The sacred complex of Billeswar Devalaya (study)

by Rajesh Kakati | 2019 | 72,486 words

This essay studies the sacred complex of Billeswar Devalaya by exploring the historical, cultural, and religious significance of this ancient shrine in Assam (northeastern India). It emphasizes how this temple, also known as Billbeshwar Devaloy, functions as a focal point of faith and tradition for the surrounding communities. The research further ...

Glossary

Aai — Goddess;
Aathmongola — A ritual of marriage;
Agoli kolpaat — Plantain leaf;
AhinAssamese calendrical month;
Ahot paat — Peepul leaf;
Akhoi guriPowder of parched rice;
Akhoi phutua — Process of preparing the parched rice;
Akhoi — Parched rice;
Akon — Swallow wart;
Alokhoni — Kind of witch/spirit which disturbs the bowl;
Alua rangar kukura — Red hen;
Anguli Pitha — A type of traditional rice cake of the shape of a finger;
Aunipaan — Type of betel creeper;
Baghdhekia — A type of fern;
Bam meteka — A type of hyacinth;
Banshas — Lineage;
Barik — Headman among 20 household of a village;
Basare basare barhi ja — As years roll on let the growth take place;
Bastra — Cloth;
Basumati — Mother Earth;
Bati — Bowl;
Batolu guti — Clay pellet/Small Earthen ball;
Bator jeng bipod apod dur houk — Let the unseen hurdles in life be removed;
Bei — Place of bathing the bride or the groom;
Bel paat — Leaves of a wood apple;
Betgaj — Cane shoot;
Betupaat — Kind of leaf;
Bez — A person who does magico-religious treatment;
Bhakats — Devotee of God;
Bhapot diya sawal — Steamed rice;
Bhar — Load;
Bhat dimoru guti — Seed of a tree;
Bhimkol — A variety of banana;
Bhoral — Barn;
Bhujoni — Eatables offered on special occasions;
Bihu — A traditional festival of the Assamese society celebrated by all caste and communities living in Assam;
Biya naam — Marriage songs;
Bogori jeng — Twigs and branches of thorny plum plant;
Bohaag — First month of Assamese calendrical year;
Bon Debota — God of the Jungle;
Bhoot jora mantro — Magical charms for chasing ghosts;
Bor tengesi — A sour plant;
Bora chawal — A variety of rice (usually sticky);
Borghor — Main house in a traditional Assamese house;
Borpitha — Traditional Assamese rice cake;
Borsaang — A bamboo structure hang above the fireplace in the kitchen;
Bos — A type of herb;
Brahmi — A type of herb;
Chadar — A cloth used as a dress of woman;
Changi — Bamboo frame used for carrying the corpse;
Cheleng Chador — A traditional piece of cloth;
Choitra — An Assamese calendrical month;
Choraghor — Outside sitting room;
Choru — Utensil used for cooking;
Da — Chopping sword;
Dhari — Traditional mat;
Dheki thura — Pestle;
Dheki Xal — Shed where the pounding pedal is kept;
Dheki — Pounding Pedal;
Dhip — Earthen mound;
Dhol — Traditional drum;
Dhuliya bheti — An open ground where bihu dance is performed;
Dhup — A type of ball made from cloth;
DohaDeath ritual observed on the 10th day;
Dola/Kula — Tray like rounded wicker work used for keeping paddy;
Dubori bon — Kind of grass;
Dul — Thread with magical charms;
DulaPalanquin;
Dung — Vessel made of banana sheath;
Dunori — A basket made of bamboo;
Dupor tenga — A kind of acidic herb;
Ekhetiya — Dress of woman;
Era guti — Castor seed;
Gamusa — Traditional Assamese towel;
Garu — Pillow;
Gathiyon — A kind of aromatic medicinal plant;
Gayon Bayan — A group of folk singers usually performed during rituals and special occasions;
Ghai — The centre pole;
Ghatuyoi — Ferryman;
Ghila pitha — A variety of rice cake;
Ghila — Seed of Sea Bean (disc shaped seed of a plant);
Ghoti — Brass pot;
Gor — Piece of log;
Gorokhiya — A boy who looks after the cowherds;
Goru bihu — First day of Bihu where cow is worshipped;
Goru — Cow/Bull;
Gosa — A stand for placing the lamp;
Guhali — Cowshed;
Gur — Molasses;
Guriyal — Leader;
Gutung sula — Traditional shirt of Sonowal Kachari male;
Gyati kharidiya — Custom of putting fire wood into the burning pyre of a dead by kith and kins and people present in the cremation ground;
Gyati — Kinsman;
Halodhi — Turmeric;
Hamuk — Snail;
Hasoti — A small piece of cloth used of tying betel nut;
Hauguri Tula — Customs of marriage;
Hedali — A hurdle or network of split bamboo used as a shelf;
Heta — A ladle;
Hetamari — A ladle;
Hijua kol — Boilded banana;
Hogphul — Type of flower;
Juit pori nomoribi — Not to die by burning;
Hukan masor hukoti — Powder of dried fish;
Hukan puthimas — A variety of dried fish;
Hukloti — A type of herb;
Ikora — A variety of reed;
Jakoi — A type of bamboo instrument used for catching fish;
Jalor tukura — Piece of fishing net;
Jamuk gos — Blackberry tree;
Jamuk kath — Blackberry wood;
Jamuk — Blackberry fruit;
Janoni Diya — Information;
Japi — Wicker hat serving as an umbrella;
Jara-phuka — Magical charms;
Jathi-jung — Spear and bamboo weapon;
Jeura — Fencing made of bamboo;
Joha chawal — Variety of aromatic rice;
Jori paat — Banyan leaf;
Jujona — Prelude of a bihu song;
Jur — Lighted torch;
Kaaj — Death ritual observed on the eleventh/ thirteenth/ one month;
Kahi — Dish;
Karmi — Workers;
Kati — An Assamese calendrical month;
Kehraj — A type of herb;
Kerahi — Pan;
Kesa mythoi — Unbaked rice flour balls;
Kesa pithaguri — Unbaked rice flour;
Kesheru — A type of tree;
Khaji — Eatables collected from the jungle;
Khar — Traditional alkaline water;
Kharahi — A type of bamboo basket;
Kharika — Split bamboo piece;
Khel — Clan;
Kheror jumuthi — Lighted braided wisp of straw;
Khoniya Kapur — Traditional cloth;
Khorom — Slippers made from wood;
Khuba Khubuni — A ritual during marriage function;
Khuliya — A person who plays the music instrument known as ‘Khul’;
Khundana — Small mortar for pounding things;
Koldil — Spadix of banana;
Kolosi — A vessel made from brass;
Kona himolu — A type of herb;
Konai — A ritual in puberty ceremony;
Koni Junj — A traditional game of hitting eggs of duck or hen during Bohag bihu;
KopahCotton;
Kopou — Dove;
Korkora bhat — Rice of the previous night;
Korobi — A kind of flower;
Kosu jaal — Custom of feeding the mother with taro leaves, peeper, fish or meat cooked together after the birth of a child;
Kosu — Taro plant;
Kotari — Knife;
Koupat — A type of leaf;
Kukur Xuta — Kind of wood;
Kukura junj — Kind of traditional game (Cock fight);
Kukura petu — Entrails of a hen;
Kumura — A Gourd variety;
Lakhimi ona — Custom of bringing the paddy to the house;
Lakhimi Singa — Custom related to harvesting;
Lakhuti — Walking stick;
Lau kha benega kha — Have gourd and brinjals;
Luka Luki — Hide and seek (A Folk game);
Maah Prasad — Offerings to a diety;
Maan daan — Custom of gifting different items during marriage;
Maar hour baper hour — Both mother and father are small in size;
Maas-bhat sua — A custom related to death where meal is served with fish;
Mahalaya — The day which heralds the advent of Goddess Durga to the earth;
Mahudi lota — A kind of herb;
Mala gatha — Process of making a garland;
Manda — A sword used for sacrificing;
Maral — Design made with rice powder;
Maralghor — Inner apartment of a house;
Mati Kanduri — A type of herb;
Mejenga — A type of herb;
Mekhela — Dress worn by woman in the lower part of the body;
Mera bhat — Fermented rice used for making rice beer;
Mesaki — A type of herb;
Methoni — Piece of cloth tied around the breast of a woman;
Mogu — A bean variety;
Mola — Round small earthen vessel;
Mridongiya — Use of a particular musical instrument called ‘Mridanga’;
Mukh loga mantro — Magical charms to get rid of evil eyes;
Mukhagni — Custom performed during cremation of a dead;
Mukhloga — Influence of evil eyes;
Naam kirtan — Group of devotees of God perform naam or prayers to God;
Na-guj-lua — Custom practiced before the cultivation work starts;
Nai — Umbilical chord;
Na-Purush — Ancestors upto ninth generation;
Narji — Marigold;
Nephaphu — A type of herb;
Nimakh — Salt;
Nolsunga — A type of reed can;
Nolor sungare dusunga — Two tubes measured by reed can;
Norohingho — A kind of medicinal plant;
Nuai Tuloni biya — Ceremony of puberty rites of a girl child;
Omora — Hog plum tree;
Ou tengaElephant apple;
Oza — Man who cures ailments by incantation;
Panipota — Eaves drop;
Panit pori nomoribi — Not to die by drowning;
Patidoi — Type of reed;
Patot diya pitha — A type of traditional rice cake wrapped in banana leaf;
Pengeri lata — A type of creeper herb;
Pepa — Traditional musical instrument;
Pera — Wooden box;
Petu — Entrails;
Phalguna — An Assamese calendrical month;
Pinda — Oblation to the deceased person;
Pira — Wooden stool;
Pithaguri — Rice flour;
Pitika — Mashed eatables;
Pokhoru tung — Lining of the cloth in which betel nut is carried;
Poroli — Covering made of grass or thatch;
Pota guti — A stone used for crushing eatables;
Pujari — Priest;
Pura kol — A banana variety usually used as vegetable;
Randhoni — Cook;
Randhoni ghor — Kitchen;
Rans — Reed of an Assamese loom;
Robab Tenga — A Citrus fruit variety;
Robha — Temporary roof for celebration;
Rohi mod — A variety of rice beer;
Sabah — Holy rituals;
Sai — Ash;
Saki — Earthen lamp;
Sakson — Kind of insect;
Sal — Place of worship;
Sandoh — Coarse powder of parched rice;
Sasthi — The sixth day of Durga puja;
Sati — Umbrella;
Sengeli maas — A type of fish;
Sesu — A sharp split piece of bamboo;
Sesur — A type of tree;
Sewa bhat — Steamed rice;
Shakti — Power;
Sua — Impurity;
Suddhi Sabah — Purification ceremony;
Sunga Sawal — Steamed rice made in bamboo can;
Sutal — Courtyard;
Tabiz — Amulet;
Tamul gos — Betel nut tree;
Tamul paan — Betel nut and leaf;
Tang guti — A kind of folk game;
Tel pitha — A variety of rice cake;
Thereju — A type of fruit;
Thuriya Tamul — Rolled up betel nut in betel leaf;
Til — Sesame;
Tilani — Death ritual observed on the 3rd day;
Tiphai — Altar;
Tithi — Anniversary;
Toi hobi bor bor goru — You grow to be a huge cow;
Tolxora mod — A variety of rice beer;
Tomal — Bamboo split used for tying bundle of paddy;
Tongloti paat — A type of leaf;
Tora — Kind of wild cardamon plant;
Tora pogha — A rope prepared from a tora plant to tie cattle;
Tum — A type of bamboo basket;
Tupula bondha — Custom of wrapping betel nut and leaf for a sacred purpose;
Ulu kher — A type of reed;
Uposthar — Male organ;
Uroni — Tradition of covering the head of a woman with a cloth;
Uruli — Shrilling sound made by woman in some rituals;
Vijaya Dashami — Tenth Day of Durga puja;
Xalita — Cotton used for lightning earthen lamp;
Xanti Jal — Purified water;
Xarana — Initiation into a particular religious faith;
Xarkota bon — Kind of grass;
Xereka — Traditional rice beer of Thengal Kacharis;
Xilikha — Terminalia Chebulla fruit;
Xohoya bon — Kind of grass;
Xorai — Tray mounted on a base;

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