Tattvartha Sutra (with commentary)
by Vijay K. Jain | 2018 | 130,587 words | ISBN-10: 8193272625 | ISBN-13: 9788193272626
This page describes five types of bodies (sharira) which is verse 2.36 of the English translation of the Tattvartha Sutra which represents the essentials of Jainism and Jain dharma and deals with the basics on Karma, Cosmology, Ethics, Celestial beings and Liberation. The Tattvarthasutra is authorative among both Digambara and Shvetambara. This is verse 36 of the chapter Category of the Living and includes an extensive commentary.
Verse 2.36 - five types of bodies (śarīra)
Sanskrit text, Unicode transliteration and English translation of Tattvartha sūtra 2.36:
औदारिकवैक्रियिकाहारकतैजसकार्मणानि शरीराणि ॥ २.३६ ॥
audārikavaikriyikāhārakataijasakārmaṇāni śarīrāṇi || 2.36 ||
The gross–audārika, the transformable–vaikriyika, the projectable–āhāraka, the luminous–taijasa and the karmic–kārmaṇa, are the five types of bodies (śarīra). (36)
Hindi Anvayarth:
अन्वयार्थ: [औदारिक वैक्रियिक आहारक तैजस कार्मणानि] औदारिक, वैक्रियिक, आहारक, तैजस और कार्मण [शरीराणि] यह पाँच शरीर हैं।
Anvayartha: [audarika vaikriyika aharaka taijasa karmanani] audarika, vaikriyika, aharaka, taijasa aura karmana [sharirani] yaha pamca sharira haim |
Explanation in English from Ācārya Pūjyapāda’s Sarvārthasiddhi:
The three kinds of birth and nine kinds of muclei (yoni) have been described. How many kinds of bodies, accomplished by auspicious and inauspicious karmas and bases for enjoyment of the fruits of karmas, are there?
The bodies are the effects of the rise of different kinds of name-karma (nāmakarma). Having grossness is ‘audārika’; the audārika body is the gross body. The ‘vaikriyika’ body is endowed with the eight kinds of superhuman powers, including rapid transformation (vikriyā). The projectable–‘āhāraka’–body originates in a saint of the sixth stage, in order to resolve a doubt or to ascertain the nature of a minute object or to dispel non-restraint. That, which is the cause of brilliance or which is caused by brilliance, is the luminous–taijasa–body. The body composed of karmic matter is the karmic–kārmaṇa–body. Although karma is the cause of all types of bodies, by specific usage, the last is restricted to the body composed of the karmic matter.