12. Shringara-kallola, a Love-poem by Rayabhatta

11. Shringara-kallola, a Love-poem by Rayabhatta and its Rare Manuscript dated A. D. 1602* Aufrecht records only one MS of a work called Srngara-Kallola by Rayabhatta vis. CC. III, 137 - " Peters, 6 p. 28." " This MS is identical with MS No. 362 of 1895-98 in the Govt. MSS Library at the B O. R. Institute, Poona. It consists of 11 folios (10 lines to a page, 36 letters to a line). The MS is written in Devanagari characters on country paper, which is old in appearance but well preserved. It begins' :- " om || sriganadhipataye namah || anunayati girise dvakyapavarttitamgyah sphatika bhavanabhittau tammukhemdum samiksya | punarabhivalitaya vismayasmera mukhya jayati girisutayah kopi drstiprasadah || 1 || anamrah prathamam krtagasa iva vyaparasunyastatha samruddha kilita iva viniryatah skhalatyapratah | kamarerbhayabhamgura iva mukham smeram sprsamtyah sanaih parvatya smarabamdhavo naca parihale drsah paramtu vah || 2 || " The MS ends :- " aham sasaivaham tadidamiti lokavyavahrtim na jane premanam paramiha tato napi viraham | * Adyar Library Bulletin, Vol. X, Part 3, pp. 185-188. 1. In the top-margin before the beginning of the text we find the following verse recorded in a slightly different hand-writing from that of the MS :- " adhare navavitikanurago nayane kajjalamujvalam dukulam | idamabharanam nitambininamitaram bhusanamangadusanani || 1 || " This verse is identical with verse 29 on p. 263 of subhasitaratnabhandagara, N. S. Press, Bombay, 1911. Evidently it has nothing to do with the text of the srrmgarakallola . (62)

rahasyam no janannikhilamidamanamganigamam mudhai bardairamgaih samasrjata devyah pasupatih || 103 || gumpho vacamasrnamadhuro malatinamiva stha- dartho vacyah prasaranaparah sammitah saurabhasya | bhavavamsa gorasa iva sastaddivahladahetu- male vasau sukaviracana kasya bhusam na dhatte || 104 || 63 63 iti srimahakavipamditasrimadraya bhattakrtam srrmgara kallolam nama kavyam sampurna || cha || || cha || || cha || samvat 1658 varse sravanasudi 9 bhaume lisitam mukumdena || srih || cha || " It is clear from the above colophon that the MS was copied by one Mukunda in Samvat 1658 = A D 1602. This date of the MS of the Srngara-Kallola of Rayabhatta enables us to conclude that Rayabhatta flourished definitely before A. D. 1602 or even before A. D. 1550. I have not come across any quotations from the Srngara-Kallola except the two verses mentioned as Rayabhatta ' s ( rayabhattasya ) in the anthology Padyaveni of Venidatta, who composed his Pancatattvaprakasika in A. D. 1644.' These two verses are Nos. 311 and 351 in the critical edition of the Padyaveni by Dr. J. B. Chaudhuri. They read as follows :Page 91- " 311 . ekanghri vinidhaya kantacarane tajjanudese param lilo dacitamadhyama karayugena ssbadhya tarakandharam | vaksastasya ghanonnata stanayugena''pidya gadham rasa- dasyam dhanyatamastha purna pulaka candranana cumbati || 2 || Page 102- " rayabhattasya " " 351 . prasthane sakunani santu satatam bhadram tavojjrmbhata- madayepsitamasu tatacaranambhojam samalokayeh | yace'ham vidhimatra hanta javinamapresaranam mama prananam priya masma bhuh pathi bhavadvislesa-laksmagamah || 1 || " rayabhattasya Dr. Chaudhuri states (p. 113 of Intro to Padyaveni) that these two verses appear to have been culled from this work viz. 66 1. Vide p. 79 of Payaveni (Introduction) ed. by J. B. Chaudhuri, Calcutta, 1944.

the Srngara-Kallola of Rayabhatta, a MS of which has been noticed by Peterson in his Sixth Report. This MS is identical with MS No. 362 of 1895- 98 described by me in this paper. I have verified Dr. Chaudhuri's surmise and found it correct. The text of the two verses reads as follows in the MS of the Srngara-Kallola dated A. D. 1602 before me. :folio 3-verse 15 " ekadhim vinidhaya kamtacarane tajjanudese param lilodamcitamadhyamakarayugenavarnya tatkamdharam | vaksastasya ghanonnatastanabharenapidya gadham rasa- folio 4 verse 27 dasyam dhanyatamasya purnapulaka camdranana cumbati || 15 || " " prasthane sakunani samtu satatam bhadram tavo'jjumbhata- madayepsitamasu tatacaranambhojam samalokayeh | yace'ham vidhimatra hamta javinamagresaranam mama prananam priya ma smabhutpathi bhavadvislesalaksmagamah || 27 || " ,, The identity of the two verses quoted as by Venidatta with those numbered 15 and 27 in the Srngara-Kallola of Rayabhatta' has now been clearly established. As Rayabhatta flourished long before A. D. 1602, the date of the MS of his Srngara-Kallola, it is natural that he should be quoted by a subsequent anthologist who flourished about A. D. 1644. In the colophon of the MS of the Srngara-Kallola before us Ravabhatta is called "fa" and his present poem is called " 'sukaviracana in the last verse 104. We must, therefore, search for any other works of this poet, if they can be traced in any libraries, private or public. For the present the B. O. R. Institute MS of the Srngara-Kallola remains as a unique MS of Rayabhatta's only available work. As this poem is written in a delightful style with elegant diction it deserves to be published early. I have, therefore, persuaded Prof. N. A. Gore of the S. P. College to edit it and I hope he will publish it in some journal at an early date. 1. Rayambhatta, author of mentioned by Aufrecht (CC. I, 526) is evidently a different person (from Rayabhatta the author of the Shringara-Kallola ).

" 12. A New Approach to the Date of Bhattoji Diksita* According to Dr. Saletore' Bhattoji Diksita is to be assigned to the last quarter of the Sixteenth and the first quarter of the Seventeenth Century "i. e. between A. D. 1575 and 1625. According to Rao Bahadur Bambardekar Bhattoji Diksita was born about A. D. 1570 and died about A. D. 1635. * Annals of S. V. Oriental Institute, Tirupati, 1940, Vol. I, pp. 117-127. 1. Vide Karnatak Historical Review (January-July 1937):-"No evidence is forth-coming to suggest that Bhattoji Diksita was a Senvi Brahmin. As regards the age in which he lived we learn from the opening verses of Tattva - Kaustubha that he wrote it at the order of Keladi VenkaTendra (Keladi Venkatendrasya nirdesat Vidusam mude). (Read Hultzsch, Report on Sanskrit Mss of South India, II, Intro. Pp. xii, 122, Madras, 1895-1896). The ruler Venkatendra mentioned here is to be identified with king Venkatapa Nayak I, who ruled from A. D. 1582 till A. D. 1629 (Rice: Mysore and Coorg from the Inscriptions, p. 157). King Venkatapa Nayak was noted for the patronage he gave to learned men (Read Keladi Basavaraja, Sivatattvaratnakara, Kallola VI, Taranga XIII. Ed. by B. Ramarao and Sundara Sastri, Mangalore, 1927; cf. S. K. Aiyangar, Sources of Vijayanagar History, p. 345). He himself seems to have composed a commentary in Sanskrit on the Siva Gita of Padmapurana (Trien. Cata. of Mss in the Govt. Ori. Mss Library, Madras, p. 2623). We have, therefore, to assign Bhattoji Diksita, who calls himself the son of Srimad-vidvan-mukuta-manikya Laksmidhara Bhatta in the Tattva-Kaustubha to the last quarter of the Sixteenth and the first quarter of the Seventeenth Century A. D. " 2. Vide p. 349 of Bhattoji-diksita, 1939 (Bombay). On p. 341 the author makes the following remarks about the chronology of Sesakrsna, Appaya Diksita, Bhattoji and Jagannatha Panditaraya:- "The are no satisfactory means of determining definitely the chronology of Sesakrsna, Appaya, Bhattoji and Jagannatha. The (Continued on next page) (65) S.I.L.H.5

propose now to point out some facts regarding Bhattoji's date, which have not been recorded either by Dr. Saletore or Rao Bahadur Bambardekar but which go to support the probable chronology for Bhattoji given by them. It appears that an author of some some Vedanta works called Nrsimhasrama' was the guru of Bhattoji Dilksita and that one of this guru's works was commented upon by Bhattoji. According to (Continued from the previous page) descendants of Appaya state that he lived from A. D. 1554 to 1626 (72 years) while other writers state that he flourished between A. D. 1520 and 1593. Sesakrsna lived before A. D. 1600 while Jagannatha is supposed to have lived before A. D. 1660. The period of Jagannatha's literary activity is given as A. D. 1630 - 1660. There is a Ms of Jagannatha's Citramimamsakhandana dated A. D. 1652 1653, from which it appears that the present belief of Jagannatha's direct opposition to Appaya is baseless. Bhattoji is said to have lived from A. D. 1576 to A. D. 1634 or 1640 or 1650. If we base our arguments regarding the rivalry between Bhatttoji and Appaya on the several dates given above we are inclined to think that some of the present beliefs regarding the relations of these two writers are positively baseless as they give rise to anachronisms. Hence we must rely on documentary evidence only in our investigation of this problem." 1. Vide p. 353 of Bambardekar's Bhattoji Diksita. On p. 305 some information about Nrsimhasrama is recorded:- Tw nrsimhasrama was the guru of Bhattoji. Bhattoji composed a commentary called vivarana on the work tattvaviveka of nrsimhasrama . This very nrsimhasrama was the guru of Rangoji bhatta, the younger brother of Bhattoji. Rangoji in his work, advaitacimtamani refers to nrsimhasrama as guru ( " taduktam sri nrsimhasrama- gurucaranaih " ) Aufrecht (CC I. 305) makes the following entry about and his works in his Catalogue :- sramah- nrsimhasrama pupil of girvanendrasarasvati and jagannathasrama guru of narayana- (1) advaitadipika ; (2) advaitapancaratna (Oppert, 5878); (3) advaitabodha- dipika (Oppert. 4808); (4) advaitaratnakosa ; ( 5 ) advaitavada ( K. 114 ) ; ( 6 ) tattvabodhini samksepasarirakatika ; (7) tattvaviveka Completed at purusottamapura in 1547; (8) pancapadikavivaranaprakasika ; (9) bhedadhikkara ; ( 10 ) vacarambhana (Hall p. 137); (11) B. 4.96. See above " tattvaviveka,

Rao Bahadur Bambardekar the name of this commentary' is tatvaviveka- vivarana while according to Aufrecht its name is tatvavivekadipana- vyakhya or tatvavivekatika-vivarana . The colophon of a MS of tatvavivekadipana dated A. D. 1618 states that this work was composed by (folio 147-MS No. 566 of 1886-92) while Hall states that atafa² is a commentary on the tatvaviveka of nrsimhasrama by an unnamed disciple. In the list of Bhattoji's works recorded by Bambardekar (p. 354) we find the entry " tatvavivekadipanavyakhya ." If we are to believe in the testimony of the colophon of A. D. 1618 which clearly states that the work was composed by nrsimhasrama, the work tatvavivekadipana is a work of Ta himself and that Bhattoji wrote a commentary on this work of his guru. It is, however, stated by Dr. Das Gupta in his History of Indian Philosophy that N ( = nrsimhasrama ) was a teacher of Bhattoji Diksita" and that Bhattoji wrote the €6 1. Aufrecht (CC I, 220) records the following Mss of this. commentary :- " tatvavivekadipanavyakhya or tatvavivekakavivarana or vakyamala by Bhattoji. Hall, p. 156, K. 120." Hall, (p. 156) records a Ms of af which is a tatvavivekadipana tary on the tatvaviveka of nrsimhasrama by an unnamed disciple. Some dates of Mss recorded by Hall may be noted here :A. D. 1615 Ms of Hall p. 155 ). commen off dated Samvat 1671. A. D. 1676 Date of a Ms of Bhatto ji's asacanirnaya ( Hall, p. 156 ) dated Samvat 1733. A. D. 1735 Date of a Ms of Bhatttoji's fa (Hall p. 156). - A. D. 1618 B. O. R. Institute Ms No. 566 of 1886-92 of tatvavivekadipana was copied in Samvat 1674. It ends - " iti srimadvedamtasiddhamtasarabhijnasrimannrsimhasramamunipranite tatva- vivekadipane dvitiyah paricchedah | vedasvarasabhuganye hayane vikramarkatah | sucikrsna dvitiyayam vasare gurusamjnite | purnanamdasramenaitalikhitam svestasiddhaye etc. " 2. Aufrecht makes the following entry about (CCI, 220 ) - " tatvavivekadipana by a pupil of nrsimhasrama (narayanasrama ? ). W. p. 182., Hall, p. 156, K. 118. Ben. 83, Radh. 5. NP. III, 122. Oppert II, 9394." iti 3. Ms of a No. 566 of 1886-92-Folio 98. srivedamta siddhamtasarabhijna srimannrsimhasramamunipranite tatvavivekadipane prathamaparikredah A similar colophon for 2 nd Pariccheda occurs:on folio 147. 4. Vol. II (1932), p. 54. "

" vedantatatvadipana- vyakhya which is a commentary on the commentary tatvavivekadipana of narayanasrama (a pupil of nrsimhasrama ) on the latter's work, vedantatatvavivake ." Whether the tatvavivekadipana is the work of nrsimhasrama or of his pupil narayanasrama, its MS of A. D. 1618 should naturally have a special value for us in considering the chronology of nrsimhasrama and his pupils ( 1 ) narayanasrama and (2) bhattojidiksita, who were evidently contemporaries of each other and junior contemporaries of their common guru nrsimhasrama, who composed his aaaa in A. D. 1547' as stated by Aufrecht. The chronological relation of these two pupils with their guru may be represented as follows:pupil....... (1 ) bhattoji If fr nrsimhasrama living in A. D. 1547 (MS of his aaaa dated A. D. 1615) .pupil 12) narayanasrama [MS of his tika on his guru's tatvaviveka is dated A.D. 1618].2 was living in A. D. 1547 as proved by the date of composition of his ata we are unable to accept the date A. D. 1500 for c given by Dr. Das Gupta, and the period of N's 1. The B. O. R. Institute Ms of rafa (No. 278 of 1895-98) contains the chronogram of the date of composition viz. Samvat 1604- adve vedaviyadrasenduganite pausasite sridine | rakso namani purusottamapure gramthe mudacikarat || " 2. narayanasrama 's commentary on nrsimhasrama 's bhedadhikara is represented by a dated Ms (No. 123 of A 1883-84) in the Govt. Mss Library). It was copied in Samvat 1710 ( = A. .D. 1654) at Benares. 3. History of Indian Philosophy, Vol. II (1932), p. 216-" Nrsimhasrama Muni (A. D. 1500) was a pupil of Girvanendra Sarasvati and Jagannathasrama and teacher of Narayanasrama who wrote a commentary on his Bhedadhikkara. He wrote many works etc." If a work like Tattvaviveka is composed by its author in A. D. 1547 we may at the best suppose that he was born about A. D. 1500 but his literary activity must be presumed to lie a few years either way from A. D. 1547 i. e. say between A. D. 1530 and 1560 or so. (Continued on next page)

literary activity must be assigned to the middle of the 16 th century say between A. D. 1530 and 1560 and consequently the literary activity of his pupils Bhattoji (=B) and Narayanasrama (NA) must lie in the last quarter of the 16 th Century i. e. between A. D. 1575 and 1600. This inference harmonizes with the date A. D. 1618 in which year a MS of N's pupil's work came to be written as we have seen above. It is also possible to suppose that this pupil was living when the Ms was copied in A. D. 1618, though his guru H may not have lived upto A. D. 1618. There are dated Mss.' of Bhattoji's works in some of the (Continued from previous page) The date "A. D. 1500" for Nrsimhasrama has also been given by Pt. Siddheswar Shastri Chitrav in his Madhyayugina Caritrakosa pp. 501 (1937). 1. Vide Indic Mss in American Libraries by Dr. H. Poleman (American Ori. Society) 1939. Dr. Poleman records the following dated Mss of Bhattoji's works:by asaucaprakarana Page 152-A. D. 1664 (Samvat 1720) (Ms. No. 3029). A. D. 1677 - 1 (Samvat 1733) (Ms No. 3026). cf. A. D. 1676-date of Hall's MS of this work. Page 155-A. D. 1754-fafafa (Samvat 1810) (Ms No. 3102) (cf. A. D. 1735-date of Hall's Ms of this work). In a work called (Ms No. 143 of 1902-1907) composed in Samvat 1719 (-A. D. 1663) we find a reference to (of Bhattoji):- folio 61- " iti sutre ca sabdakaustubhe ca . " Bhattoji wrote a voluminous commentary on Panini's Astadhyayi. The Boldeian Library contains a Ms of Bhattoji's dated Samvat 1732 (= A. D. 1676)-Vide p. 286 (Ms No. 1514) of Catalogue Vol. II (Winternitz and Keith) Oxford, 1905. The following dated Mss of the Praudhamanorama of Bhattoji Diksita at the B. O. R. Institute are important for Bhattoji's chronology:No. 657 of 1883-84-Samvat 1713-A. D. 1657. No. 331 of 1895-1902-Samvat 1708-A. D. 1652. A Ms of Siddhantakaumudi (No. 36 of 1907-15) is dated Samvat 1727=A. D. 1671.

Mss Libraries in India and outside. They are dated A. D. 1664, 1676, 1677, 1735, 1754 etc. These dates would enable us to state that Bhattoji flourished before A. D. 1650. This limit does not, however, help us very much in the matter of Bhattoji's chronology. Hara Prasad Shastri, however, gives us a surer criterion to fix the age of Bhattoji to whom and to whose son, Vatsa-Raja salutes in his work called the Varanasidarpanaprakasika' composed in Samvat 1698 ( = A. D. 1642 ). A still better criterion for fixing the limit for Bhattoji's date is furnished by the date of composition of a work called sabdasobha by nilakamtha sukla, a pupil of bhattoji ( " bhattojidiksitachatrah ")2 This date is Samvat 1693 or 66 1. Vide, p. 175 of Descriptive Catalogue of Kavya Mss (Vol. VII), Calcutta ( A. S. B. ), 1934. - varanasidarpana prakasika - The author and the commentator of this work are one and the same person vatsaraja . The text is not yet found. It was composed in Samvat 1698 ( samvat sodasastanavatitame varse ) as appears from the commentary on the last Herein lies the importance of the Ms under notice as affording a surer criterion to fix the age of Bhattoji Diksita to whom and to whose son the author salutes at the beginning as his gurus. verse. " Dr. Belvalkar (Systems of Sanskrit Grammar, p. 48 ) states that satvaraja a disciple of viresvara ( = bhanuji ) son of bhattoji diksita wrote in 1641 A. D. I believe that this satvaraja is the same as vatsaraja the author of the varanasidarpana prakasika . 2. Ms of sabdasobha (No. 183 of A 1882-83) ends as follows :- " 'suklajanardanaputro vachacaryasya dauhitrah | abhyastasabdasastro bhattojirdaksitachatrah || 1|| mahasi praptanijajanma kavinitasarma nirmitamenam | vinirmame saivah || 2 || yadyapi khala baha loci nadrsaklesastadapyesah | tusyatu tadeva tejo vilasati yasya prasadoyam || 3 || trinavasadekamadvetikramte vikramadityat | sivaratrau sivapadayornijakrtiradhayi nilakamthena || iti sri nilakamthakavikalpita sabdasobha samaptimagamat || srih || samvat 1736 varse bhadrapadavadi 7 induvasare likhitam krsnadasena | gurjara godavali etc. " This Ms was copied in Samvat 1736 = A. D. 1680. The verses recorded above which contain the parentage of the author and the chronogram (tri nava sada eka = Samvat 1693) are not found in two other Mss of sabdasobha in Govt. Mss Library at the B. O. R. Institute viz.:No. 494 of 1884-87 and No. 84 of 1866-68.

A. D. 1637 and hence 5 years earlier than Vatsaraja's work of A. D. 1642.1 We are now in a position to fix two sure limits to Bhattoji's date viz. A. D. 15472 when his guru a composed his aaaa at g and A. D. 1637, when his pupil (1) composed his work. Bhattoji must stand chronologically midway between his guru and his pupil as shown below:- nrsimhasrama → pupil pupil bhattoji - (wrote a in A. D. 1547 Ms dated 1615-and another work in 1558 A. D.) pupil nilakamtha sukla ( wrote -Ms dated sabdasobha in A. D. 1637 A. D. 1680.) Now the exact period of Bhattoji's life can be determined only if we can determine the exact periods of the lives of fc and a. I shall now tabulate some of the present views regarding Bhattoji's date :- 1. Dr. Saletore's view A. D. 1575-1625 This view depends on the identification of Keladi Venkatendra with Venkatapa Nayak I (A. D. 1582- 1629) Karnatak Hist. Review, 1937 - 2. Rao Bahadur Bambardekar's A. D. 1570-1635 Vide page 349 of "Bhattoji Diksita" (1939) view 3. Prof. P. V. Kane's view i. A.D. 1575-1650 P. 716 of History of Dharmasastra, Vol. I do do ii. A.D. 1560-1620 P. 517 iii. First half of the P. 454 seventeenth century " 1. Aufrecht (CCI, 395) states that Bhattoji Diksita "is quoted by nilakamtha in the acaramayukha . According to Prof. P. V. Kane a's literary career falls between A. D. 1610 and 1645 (Hist. of Dharma. I, 440). If the exact date of is determined it will give us a more exact limit to Bhattoji's date than what is furnished by the period A. D. 1610-1645 to which the 31 evidently belongs. 66 2. Prof. B. N. Krishnamurthi Sarma states that Nrsimhasrama wrote one of his works in 1547 and another in 1558" (Vide p. 666 of NIA-Jan. 1940). This statement is against the date A. D. 1500 for Nrsimhasrama given by Dr. Das Gupta and supports my view about Bhattoji's date recorded in this paper.

. Dr. S. K. Belvalkar's view About A. D. 1630 Vide pp. 46-7 of Systems of Sanskrit Grammar (1915) 5. Prof. S. P. Cha- C. 1600 A. D. turvedi's view 6. Dr. A. B. Keith's view 7. Dr. M. Winternitz's view P. 742 of Mysore Oriental Conference Proceedings, 1935 Seventeenth cen- P. 430 (fn. 4) of History of tury Sanskrit Literature (1928) About A. D. 1625 History of Indian Literature (German) Vol. III, p. 394 The above table shows the unstable state of Bhattoji's chrono. logy. We have, however, indicated in this paper two sure dates on the strength of which the period of Bhattoji's life can be determined. As Bhattoji's pupil Nilakantha Sukla' wrote a work in A. D. 1637 after having studied Grammar under Bhattoji (34- : : ) we may allow a period of about 20 years between this pupil and Bhattoji. On the other hand if we allow a period of 20 years between Bhattoji and his guru Nrsimhasrama who wrote a work in A. D. 1547 the period of Bhattoji's life would be "A. D. 1557 to A. D. 1627 "i.e. a period of 70 years. This period arrived at on the strength of the dates of Bhattoji's guru and pupil gives independent corroboration to the following views of scholars regarding Bhattoji's age :- 1. On p. 454 of P. V. Kane's History of Dharmasastra I, (1930) we read "Nilakantha Sukla wrote a work in Samvat 1663. Here 1663" is a misprint for "1693 ". 66 Vide., Cata. of Vyakarana Mss (A. S. B., Calcutta, 1931) Vol. VI, Preface, p. CV ff. March 1514 - Birth of Narayanabhatta, whose son: Sankarabhatta was the guru of bhattoji . A. D. 1586 Death of Raja Vira-vala. c the guru of H wrote his at the request of this Raja for the education of his son kalyana ( Prakriyaprakasa, v. 35 ). Perhaps kalyana and bhattoji read together. About A. D. 1580- finished his education. A. D. 1636-Composition of HT (Leipzig Cata. 760) by nilakamtha * a direct disciple of H. M. M. Haraprasad Shastri states that the date "A. D. 1630" given by Dr. Belvalkar for Bhattoji is wrong.

DIKSITA. (1) P. V. Kane-" A. D. 1560-1620"-60 years.. (2) B. A. Saletore-" A. D. 1575-1625"- 50 50 years. (3) W. A. Bambardekar-" A. D. 1570-1635 "- 65 years. 73 I agree with Sir R. G. Bhandarkar's view regarding Bhattoji's date' in so far as he states that "Bhattoji lived after the third quarter of the 16 th Century" but it is difficult to agree with him when he states that "Bhattoji's literary activity must have begun at the earliest about the year 1631 A. D. i. e. he might safely be understood to have flourished about the middle of the Seventeenth Century." If this conclusion is accepted it is difficult to reconcile it with the facts recorded in this paper and in particular with the fact that Bhattoji's guru Nrsimhasrama composed one of his works in A. D. 1547. To make Bhattoji of A. D. 1650 a contemporary of his senior of A. D. 1547 would be allowing him a span of life exceeding even the normal span of three score years and ten. " " We have taken A.D. 1637 (= Samvat 1693) as the later terminus for Bhattoji's date but I think, we can push back this limit to A. D. 1633 (Samvat 1689) which is the date of a Ms² of Bhattoji's recorded by M.M. Haraprasad Sastri. If this date is genuine we have before us the earliest dated Ms³ of Bhattoji's 1. R. G. Bhandarkar: Report (1883-84), Bombay, 1887, p. 51 Bhandarkar states that in the Bhattoji mentions several authors and works :- anantabhatta, apararka, kaladarsa, jyotirnibamdha, tristhalisetu, narayana, narayanavrtti on asvalayana, nirnayadipika, nirnayamrta, prthvicamdrodaya, pratapamartamda, prayogaparijata, bhargavarcanacandrika, madanaparijata, madhava, ramarcanacandrika, visvarupanibandha, sarvajna- narayana, smrticandrika, smrtidarpana, smrtiratnavali, smrtisamgraha, smrtyarthasara, haradatta, hemadri . " tristhalisetu is a work of narayanabhatta . The dates of this author given by Prof. Kane are about A. D. 1550-1560." (Vide., p. 556 of Hist. of Dharma. I). 2. Cata. of Grammar Mss (A. S. B. Calcutta, 1931) p. 11" 4224 A - The same (=bya), sabda kaustubha by bhattojidiksita ), country-made paper, 9 x 4 inches. Folia 44-lines 13 on a page; character, Nagara. "Date Samvat 1689. Appearance old." The Ms contains the 3 rd adhyaya upto the end of the 3 rd ahnika of the 2 nd pada." 3. We have already referred to other dated Mss of Bhattoji's works bearing the dates A. D. 1652, 1657, 1664, 1671, 1676, 1677 etc.

Sabdakaustubha and consequently we can adjust Bhattoji's period of life and literary activity between or about two sure chronological outposts viz. A. D. 1547 and A. D. 1633-a period of 86 years. As s result of the data recorded in the present paper we get the following series :- nrsimhasrama A. D. 1547-1558 pupil bhattoji (Ms of his sabdakaustubha is dated A. D. 1633). pupil nilakamtha A. D. 1637 I shall close this paper by recording below the chronological data about Bhattoji referred to in the foregoing paragraphs:A. D. 1500 Date of Bhattoji's guru Nrsimhasrama according to Dr. Das Gupta. 1547 -Nrsimhasrama wrote Tattvaviveka at Purusottamapura and another work in A. D. 1558. 1615 -Date of a Ms of Tattvaviveka referred to by Hall. 1618-B. O. R. Institute Ms of Tattvaviveka dipana by Narayanasrama, pupil of Nrsimhasrama. 1633 -Date of a Ms of Bhattoji's Sabdakaustubha (R. A. S. Bengal). 1637 Bhattoji's pupil Nilakantha writes Sabdasobha. - 1642-Reference to Bhattoji by Vatsaraja. 1652-Date of Ms of Praudhamanorama of Bhattoji (at the B. O. R. Institute). 1657- - -Do- 1663-Bhattoji's Sabdakaustubha mentioned by Laksmana pandita in his Advaitasudha. 1664-Ms of Bhattoji's Asaucaprakarana (in America). 1671-Ms (B. O. R I.) of Bhattoji's Siddhantakaumudi. 1676-Ms of Bhattoji's Asaucanirnaya referred to by Hall. 1677-Ms of Asaucanirnaya (in America).