Urban Solidarities and Taxation in Ottoman Aleppo (1640–1700)
Journal name: Acta Orientalia
Original article title: Charles L. Wilkins, Forging Urban Solidarities. Ottoman Aleppo 1640–1700. The Ottoman Empire and its Heritage Vol. 41.
ACTA ORIENTALIA is a journal focused on the study of Oriental languages, history, archaeology, and religions from ancient times to the present. The journal includes articles reviewed by a senior scholar in the relevant field.
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Wolfgang-E. Scharlipp
Acta Orientalia:
(Founded in 1922 and published annually)
Full text available for: Charles L. Wilkins, Forging Urban Solidarities. Ottoman Aleppo 1640–1700. The Ottoman Empire and its Heritage Vol. 41.
Year: 2010 | Doi: 10.5617/ao.7338
Copyright (license): CC BY 4.0
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Summary of article contents:
Introduction
"Forging Urban Solidarities: Ottoman Aleppo 1640–1700" by Charles L. Wilkins is an expanded version of a dissertation that delves into the nature and impact of taxation in Ottoman Aleppo during the late 17th century. The author argues that taxation played an integrative role within society, drawing from various sijills (court registers) to examine the social dynamics of the time. One key aspect of Wilkins' study highlights how tax collection, particularly towards the turn of the 18th century, contributed not only to military funding but also to social cohesion among different populace groups within the city.
The Role of Taxation in Fostering Solidarity
One significant concept explored in the book is how taxation generated solidarity among residents of different economic backgrounds. The first section discusses individual neighborhoods (mahalle) and presents cases where resistance to abrupt tax increases fostered collaboration among taxpayers. Wealthier individuals often provided financial assistance to poorer community members, allowing them to pay their taxes. This dynamic illustrates not only the importance of neighborhood ties but also the social obligations perceived by wealthier inhabitants, who sometimes felt burdened by the need to assist others. The study indicates that such social interactions were both a response to economic pressures and a reflection of the intertwined religious and communal life.
Conclusion
Overall, Wilkins' research provides valuable insights into the complex relationships between military structures and social solidarity during wartime, demonstrating how state interventions through taxation reforms aimed to create a more equitable system. The book highlights the Ottoman Empire's remarkable ability to endure prolonged military campaigns, connecting this resilience to the strengthened sense of community and state solidarity during times of crisis. While the study may be particularly specialized for Turkologists, it holds significant relevance for historians of the Ottoman Empire and the broader Middle Eastern context, offering new perspectives on social dynamics and governance in a historically rich urban center like Aleppo.
FAQ section (important questions/answers):
What is the main focus of 'Forging Urban Solidarities' by Charles L. Wilkins?
The book focuses on taxation in Ottoman Aleppo, highlighting its role in fostering social integration among diverse groups and its impact on local solidarity during the late 17th century.
How did taxation influence the communities in Aleppo according to the author?
Taxation led to community solidarity, as wealthier residents supported poorer neighbors facing tax burdens, demonstrating mutual aid and collaboration amidst financial stress and military demands.
What unique insights does the book provide about Aleppo's social structure?
The book reveals complex relationships between military forces and local social solidarity groups, illustrating how state reforms in the taxation system aimed to balance social equity and military needs.
Glossary definitions and references:
Oriental and Historical glossary list for “Urban Solidarities and Taxation in Ottoman Aleppo (1640–1700)”. This list explains important keywords that occur in this article and links it to the glossary for a better understanding of that concept in the context of History, Linguistics, Religion, Philosophy, Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism etc.
1) Book:
The term 'Book' in the context of the provided text refers specifically to 'Forging Urban Solidarities. Ottoman Aleppo 1640–1700' by Charles L. Wilkins. This particular book is an expanded version of a dissertation that explores the nature and impact of taxation in Ottoman Aleppo, revealing its societal integrations and its broader implications for Ottoman military and administrative structures.