Part 6 - Foreign Loans (A): Words of Dravidian Origin

Avro 33 5, 89 10 13, avvo avvo 85 10 26 'an interjection--Oh mother'. [he malah (gl at 33 5), cf avva-Janani, 'mother' (D.1 5); also cf. avvo=sucana-duhkka-sambhasana paradha-vismaya-nanda-adara-bhaya-khedavisada-pascallupe -'a particle expressing signification, sorrow, conversation, offence, Wonder, Joy, respect, fear, pain, dejection, repentance (D 151; H 2 204). cf avvo occurring in the above sense in Nayakumaracariu of Puspadanta The word appears to be a Kannadi loan, cf Kan, Telugu avva= 'mother Alsdorf also connce's avvo occurring at 85 10 26 & 89 10 13 with 'mother and compares Sk amba- and Te avva-, mother, grandmother' (vide Harivamsapurana. Glossary)] ✓ Olagg 'to serve,' 'to pay homage to,' 'to be in attendance' . olaggi (y)a-(pp) 6 5 5, 23 12 4, 32 12 7, 45 12 8, 60 26 2, 62 14 4, 76 5 5, 83 16 6, 85 3 3, 92 4 14, 95 9 14, olaggahu (inf) 9 23 10 - [=sevila (gl), cf olugga-v.1 olagga-=sevaka_= 'a servant' (D.1 164), cf. Paiasaddamahannavo olagga -(D)=seva-= 'service,, olaggia- occurs at 129 Nayakumaracariu of Puspadanta and is rendered with avalagna-, but here also it means 'served, attended up on', cf olagga-=sevaka (Lilavai), cf avalaga-, ulaga and olaga='service', attendance' (Supplement to the Journal of the Oriental Institute, Baroda,, Baroda, vol X no 2 pp.106, 114 and 115); for various occurrences of the word Noolagg-and its derivatives in later Old Gujarati and Rajasthani see "olamg sabda ka artha cintan" by Manohar Sharma published in Varada (Bisau Rajasthan) vol 41 year Jan, 1961, pp 78 to 89 and the articles referred there- 1 n. Also sec Bhayani's note on the word olamga- in Varada volume 4 no 2, April, 1961 Cf ulimg=cakri- and olagne=seva (JnanesVar) The word seems to be of Kannada origin of Kan olaga-= 'service, homage', olagisu= to serve, to pay homage to, to be in attendance' and- uliga- 'work, serviec' olagikara 'a servant'] Kadappa-- 8 7 6, 14 8 11, 51 11 8, 58 20 5, 65 21 9, 661 3, 94 23 17 'a multitude, mass, cluster, collection, group' In all its [=sanghata-, samuha-(gl), cf kadappa--nikara-='a heap, collection' (D 2 13).= samuha-, kalapa (Tr 13 86), cf kadappa- occuring in this very sense in Bb, KC, Kams Usa (2 17), Chand, CMC etc occurrences in MP and KC kadappa is found compounded with phani-phada- or phana-= 'the hoods of serpent', ef.G,kadaplo= 'a heap a pile' The word appears to be of Dravidian origin, cf Kannada kalapu Te kalape, Ta kalappal, M kalappe 'n miscellaneous mass or collection' and la, Mal, Tu kalappu= 'mixture', cf also Kan kadampa a mass multitude',] r

. Kira- 7 6 5, 20 5 2, 38 7 4, 83 10 4, 95 2 4 'a parrot'. sense [Compare kira-suka-= 'a parrot' (D. 2 21); cf. kira- occurring in this very sense in Jasaharacariu of Puspadanta (1 3 12, 1 11 10, 3 16 10), Nayakumaracariu of Puspadanta Br. K etc; 'Monier Williams's Sanskrit-English Dictionary records kira- in the of 'parrot' quoted from Vetalapncavimsatika, cf Kon kiru-- 'porrot', the word appears to be of Dravidian origin, cf.Kannada kili-,gili, Tamil,Ma. kili= 'a parrot' and Kannada kiracu, and kiru= 'to scream or cry shrilly' Kittel's Kannada English Dictionary derives the word hira- from Diravidian gini, gili, the sound kil- and the Dravidian verbs kiracu, kilir, kiru and cir. ( See Kannada-English Dictionary, Preface, p,XX, item no 41) Cf./kilikil-.] 747. Kuda-- 44 4 6, kudaa- 19 13 'a pitcher, a water-jar, pot. [=kudava, ghata-, kumbha- (gl.), Hemachandra considers kuda- in the sense of ghata- as a tadbhava- word from kuta-(D 2 35), cf kuda occurring in this very sense in GS and kuta- in Brihatkatha-kosa and Yasastilaka-campu, cf. Monier Williams's Sanskrit-English Dictionary kuta-(L) in the same sense, the word appears to be of Dravidian origin, cf. Kannada koda- an earthern pitcher or pot'. For the derivation of the word see Kannada- English Dictionary, Kittel's Kannada English Dictionary), F., preface. p 33, item no 258 See kulaa-.] 748. Kuduva- 4 10 10 (v 1. kudava-) 'a stick for beating drums' [=vadana-kasstha- (gl), the relevent passage is - "padahullau kuduve chittu tema, Jhamdhotti dotti rau huyau jema" - 'the drum was beaten by the stick in such a manner that a sound like "hamdhottidotti" was emitted'; not recorded in Paiasaddamahannavo, the word appears to be a Kannada loan, cf. Kannada kudu pa= 'a stick etc. for beating drums, striking the cords of the lute etc, a fidale-stick'; and Kannada verb kudu-= 'to beat, to give forth or emit a sound'.] 749. Kurara- 62 3 6 'a ram, a sheep'. [=mesa (gl), PSM records kurari- in the sense of mesi- quoting from Rambha-manjarl, ef kurari-= pasu-= 'an animal' (D.2 40), cf. Monier Williams's Sanskrit-English Dictionary kurari-(L) = 'an ewe. The word seems to be of Dravidian origin, cf Kan kurari= 'an ewe, a sheep' and Kannada, Tulu kuri, Ta, Mal kon= 'sheep, ram' and Kannada kuruba-= 'a shepherd'. The usual sense of kurara- in SK, is 'osprey' It is different from this kurara- ] 750. Korola- 29 28 4 'a lock of hair' [=kuntala (gl), the relevant expression in the text is "kurulolinli"- 'the row of dark blue locks of hair', cf kurula-- kutila-kesa-= 'curly hair' (D 2 63), cf. kurula- occurring in this sense in Jasaharacariu of Puspadanta (4 2 12), Bhavisayattakaha of Dhanapala. , Yt etc, of Monier Williams's Sanskrit-English Dictionary hurula (L)= 'a curl or lock of hair (especially on the forehead)', cf. M. kurul-, Konkani kural-= 'hair curled, formed in

ringlets'. The word seems to be of Dravidian origin, of Kannada kurul Tamil kural, kurul, Mal, kurul, Telugu kurulu= 'a curl or lock of hair', Kittel's Kannada English Dictionary derives. Sanskrit kurala-, kurula from Dravidian kurul (vide Kannada-English Dictionary, Preface, p. XVIII, item no 10) Burrow also notes this word in the list given by him to illustrate the Dravidian loans (See The Sanskrit Language, p 382)] Kulaa 43 9 1 'a water-jar' [=ghata-(gl); the relevant passage is- "surelu pahu nhavo kulaeh."- 'the Lord was given a bath by gods with water-jars' PSM does not note 1 t. See kuda -] 752 Gomda- 69 4 3 (v 1. goccha- v.1. gomdi-), 83 9 7 (v.1 gumda- v 1 godiv.1 gomde-) 'a cluster or a bunch of blossoms'. [=samuha (gl.), gomda- is not traced in PSM, D 295 records goccha-, gomth, gomdi- and gomji in the sense of manjari 'a cluster', Trivikrama notes gomdi and gom in the same sense at Tr 3 4 4 and 346, cf gomda- occurring at Nayakumaracariu of Puspadanta 1 6 12 as a variant of gomcha- in this very sense and gumda- in Lilavai The word seems to be of Dravidian origin; cf Kannada gonde, gudi, Te, Mal komde= 'cluster, tuft, tassel'.] 753 Cattuya- 66 8 6, 83 3 4 'a wooden spoon,' 'a ladle of wood'. [The gloss at 83 3 4 gives cattuka- which is a Sanskritisation of Ik. cattuya- At 66 8 6 caltuya-vihattha- has been rendered by the gloss with "ealukarena vyakulah". But the meaning 'ladle' fits the context and the rendering calukara seems to be a guess on the part of the commentator. Cf cattu= daru-hasta-, 'a wooden spoon' (D. 3 1), cattuya, occurs in JC at 3 5 14 and is rendered with yasli- by the editor', here also the meaning 'a ladle or a wooden spoon' suits the context, cf. also cattuya phala- occurring in JC at 2 34 4 which is glossed as yasi yagranihita-lohamayankusa-, MW records catuka- in the sense of 'a wooden vessel for taking up any fluid quoting from Hala, the word appears to be of Dravidian origin, cf Ta, catfua-, Mal cattuga-, Kannada sattuga= 'a ladle of wood or of a coconut shell' (Kittel's Kannada English Dictionary). Burrow & Emeneau also note Te cattuvamu= 'iron ladle with flat, round blade for taking rice from pot'. 754. Cicci- 3 14 11, 10 11 11, 43 5 19, 44 11 7, 78 15 9, 85 10 8, 88 14 9 'fire' [=agnideva- (gl.), cf. cicci=hutasana-= 'fire' (D 3 10), cf, cicci- occurring in this sense in JC, (1 13 6, 3 3 16) & KC, the word seems to be of Dravidian origin, cf. 1 e, ciccu, Kan hiccu, Tu kicci= 'fire'] 1. See Jasaharacariu, Vaidya, P. L, Karanja, 1931, Glossary,

Curul 32 16 14, 66 2 5, 86 13 'a flame' - [=jvala (gl), cf cuduli=ulka-, 'fire-brand' (D. 3 15, Trivikrama 3 4 72, 473, Pal. 673), ef M. cud, Konkani cudi= 'a torch of twigs or branches of the coconut tree'. The word curuli- seems to be of Dravidian origin, cf. Kannada, Te curukku= 'excessive heat of fire' and curcukolli= 'a burning firc-brand'.] Chana 57 10 11 'cow-dung' - - [=gomaya (gl), the relevant passage 15- "ninhhu kamsathali khavaviu chanahu"- 'the thicf was made to eat cow-dung in a bronze plate'; cf_chanam=gomayam= 'cow-dung' (D. 3 34), ef chana-= sahrt (PC II), cf chagana= 'cow-dung' (Supplement to J O. I., Baroda, vol. X, no 3, p 136), cf MW chagana- 'dried cow-dung' (Pancadandacchatra prabandha), and chagana- (L)= 'a fire of dried cow-dung', of G. chan-, M, Kon sen- 'dung of a bull, cow or buffalo', the word seems to be of Dravidian origin, cf. Tamil chan= 'cow-dung' 757 Jhimdu- 93 7 3 (v 1. Jhemdua), Jhimda(y)a- 83 4 3, 85 11 5 (v.1 jhedua-) 'a play-ball' [=kanduka (gl.) cf jhemdua-- kanduka-, 'a ball' (D 3 59) cf jhemduyaoccurring in PC I, jhumdua- v 1 Jhemdua- in PC II and jhumdua-, Jhumduvaya in PC III in the same sepse Cf MW jhanduka- (L), gendu (L)= 'a ball to play with' of G Jhimdvu= 'green pod of the cotton plant' The word appears to be of Dravidian origin Cf Kan Tamil Te Mal Tu cemdu= 'a play-ball' See jhemdua- below] 758 Jhemdu(y)a - 1 16 10, 22 7 7, 35 12 1, 85 6 13 (v. jhumdua-) 'a 856 play-bali'. [=kanduka (gl). See Jhimdu- above] 759. Dodda- 90 2 10 (v 1 doda-) 'huge', 'a term of ridicule for a Brabmin' [=sthula- (gl), ef PSM dodda- (D)= jaghanya manusyajati, doda- (D)= bralimana and dodini (D)= brahmani-, ef Kan dodda-= 'large, stout'] The word dodda-is a derisive term for a brahmana- (adhama- brahmana-) and here looking to the context, it refers to Nandana brahmana, who spreads heretical doctrines running counter to the tenets of Jainism. It is quite likely that dodda- is of Kannada origin It is recorded in Pk literature, firstly in the sense of 'big or fat' and actually the gloss gives the meaning sthula- in our context In Prakrit literature dodda- has also been used as a derisive te m for brahmanas It is quite likely that dodda- came to have this connotation with the Jainas from its popular use It is natural for the Jainas who believe in fasting, to refer to those brahmanas or purohits who would use their offices to fill their belly and latton, ef the

Gujarati usage of the word tagda-. Here in our context dodda is used more as a derisive term for brahmanas rather than in the sense of sthulaIn PC II dodda- is used and rendered by the gloss as hastadvayauddinaand the editor has given it with a query The passage in PC II from 34 11 7 to 34 11 9 is to be of double meaning One meaning is complimentary and the other derogatory In that case, dodda- in the complimentary sense may mean something like 'carefully inspecting two cubits of road in front', as is wont with Jain monks, and in the derogatory sense it may have a reference to those Brahmanical sanyasins who indulged in tasty food and fattened themselves that case the word may be the same as MP doddaIn The word dodda- occurs twice in CMC On page 166, line 26, it occurs in a compound "dodda-jate" 'in the tribe of ignorant brahmins' and on page 221, line 15 "dodda" occurs in the sense of 'an idiotic or dull-witted brahmin' The word doda occurs in Silanka's commentary on Sutrakrtanga (Agamodaya Samiti edition folio 234) and edition folio 234) and the quotation is "brahmanam dodamiti bruyat tatha vanyjam kiratam ili"- 'a brahmin 1 S called a "doda" and a merchant "kirata" This also shows that as "kurata" was a term of abuse or derision for a Bania, "doda" was a similar term for a Brahmana. 760 Dombi- 83 4 9 a woman of low caste of tumblers' [Compare Paiasaddamahannavo domba- (D)= 'an aboriginal tribe' and dombilaga-= candala, cf. dumba-= svapaca = 'a man of very low caste' (D. 4 11), cf. domba- (D)= candala-jati-visesa- (JC 2 17 4), cf. dumba, domba- in the same sense (Br K.), cf. Monier Williams's Sanskrit-English Dictionary domb-= 'a man of low caste' (Tantrasara), of M. domb-= 'a low caste employed especially on the burial and burning grounds' and H₁. dor- 'the sweeper class among Hindus' The word appears to be of Dravidian origin, Cf. Kan domba-, Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam domme-, dombare-= 'a caste of tumblers and merry-andrews' 761. Nesara-1 11, 10 7 5, 37 13 1, 42 6 17, 47 7 2, 49 5 7, 49 6 7, 53 6 3, 59 16 9, 61 1 31, 70 14 5, 80 3 3, 80 14 3, 80 17 12, 83 21 9, 92 3 9, 92 21 9, 94 4 1, 94 18 4, 101 9 4 'the sun' [=surya-, aditya-, bhaskara- (g 1), cf. nesara-= radi= 'the sun' (D. 4 44, Trivikrama 3 4 72, 573), cf. nesara-= 'sun' (Nayakumaracariu of Puspadanta 4 61,785,916 & 913 6) The editor of NC has not noted nesara- occurring at 461 and 916, but has rendered "dina-nesara" occurring at 785 with dinesvara (surya-)'. Here also nesara (and the dina-nesara-) stands for 1, See Nayakumaracariu, Jain, H., Karanja, 1933, Glossary

184 suryaDESYA WORDS FROM THE MAHAPURANA - "dhariu kumare sthausesaru nai The relevant passage here is vidappe~khayadina-nesaru" "The king of Simhapura was caught or captured by Kumara as though the sun of the day of deluge by Rahu' Tagare also connects nesara- with (di-)nesvara (vide Historical Grammar of Apabhramsa , Index Verborum) The word is a Dravidian loan; cf. Kan nesar= 'the sun', Tamil nayir= 'the sun, the day-light'. 762 Tanhaya- 54 14 11 'wet, moist'. -- [The relevant passage is "an-ruhira-toya-tanhaya-tanu"- 'one whose body was wet with the enemy's blood', of tannaya-=ardra-= 'wet' (D. 5 2; Pa1 531, Trivikrama 2 1 77), ef tannaya- v 1. tanhaya-= ardra (Lilavai) & tannaa-= ardra (GS), the word seems to be of Dravidian origin; cf Ta tanni= 'water', Kannada tanna-= 'cold'. 763 Tamdaa-16 22 8 'a group, a party, an assemblage'. "munitamdau"- 'a group [=samuha (gl), the relevant expression is or party of sages', this word is not recorded in Paiasaddamahannavo; cf. tamdava- (D)= samuha- (Bhavisayattakaha of Dhanapala. 9 12 1), cf M tamda= 'a troop, a party', the word appears to be of Dravidian origin, of Kan tamda-= 'a multitude, a crowd, a troop, a group, a party'.] " 764 Talavara- 30 17 10, 30 18 10, 31 3 2, 31 11 1, 31 13 3, 696 4, 72 10 4, 82 10 2, 98 16 2, 98 18 11 'a town watchman, city guard'. [Alsdorf notes kottapala- as the gloss on the word talavara- at 82 10 2; cf Paiasaddamahannavo talavara- nagara-raksaka-, kotavala-, cf. talara~= nagararaksaka-, 'the city gurd' (D 5 3), Trivikrama gives talara= puradhyaksa, (Trivikrama 1 3 76), cf. talavara- occurring in this very sense in Jasaharacariu of Puspadanta (1 11 6 & 2 29 1), PCI & III, talara- in PC.II, talera- in Bhavisayattakaha of Dhanapala. & talavarga-, talara and talaraka in Br. K, cf talara-, talaraka- & talaraksa- 'a police officer' (Supplement to JO I., Baroda, vol. no. 4, p. 149), talaraksa is a Sanskratisation of Prakrit talara-, Monier Williams's Sanskrit-English Dictionary records talaraksain the sense of 'a body-guard', cf. G talati= 'a village officer' The word appears to be of Dravidian origin, of Kannada talavara-, talara, talari, Tamil taleyan, Telugu talari= 'a watchman, a beadle'. See talarabelow] 765 Talara- 31 6 5 'police superintendent of a town, a city guard'. [Compare talara- in Jasaharacariu of Puspadanta at 3 15 4 & 3 17 3. See note on talara- by A. K. Majumdar in Bharatiya Vidya volume XVII- nos. 3 & 4 pp 127-129 See talavara- above.] 766. Thatta-77 3 6 'a multitude, a throng, a troop'. [The relevant passage is - "daramalar thottadugghotta-thatta"- 'destroys the troop of strong elephants', cf. Paiasaddamahannavo thatta-= samuha, yutha- quoted

from Supasanahacaria, cf. thatta-= samuha-, ghata='row' (KC, Kams, Caupanna Mahapurisacariu of Silanka, Paumacariu of Svayambhu I, PC II, Paumacariu of Svayambhu III); cf. H₁. thaff or thatth, G thath-= 'a throng, a multitude'. It appears from various occurrences that thatta- means 'a troop of elephants or horses assembled for martial purposes; the word seems to be of Dravidian origin, cf Kan, thattutallu and daffu-= 'a mass, a multitude, a host, an army, a large number, in Kannada also the word is used in similar context, e g "kudureza_thaffu"- 'a troop of horses, "aneya thattu" 'a troop of elephants'] 767. Palli- 20 23 4 'a house-lizard' - - [Disvambhara (gl.), the relevant passage is - "pallidehamtahu ruhurabimdu nivadiu" a drop of blood from the body of the lizard fell down'%; the word is not traceable in Paiasaddamahannavo, for the word visvambharagiven in the gloss cf. Monier Williams's Sanskrit-English Dictionary - 'a kind of scorpion or similar animal', the word being quotable from Susruta according to MW, Desinamamala gives vesambhara at 7 77 in the sense of grhagodha- 'a small house-lizard'; according to MW palli- has a meaning 'a small house-lizard' from Lexicons only, the word is of Dravidian origin, cf Kan palli, halli-, Ta, Te, Mal, Tulu, palli-= 'a small houselizard, Lacerta gecko' Kittel's Kannada English Dictionary compares the word with Kannada pala-= 'a sound in imitation of the chirping of birds at dawn, palumbu= 'to lament' etc and states palli has got its name probably from its well-known sounds' (See Kittel's Kannada English Dictionary's Kannada-English Dictionary, Preface, p. XXI).] 768 Pasamdi- 9 7 1, 9 28 4, 28 3 8, 41 58, 59 3 6, 82 7 8, 96 7 10 'gold' [=suvarna-, kanaka- (gl), cf. pasamdi--suvarna = 'gold' (D 6 10%; Trivikrama 3 4 298), cf. pasamdi- in the same sense occurring in Paumacariu of Svayambhu III and Lilavai. The word appears to be of Dravidian origin, cf Te pasidi-= 'gold'.] 769 Paliddhaya- 12 9 2, 41 15 2 'a tiny banner, a kind of flag'. [Gloss renders it with vamsa-vestita-pataka, at 12 9 2 and with ksudradhvaja at 41 1 52, at 41 15 2 paliddhaya occurs along with mahadhaya, hence perhaps the commentator takes paliddhaya to mean ksudra-dhvaja= 'small flags' as contrasted with 'large flags', the word occurs in NC also at 9 23 7 along with garudaddhaya-. At Jasaharacariu of Puspadanta 4 7 6 the word paraddhaya- occurs with a variant reading 'paladdhiya Looking 1. See Jasaharacariu, Vaidya, P L, Karanja, 1931, p 79. 24 '

to the context, it appears that the reading should be 'paliddhaya-'. - "paliddhaya uppari parighulamtu"- This word is not traceable in Then the relevant passage would be 'the tiny banners dangling above' PSM; in Kannada pali- is known in the sense of 'a banner', it is likely paliddhaya- is 'a particular kind of banner' and the first part of the compound may be a loan word from Kaunada. This word appears to be a case of "translation compound" suggested by S. K. Chatterji in his paper on "Polyglottism in Indo-Aryan" (Proceedings and Transaction of the Seventh All-India Oriental Conference, 1933, pp. 177-189.] 770 Pimjana 88 21 14 'a bow-shaped instrument used for cleaning cotton'. [Compare PSM pimjana-= 'carding cotton', Hemacandra at D. 7 63 renders channam with pimjanam, 'a bow-suaped instrument used for cleaning cotton'; cf pinjana- occurring in this very sense in Yt, cf. Monier Williams's Sanskrit-English Dictionary pinja(L)= 'cotton' and pinjana(L)= 'a bow or a bow-shaped instrument used for cleaning cotton', cf M. pinj-ne, G. pinj-vu=' to card'. The word appears to be of Dravidian origin, cf. Kannada thinji= 'a quantity or skein of cottou, Kannada pinju, Te, Mal piccu= 'to card cotton' and Kannada pinjara= 'a carder or comber of cotton'.] 771. Pillaya- 61 11 12, 99 17 20 'young one (of a bird or smaller animals)' [The gloss renders padala-pillaya- with bala-hamsa-, hamsa-bala ; cf. pillha- laghu-paksi-rupam= 'a young bird' (D. 6 46); cf. Paiasaddamahannavo pella- (D)= sisu, balaka-= 'an infant, a young one', and pilua-(D)= ssavaka-= 'a young one of an animal', cf. pilla-= 'young one of a bird or animal' (Nayakumaracariu of Puspadanta, KC), cf. pilla- in the same sense in Jasaharacariu of Puspadanta (3 13 17) and pella at JC 4 18 6, the word occurs compounded with padala- in all the occurrences of Mahapurana of Puspadanta Jasaharacariu of Puspadanta and Karakamdacariu, while in Nayakumaracariu of Puspadanta it occurs as majjaraya-pillau, cf Hindi pilla-= 'a cub, a pup', cf. M. pillu-, Kon pila-= 'a young one of the smaller beasts, of birds or of reptiles'. The word appears to be of Dravidian origin, cf. Kan pilla, Te pille= 'smallness', Kannada, Mal Pille, Tamil Te pillai= 'sinall or petty, a child a young one of any animal' and Te pilla-= 'a girl'.] 772. Pulli- 25 16 4, 27 9 2 'a tiger' [= vyaghra-(gl.), cf pulli-= vyaghra- 'a tiger', simha-, 'a lion' (D 6 79); Trivikrama records pull only in the sense of 'a tiger'. (Tr 34 194), Paiasaddamahannavo notes one occurrence of the word in the sense of 'a lion' quoting from Supasanahacariya-, pull occurs in this sense in Caupanna Mahapurisacariu of Silanka and Jasaharacariu of Puspadanta (2 27 3) The word appears to be of Dravidian origin; cf, Kan puli, huli, Ta, Telugu, Mal, Tu pili-= 'a tiger'.] i

Potta- 6 8 13, 9 8 15, 36 10 9 'the belly, the stomach'. ' 187 [Compare potta= udaram, 'the belly' (D 6 60); cf. Paiasaddamahannavo potti= udarapest-, cf potta- occurring in this very sense 10 JC (371), CMC, Samaraiccakaha of Haribhadra , & pot- in KC at Jasaharacariu of Puspadanta 2 28 7 pottulla- (potta-+=ulla- suffix) v.l.pettulla- (petta-+suffix-ulla-) is used in the derogatory sense of belly, that is to mean, 'this wretched belly', cf M pot Kon pot 'the stomach' See ND pet 'belly, stomach'. The word seems to be of Dravidian origin, cf. Kannada potte, hotte, Te potta 'the belly, the stomach'.] 774. Bomdi- 2 10 9, 11 25 5, 43 4 2, 50 10 9, 69 28 8, 90 13 13, 'the bɔdy'. [=sariram (gl.); Hemacandra records in Desinamamala at 6 99 bomdi in the sense of rupa-= 'form', Sartra-= 'body' and mukha-= 'face' and also records the opinion of an authority according to which in the last sense the form of the word is bomdam, Trivikrama records the word bamdi- in the sense of rupum and vacanam (Trivikrama 3 4 72, 753); cf. bumdi-= == 'body' (Pa₁. 97). The word appears to be of Dravidian origin. cf Telugu pomdi= 'body'] 775 Misiya- 11 24 11, 65 13 5 'the moustaches and the beard'. [=smasruh_dadika, smasrukurca-(gl.), this word is not recorded in Paiasaddamahannavo; this word appears to be of Dravidian origin, cf. Kan, Ta mise Malayalam mise, Te misa= "the moustaches' and Tamil masir= 'the beard'.] 776. Muravia- 12 11 10 (v.1 suravia-) 'boiled, heated' [=utkalita-, tapita- (gl), Vaidya has rendered it with kvathita-; the relevant passage is passage is - "muraviu takku avicittiyai ghɩu chaddiu"- 'leaving aside ghee, the absent-minded lady started boiling the butter-milk'; the word is not traceable in Paiasaddamahannavo It is likely that it is of Dravidian origin, cf. Kannada muruntu-= 'to cause to burn, to kindle' and Tamil murugu, Malayalam mur= 'to scorch in boiling or frying'.] 777 Mera- 2 11 8, 7 1 13, 10 13 1, 13 10 25, 16 18 10, 71 7 11, 72 3 6, 74 7 1, 76 2 1, 85 2 5, 87 13 11 (v 1 mera-) 'a limit, a boundary'. [=maryada (gl.), cf mera-= maryada= 'boundary, limit' (D. 6 113); cf mera in the same sense in JC, Nayakumaracariu of Puspadanta, Karakamdacariu, cf mer- avadhi, maryada- (Jnanesvart), cf MW mera (L)= 'limit boundary'; the word appears to be of Dravidian origin; of Kannada mere-, Te, Mal, Ta merat= 'boundary, limit' and Kan, Telugu, Malayalam, Ta miru-= 'to go beyond the proper limit'.]

. Mehuna- 33 10 6, 61 22 10, 69 18 5, 84 12 8, 90 94, 90 15 8, 98 2 13 'paternal aunt's son, maternal uncle's son, brother-in-law 1. e. husband's brother or wife's brother'. [=matula-putra-, devara-, vivaha-vanchaka- (gl), cf. mehunia-= patnya bhagini 'a wife's sister, matulatmaja-= 'a maternal uncle's daughter', mehunao pitrsvasrsuta iti lingaparinamena vyakhyeyan= 'paternal aunt's son' (D 6 148), Trivikrama also records mehunia-= matulatmaja-, syali (Trivikrama 2 1 18), PSM records one accurrence of mehunia- (D) in the sense of 'uncle's son' quoting from Brhatkalpabhasya, cf.mehunaya-= syalaka (Paumacariu of Svayambhu I), cf. mehuniya-= matulatmaja- (PC, III), cf. M. mevna-= 'wife's brother', cf. Konkani mevno-= 'maternal uncle's son, paternal aunt's son', the word appears to be of Dravidian origin, cf. Kannada, Tulu maiduna-= 'paternal aunt's son, husband's brother, wife's brother'.] 779. Sippira- 7 19 4, 54 85 'straw, husk' [=palala (gl), cf simbira- and sippam= palala-= 'straw, busk' (D 8 28), PSM records suppira- (D) and sippira- (D) in the same sense, cf. sippira- occurring in this very sense in Jasaharacariu of Puspadanta ( 3 17 7), PC II & III, in JC it is glossed as palala- The word appears to be of Dravidian origin, cf. Kannada sippe-= 'the skin of fruits, the rind of sugarcane' ] 780. Sonari- 20 21 1 'a Jackal' [=srgala- (gl), this word is not traceable in PSM ; it is likely that this word is of Dravidian origin, cf. Kannada, Tamil, Malayalam, nari- 'a Jackal, a fox'] 781. Hudukka- 3 20 4 'a sort of drum'. [vadya-vsesa (gl), PSM records hudukka- (D) and hudukka (D) in the same sense; of hudukka- and hudukka occurring in Paumacariu of Vimalasuri, Paumacariu of Svayambhu II & PC III; cf. MW, hudukka (L) and hudukka-= 'a kind of rattle or a small drum' and hadhakka- (L)= 'a small hand durm, a rattle'; the word appears to be of Dravidian origin; cf. Kannada hudukka-= 'a small hour-glass shaped drum' and Tamil utukku-, Mal utukka-, Tulu uduku-, Telugu uduka-= 'a small drum'. ]