (dveṣa) and delusion (moha) cannot be got rid of by any other way.