Page 464 of: Glories of India (Culture and Civilization)

ORIGINAL LITERATURES 429 suffixes. Words were also derived from verbs by
unusual affixes as mentioned in the Uṇādi-sūtra.
;
The Ashtadhyayi of Panini (about B. C. 350)
comprising about 4,000 sutras (rules) treats in eight
books of (i)
(i)
technical terms and rules of interpreta-
tion; (ii) nouns in composition and case relations
(iii) the adding of suffixes to roots; (iv, v) adding
of suffixes to nouns; (vi, vii) accent and changes
of sound in word formation, and (viii) the word
in the sentence. Katyāyana's Vārtikas of some 1245
Sutras are placed between Panini and Patanjali. About
that time is also placed Vararuchi to whom are ascribed
several works, viz., Prakrita-prakāśa, book iv of the
Kātantra and the
and the
Lingānuśāsana. The Vararuchi-
Samgraha in 25 Kārikās (rules) deals with case construc-
tion, compounds, verbs, and nominal function. Save
for Bhartrihari, Patanjali (about B. C. 150) closes the
line of great grammarians. His Mahābhāshya has
famous commentaries like those of Bhartrihari (about
651), Vakyapadiya in three books of verse, Kaiyaṭa
(12th century), Nāgoji-bhatta (about 1700) commented
through Bhartrihari. There are other commentaries
also on Panini, of which Kaśikā-vritti of Jayaditya and
Vamana is well known for its clearness. The Dhātu-
patha which gives the roots according to classes
with indicatory letters containing information
regarding their formation is ascribed to Panini. On it
are based the Dhatu-pradipa of Maitreya Rakshita, the
Daiva of Deva, the Purushakāra of Krishṇalīlā-suka, and
the Madhaviya Dhaturūpa ascribed to Madhava, brother
of Sayana of the 14th century. The Ganapatha of some
unknown author and the Gana-ratna-mahodadhi of
Vardhamana (1140) are based on some other grammar.
The Katantra, otherwise known as Kalapa and
Kaumāra, of Sarvavarman, is based on the lost
grammar of Nepalese Buddhist Indragomin. It
originally comprises four books. It appears with
supplements in Tibetan translation and in Durgā
Sinha's commentary. Its Dhātupātha is extant only
it Tibet. Its fragments have been found in Central
Asia. There is a commentary, Sishya-hitanyāsa, by
Ugrabhuti. It deeply affected the Pali grammar of
Kachchayana and the Dravidian grammarians. It was
popular in Kashmir and Bengal. It came after Panini.
The Chandra-vyakarana of one unidentified Chandra