Tattvartha Sutra (with commentary)
by Vijay K. Jain | 2018 | 130,587 words | ISBN-10: 8193272625 | ISBN-13: 9788193272626
This page describes lifetime in the first two kalpa among the heavenly beings which is verse 4.29 of the English translation of the Tattvartha Sutra which represents the essentials of Jainism and Jain dharma and deals with the basics on Karma, Cosmology, Ethics, Celestial beings and Liberation. The Tattvarthasutra is authorative among both Digambara and Shvetambara. This is verse 29 of the chapter The Celestial Beings and includes an extensive commentary.
Verse 4.29 - Lifetime in the first two Kalpa among the heavenly beings
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of Tattvartha sūtra 4.29:
सौधर्मेशानयोः सागरोपमे अधिके ॥ ४.२९ ॥
saudharmeśānayoḥ sāgaropame adhike || 4.29 ||
In Saudharma and Aiśāna kalpa the maximum lifetime is a little over two sāgaropama. (29)
Hindi Anvayarth:
अन्वयार्थ: सौधर्म और ईशान स्वर्ग के देवों की आयु दो सागर से कुछ अधिक है।
Anvayartha: saudharma aura ishana svarga ke devom ki ayu do sagara se kucha adhika hai |
Explanation in English from Ācārya Pūjyapāda’s Sarvārthasiddhi:
The lifetime of the peripatetic (vyantara) and the stellar (jyotiṣka) deva should be described next in regular order. But that of the heavenly (vaimānika) deva is described next. Why? So that the lifetime of the peripatetic (vyantara) and the stellar (jyotiṣka) deva can be mentioned briefly, later on. Lifetime in the first two kalpa among the heavenly (vaimānika) deva is now mentioned.
In the sūtra, sāgaropama is dual. Hence the meaning is two sāgaro-pama. ‘Adhike’ denotes ‘a little over’. Up to what does ‘adhike’ apply? Up to Sahasrāra kalpa. How is this ascertained? From the particle ‘tu’, in the later sūtra (4-31). It follows that the lifetime of deva in Saudharma and Aiśāna kalpa is a little over two sāgaropama.