Tattvartha Sutra (with commentary)

by Vijay K. Jain | 2018 | 130,587 words | ISBN-10: 8193272625 | ISBN-13: 9788193272626

This page describes the transgressions for the vows and the supplementary vows which is verse 7.24 of the English translation of the Tattvartha Sutra which represents the essentials of Jainism and Jain dharma and deals with the basics on Karma, Cosmology, Ethics, Celestial beings and Liberation. The Tattvarthasutra is authorative among both Digambara and Shvetambara. This is verse 24 of the chapter The Five Vows and includes an extensive commentary.

Verse 7.24 - The transgressions for the vows and the supplementary vows

Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of Tattvartha sūtra 7.24:

व्रतशीलेषु पञ्च पश्च यथाक्रमम् ॥ ७.२४ ॥

vrataśīleṣu pañca paśca yathākramam || 7.24 ||

There are five transgressions for each of the vows (vrata) and the supplementary-vows (śīlavrata). (24)

Hindi Anvayarth:

अन्वयार्थ: [व्रतशीलेषु] व्रत और शीलों में भी [यथाक्रमं] अनुक्रम से प्रत्येक में [पञ्च पश्च] पाँच-पाँच अतिचार हैं।

Anvayartha: [vratashileshu] vrata aura shilom mem bhi [yathakramam] anukrama se pratyeka mem [panca pashca] pamca-pamca aticara haim |

Explanation in English from Ācārya Pūjyapāda’s Sarvārthasiddhi:

The transgressions of the right-believer (samyagdṛṣṭi) have been mentioned. Are there any transgressions for the vows and the supplementary vows also? Yes. The number of transgressions for these is indicated in the next sūtra.

The compound ‘vrataśīleṣu’ means with regard to the vows (vrata) and the supplementary-vows (śīlavrata). It is contended that the inclusion of the supplementary-vows (śīlavrata) is unnecessary as these are implied in the vows (vrata). But it is not unnecessary. The idea is to highlight the specifics too which safeguard the primary vows (vrata) of non-injury (ahiṃsā), etc. The word ‘śīla’ in the sūtra indicates the inclusion of the supplementary-vows (śīlavrata) such as abstaining from the direction–digvirati.

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