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ESP [353] EST E-SPI'AL. See under EsPY. ES-PLA-NADE', n. (Fr.) an open space before a fortification-Qal'e ke samne ka maidan-Kot ke samne ka sam sthal, durg ke sanmukh ka sam sthal. E-SPOUSE', v. (L. e, sponsum) to betroth, to marry, to maintain- Byah ki nisbat ya mangni k., byah k., hami h., pushti d., taid k. - Vivahapratijna k., vivah ka vagdan k., vivah k., angikar k., anupalan k., pakshapat k., pakshapati h. E-SPOUSAL, n. the act of espousing, adoption, protection; pl. a contracting of marriage-Byah ki mangnih, ikhtiyar, qabul, himayat, parwarish, pushti, hifazat; pl. nikah, shadi-Vivah ka vagdan, vivahapratijna, vivahasambandh, grahan, swikar, anupalan, raksha, pakshapat; pl. vivah." E-SPOUSAL, a. relating to the act of espousing - Nikahi, shadi-mansub, shadi ke muta'alliq-Byahi, vivahit, vivahasambandhi, vivahavishayak. E-SPoUS'ER, n. one who espouses - Byah ki mangni k. w., nikah k. w., hami h. w., pushti d. w. ya k. w., taid k. w., qabul k. w. - Vivah ka vagdan k. w., vivah ki pratijna k. w., vivah k. w., rakshak, pakshapati, augikar k. w., anupalan k. w. E-SPY'. v. (Fr. epier) to see at a distance, to discover, to watch-Tafawut se dekhna, zahir k., nigah-bani k. - Dur se dekhna, dhunrh nikalna, pragat k., takna, chauki d. E-SPI'AL, n. a spy, observation, discovery-Jusus, nigah, mulahaza, inkishaf, ifshaBhediya, avalokan, alokan, alochan, prakasan, anusandhan. E-SPI'ER, n. one who watches as a spy-Jasus - Bhediya. Es'PI-O-NAGE, n. the practice of a spy-Jasusi-Bhediyapan. ES-QUIRE', n. (L. scutum) the attendant on a knight, a title of courtesy-Mumtaz sawar ka ham-rah ya mulazim, ek khitab jo murawwat ke ru se logon ko diya jata hai -Pratishthit ghurcharhe ka sevak, ek padavi jo sishtachar se logon ko di jati hai. ES-SAY', v. (Fr. essayer) to attempt-Koshish k., qasd k., azmana, kusna - Udyog k., cheshta k., pariksha k., tawna. Es'SAY, n. an attempt, a short treatise-Koshish, qasd, azmaish, risala- Udyog, cheshta, yatn, kisi vishay men lekhyabandh, lekhyaprasang. ES'SAY-ER, n. one who writes essays - Risala-navis-Lekhyanibandha, lekhyakarta. ES'SAY-IST, n. a writer of essays - Risala-navis, ek chhote risale ka musannif-Lekhyanibandha, lekhyarachak. ES'SENCE, n. (L. esse) the nature substance or being of any thing, existence, perfume, scent; v. to perfume, to scent-Jauhar, zat, khassiyat, mahiyat, wujud, nafs, asl, 'atr, khush-bu-dar chiz; v. mu'attar k., khush-bu-dar k. -Sar, mulavastu, bhaw, adhibhut, sattwa, asti, vas, sugandhidravya; v. sugandhi k., sugandhavisisht k., mahkana. ESSENTIAL, a. necessary to existence, very important, pure, highly rectified; n. being, a first principle, the chief point-Jauhari, asli, zati, zarur, bhari, khalis, bahut saf, nihayat latif; n. wujud, hasti, mabda, asl but-Atyavasyak, atiprayojanarh, avasyak , bara, pradhan, swachchh, nirmal, atisodhit; n. sattwa, asti, mul, tattwa, paramarth, pradhanarth. ES-SEN-TI-AL'I-TY, n. the state or quality of being essential-Asliyat, jauhar, zarurat, bhari-pana, safai, nihayat latafat- Atyavasyakata, avasyakata, barapan, pradhanatwa, swachchhata , atisodhitavastha. ES-SEN'TIAL-LY, ad. in an essential manner-Zararatan, bi-zati-hi, aslatun- Vastutah, Lavasyakarup se, tattwa se. ESSEN'TI-ATE, v. to become of the same essence - Ek hi jauhar ya zat ka h., ham-mahiyat ham -asl ya ham-khassiyat h.-Ek hi sar ka h., samanasar wa samanabhay h. ES -SOIN ', n. (L. ex, onus) excuse, exemption; v. to excuse, to release-'Uzr, mu'afi, rihai; v. mu'af k., khalas k., riha ya azad k. - Kshama prarthan, kshama, bachaw, chhutkara; v. kshama k., chhorna , mukt k. E-STABLISH, v. (L. sto) to settle firmly, to fix, to ratify, to confirm - Qaim k., muqarrar k., ta'aiyun k., bar-pa k., mazbut k., bahal rakhna, bar-qarar rakhna - Nirdharan k., khata k., sansthapan k., nirnay k., nischay k., thahrana, sthir k., drirh k., pramani k. E-STAB'LISH-ER, n. one who establishes-Qaim k. w., muqarrar k. w., bar-pa k. w., mazbut k. w., bahal rakhne w., bar-qarar rakhne w. - Nirdharan k. w., sansthapan k. w., khara k. w., nirnay k. w . , nischay k. w., sthir k. w., drirh k. w., pramani k. w. ESTAB'LISH-MENT, n. that which is established, fixed state, confirmation, settled regulation, foundation , income-Jo shai muqarrar hoti hai, basti, qiyam, taqarrur, ta'aiyun, bahali, bar-qarari, intizam, band-o-bast, bina, bunyad, mushahara, amad, tankhwah-Jo vastu sansthapit hoti hai, sansthapan, vyavasthapan, sansthithi, sthiti, drirhikaran, pramanikaran, vyavastha, nischit niyam, new, vetan, masik, prapti. ES -TA-FETTE', n. (Fr.) a military courier-Paltani harkara, jangi harkara-Yuddhavishayak dhavak dauraha wa dut. E-STATE', n. (L. statum) condition, property, rank, the government- Halat, hal, milk, amlak, miras, jae-dad, milkiyat , haqiyat, darja, martaba, sarkar, badshahat- 45