11. Notes and References for chapter 1

1. N. Senapati & D:C. Kuanr (Eds), Orissa District Gazetteer, Puri,, Orissa Government Press; Cuttack, 1977, p.771. 2. L.S.S. O'Malley, Puri, A Gazetteer, Calcutta, 1908; Reprinted at UshaPublication; New Delhi, 1984, p.290. 3. Brahma Purana, Chapter-43-53, Anandashram Sanskrit Series;Poona, 1895 and Narada Purana; Uttara-Chapter-52 Vs-11, Bombay, 1905. -- 4. Skanda Purana; Utkala khanda, Chapter-4, Vs.1, Calcutta, 1911. Also see. N.Senapati & D.C.Kuanr(Eds), Op-cit, p.772. 5. R.L. Mitra, The Antiquities of Orissa, Vol.II, New Delhi, Reprint -1984, p.168. 6. Skanda Purana; Utkala khanda, Chapter-55, Calcutta, 1919. 7. Ibid. 8. J.B.Padhi, Sri Jagannatha At Puri, Puri, 2000, p.3. 9. A. Cunningham, The Ancient Geography of India (Ed) by S.N. Majumdar, 1924, p.510. 10. N.K. Sahu, P.K.Mishra and J.K. Sahu, History of Orissa, Cuttack, 1981, p.84. 11. K.S. Behera, "Antiquities of Purusottama-Puri", in Sri Jagannatha, Puri, 1997, pp.103-112. 12. Pt. S.N. Dash, Jagannatha Mandira O Jagannatha Tatwa(Oriya), Cuttack ,1966, pp.5-6 13. S.N. Rajguru, Purusottama-Jagannatha, Puri; 1997, pp.103-112. 14. Arjun Joshi, "Purusottama Ksetra O Purusottama Dhama", in Orissa Historical Research Journal, Orissa State Museum; Bhubaneswar, 1916, p.49. 15. "The Nagari Copper Plate of Anangabhima Deva-III dated 1230 AD", in D.C. Sircar (Ed)Epigraphica Indica, Vol.XXVIII, pp.235-258.

16. "Ain-i-Akbari" of Abul Fazl,Vol-1, Translation into English by H.Blochmann, Calcutta, 1873, Second Edited by D.C.Phillot, Asiatic Society of Bengal, Calcutta, 1927. 17. "The Kurmesvara Temple Inscription of Anangabhima Deva-III dated 1230 AD", in South Indian Inscriptions, Vol.V, No.58, quoted by Dr. K.C. Das, Orissa Review, Orissa Government Press; Cuttack, July;1988, p.33. 18. Andrew Stirling, Account of Orissa Proper or Cuttack (Geographical, Statistical and Historical), London, 1846, p.18. 19. R.L. Mitra, Op-cit., p.100. 20. L.S.S.O' Malley, Op-cit., p.287. . 21. Beni Madhava Padhi, Religious Tradition in Eastern India Lord Jagannatha,Jagannatha Research Institute; Bhubaneswar, 1996, pp.32-34. 22. In a few places the village deity also resides in the centre of the village. 23. A.B.Mohanty (Ed), Madalapanji, Prachi Samiti; Cuttack, 1932, Reprinted at Orissa Sahitya Akademi; Bhubaneswar, 2001,p.21. In the Hindu caste system, there are said to be thirty-six subcastes, excluding the Bramins, based on their respective professions. These are known as 36 Patakas or ChatisaPataka. Since all the sub-castes of the Hindu community, in one way or the other, were connected with the daily ritualistic services of Lord Jagannatha, the 36 classes of servitors are known as Chaitsa-Niyoya. 24. Mayadhar Mansingh, Oriya Sahityara Itihasa (Oriya), Cuttack, p.331. 25. Orissa Historical Research Journal, Vol.III; No.1, Orissa State Museum; Bhubaneswar, 1948, pp.6-12. 26. M.M. Ganguly, Orissa and Her Remains (Ancient and Medieval), Calcutta, 1912, p.399. 27. E. Hein, "Temple, Town and Hinter Land in Puri", in A. Eschmann, H. Kulke & G.C. Tripathy (Eds), The Cult of Jagannatha and the Regional Tradition of Orissa, New Delhi, 1978, p.439. 28. A.B. Mohanty(Ed), Op-cit, Prachi ; Utkal University; Bhubaneswar, 1969, pp.30-33. 29. L.S.S.O'Malley, Op-cit., p.112. 30. Sayana Acharya, Rig Veda Samhita, Vol.IV, Chapter X, 155-3, Vaidika Sansodhana Mandala, Vedic Research Institute, Poona, 1946-51, p.8. 21

31. K.C. Mishra, The Cult of Jagannatha, Calcutta, 1984, p.71. 32. M.M. Ganguly, Op-cit., p.398. 33. Mahabharata; Vanaparva, Chapter-114, Vs. 22-24, Poona, 1955. 34. M.M. Ganguly, Op-cit., p.399. 35. Ramayana; Uttarakhanda, Chapter-108; Vs-30, Madras. 36. J.B. Padhi, Op-cit., p.6. 37. Binayak Mishra, Indian Culture and Cult of Jagannatha, Calcutta, 1986 p.428. 38. Padma Purana, Chapter-17-22,A.S.S.;Poona,1893-94 39. Kalika Purana, Chapter-64, Sloka-43-45, Vangavasi (Edn), p.410. 40. P.K. Gode, "Date of the Kalika Purana" (Before 1000AD), in The Journal of Oriental Research, Madras, Vol.X, pp.289-294. 41. K.N. Mahapatra, "Puranic Literature of Orissa", in Orissa Historical Research Journal, Vol. XI, Part-1, p.23. 42. Satchitananda Mishra, "Ksetra Mahatmyam of Puri", in Souvenir of Orissa History Congress, Puri, 1983, p.1. 43. K.C. Panigrahi, Archaeological Remains at Bhubaneswar, Calcutta, 1961, p.23. 44. Gopinath Mohapatra, The Land of Visnu, New Delhi, 1979, p.196. 45. Murari Mishra, Anargha Raghva Natakam, Act-1, Nirnaya Sagar Press; Bombay, 1937, p.8. 46. S.N. Dasgupta and S.K.De (Eds), A History of Sanskrit Literature, Revised Edition,Calcutta, 1962,p.449. 47. Krsna Mishra, Prabodha Candrodaya Natakam, Act-II, Nirnaya Sagar Press; Bombay, 1935, p.13. 48. Ibid, pp.78-79. 49. "Kala Viveka of Jimuta Vahana", in Biblotheca Indica (Ed), pp.351-357. 50. Inscriptions of Bengal, Vol.III, p.122. 51. "Sarada Devi Temple Inscription of Maihar", in Eipgraphica Indica, Vol. XXXV, pp.171-178. 52. Ibid, Verse-35. : 22

23 23 53. K.S. Behera, "Antiquity of Deity Purusottama; Jagannatha at Puri" in D. Panda & S.C. Panigrahi (Eds) The Cult and Culture of Lord Jagannatha, Cuttack, 1986, pp.121-122. 54. Prof. Keilhorn (Ed), Eipgraphica Indica, Vol.II, p.187. 55. Mahakosala Historical Society's Paper, Vol.II, Raipur, 1937, p.78. 56. Prof. Keilhorn (Ed), Op-cit., p.334. 57. K.V.S. Rajan, Early Kalingan Art and Architecture, New Delhi, 1984, p.VIII. 58. M.M. Chakravarti, "The Date of the Jagannatha Temple in Puri", in JASB, Vol. LXVII, Calcutta, 1898, pp.328-331. 59. R.L. Mitra, Op-cit.., p.233. Also see P.K. Pattanaik, "Historic Monuments in the Ksetra of Jagannatha", in M.N. Das (Ed), Sidelights on History and Culture of Orissa, Cuttack, 1977, p. 509. 60. W.W. Hunter, "Orissa", Extracts reprinted in N.K. Sahu (Ed), A History of Orissa, Vol.1, Culcutta, 1956, p.58. 61. H.V. Stietencorn, "The Advent of Vaishnavism in Orissa", in A. Eschmann, H. Kulke & G.C. Tripathy (Eds), The Cult of Jagannatha and the Regional Tradition of Orissa, New Delhi, 1978, pp.25-27. 62. Pt. S.N. Dash, Op-cit., p.2.