Cosmetics, Costumes and Ornaments in Ancient India

by Remadevi. O. | 2009 | 54,177 words

This page relates ‘Head Ornaments (d): Cudamani’ of the study on cosmetics, costumes and ornaments of ancient India based on Sanskrit sources. Chapter one deals with cosmetics and methods of enhancing beauty; Chapter two deals with costumes, garments and dresses; Chapter three deals with ornaments for humans and animals. Each chapter deals with their respective materials, types, preparation and trade, as prevalent in ancient Indian society.

2.1. Head Ornaments (d): Cūḍāmaṇi

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Cūḍāmaṇi is considered as a forehead ornament, as well as a crest jewel, worn by men and ladies. Usually it comprises of precious gems. In some cases, it is inlaid with pearls. Cūḍāmaṇi designed in the form of various creatures was also in vogue.

Cūḍāmaṇi of Sītā, mentioned in Vālmīki-rāmāyaṇa is set with pearls and gems and was gifted by Janaka. To Janaka, it was presented by Kubera^[1].

Mārkaṇḍeyapurāṇa considers Cūḍāmaṇi as best among the ornaments. The gifts presented by Kṣīrasāgara to Devī include Cūḍāmaṇi^[2]. Skandapurāṇa also refers to Cūḍāmaṇi^[3].

Bharata prescribes Cūḍāmaṇi for both male and female actors^[4].

Kālidāsa, in all his works alludes to Cūḍāmaṇi. According to him, Cūḍāmaṇi is of unusual lustre^[5].

In Bṛhatsaṃhitā, this head jewel is known by the name Śiromaṇi. Its use is ascribed to the kings^[6].