7. Trade and Commerce of Ornaments

Since the land of India is renowned for its invaluable treasure of precious stones, it is quite natural to have the export or trade of articles made out of such jewels. From Vālmīki-rāmāyaṇa we get evidence to the export of diamond, which was passed through the hands of Sāmudra’s (Seagoing merchants)^[1]. Kauṭilīya Arthaśāstra much elaborately deals with the department of jewellery. Toll dues imposed on various jewel made articles also form part of this chapter^[2]. Bṛhatsaṃhitā also gives special mention to the price of gems, which were calculated in proportion to the quality of each gem^[3].

The subject of ornaments is seen in a scattered form in our literature. But when we collect them and properly place into a frame, we get a clear picture of a society that values tradition and materialism alike. This picture further throws light into the widespread knowledge acquired by men even at an early period. In view of the above mentioned information regarding ornaments, it can be concluded that ornaments are not merely a part of luxury; they are an indivisible part of rituals and traditions also and provides means of living for many people.