54, 54. Date of Jagaddhara, the Commentator of the Malatimadhava

54. Date of Jagaddhara, the Commentator of the Malatimadhava and other works—Between A. D. 1300 and 1400 ± # According to Aufrecht,' Jagaddhara composed the following works mentioned against his name :- " jagaddhara - - Son of Ratnadhara, son of Vidyadhara, son of Gadadhara, son of Ramadhara (Ramesvara), son of Vedadhara (Vedesvara), son of Candesvara - devimahatmyatika . 2 - - bhagavadgitapradipa, L 2138 (CC I, 392 ). malatimadhavatika . 3 - rasadipika meghadutatika, L 1966. I Journal of the University of Bombay, Vol. IX, Part 2, pages 116-125 . 1. CC I, 195-Aufrecht makes the following entry regarding the namesake of jagaddhara who was also son of ratnadharah- 66 , son of Ratnadhara, grandson of Gauradhara, of Kashmir: apasabdanirakarana gr. balabodhini katantravrtti quoted by Ratnakantha on Stutikusumanjali 5, 6," 2. CC I, 261 - " L 2400, - Oudh VIII, 4 ,,} See also India Office MS No. 3566. 3. CC I, 453-"IO 158, 943, 1316. Oxf, 136 a- Ben. 37. L 2137 K 72 -B 2, 120 Oudh X, 6. - - - Burnell 170 b · Buhler 554. _" Govt. Ori. Libr., Madras, 69" -"A K 545 (inc. ). Bd 437" - 364 CC II CC III

- tatvadipini ' vasavadatta tika quoted by Sivarama on Vasavadatta. - venisamharatika ' - ( N. S. Edn . ) Jagaddhara also composed the following works in addition to those recorded above:- 3 meghadutatika, mudraraksasatika, sarasvatikanthabharanatika, ( N. S. Edn. ); samgita sarvasva, gitagovimdatika . ' - 1. CC I, 566" Oxf. 156 b, L 1981, Ben 35, K 76, Burnell 162 a, Oppert II, 2291, 2746, 3797, 4145, 6009." See also Adyar II, p. 2 a; Madras Des. Cata. 12421, 12422; Tanjore Des. Cata. 4017-19; Asiatic Society of Bengal, VII, 5387. 2. CC I, 603,-"I. O. 1503, W. p. 163, Oxf. 146 a, K 74. 3. Vide, Auf. CC I, 466-"" by Jagaddhara, L 1966. 4. Madras Triennial Cata. R. No. 3768 (1919-1922-Part IV 1928) in Devanagari characters. 66 "Stein 64, 275 (pariccheda 4 )." 5. Vide, Auf., CC II, 167 Dr. V. Raghavan informs me: Jagaddhara has commented on Bhoja's sarasvatikanthabharana . Kavyamala edition of this work contains his commentary for Ch. IV. The first three chapters of the work in the edition carry a commentary by one. I am very much inclined to think that this is none else than Jagaddhara's own father. " dhara " and " isvara " both occur as suffixes : eg., ratnadhara or ratnesvara and or ( in Jagaddhara's genealogy). If that were really so, we know that ratnesvara wrote his commentary on the sarasvatikanthabharana at the command of king ramasimha and our identification of this king ramasimha might help to fix Jadgaddhara's date." 6. Vide, infra- my remarks on samgitasarvasva . 7. jagaddhara wrote a commentary on the gitagovinda of jayadeva . There are 4 MSS of this commentary in Maithili characters recorded as Nos. 41 and 41 A, 62 and 118 in the Catalogue of Mithila MSS (Vol. II, 1933, Behar and Orissa Res. Soc., Patna), pp. 45, 66 and 121. No. 41 is dated Saka 1699 = A. D. 1777. No 41 A is dated Saka 1681 =A. D. 1759. Jagaddhara states that he has used many. (Continued on next page).

According to the statement in the Madras Triennial Catalogue,' Jagaddhara's " other works are vaidyasarvasva, vasantotsavakavya, samgita sarvasva and candikatippani . " 4 Mr. Krishnamachariar records the following information about Jagaddhara :- " vasamtotsava (a lyrical poem ) by jagadara (son of Ratnadhara who also wrote Sangitasarvasva and commentary on mudraraksasa )."." (Continued from previous page) earlier commentaries on the Gitagovinda in the preparation of this commentary :- " nanatikassamalokya vicintya suciram hrda | gitagovindatokeyam kriyate srijagaddharaih || " ( v. 2. ) See also Madras MSS Cata. Vol. XX (1918) p. 7997 - MS No. 11966 (saradipika on gitagovimda ) in Canarese characters and MS No. 11967 of the same work in Telugu. See also MS R. No. 16057. 1. Part IV (1928), p. 5578- remarks on MS No. 3768. 2. No MS of is recorded in catalogues. 3. No MS of this work is known. 4. In the c (Madras MS R No. 3768, p. 5379) refers to his candikatippani ( " tasya srisajagaddharasya kavituh sricandikatippani- kartuh . " etc. " 5. Classical Sans. Literature, Madras 1937. " 6. Ibid. p. 357 Dr. V. Raghavan informs me that "Jagaddhara in his commentary on the mudraraksasa quotes the work vasamtarajasakuna written under of Mithila. This may help to fix some date. According to Aufrecht (CC I, 556) vasamtarajabhatta, son of vijayaraja, younger brother of sivaraja, wrote sakunarnava or sakuna by request of camdradeva of mithila . As is quoted by Mallinatha (about A. D. 1425) it must have been composed before A. D. 1350 or so. Professor H. D. Velankar states: "Vasantaraja's Sakuna was used in his (begun in 1168 A. D. ) by King Ballalasena of Gauda who had also written his Danasagara in that same year", -(p. 130 of B. B. R. A. S. MSS Cata. I, 1925 ). If this statement is correct, we get about 1150 A. D. as one limit to the date. of . King " camdradeva (Continued on next page) "

" venisamhara, commentary by jagaddhara ( Ed. Poona ). For his genealogy given here, see also in XXI, 8332. He was the son of Ratnadhara and grandson of Vidyadhara, all learned in the Sastras. He held two umbrellas as a man of scholarship. His poetry is excellent as seen from introductory verses to his commentary on Vasavadatta and Malatimadhava.'' ' 66 jagaddhara was son of Ratnadhara and lived somewhere about 15 th Century, A. D. He commented on Sarasvati-Kanthabharana and Malatimadhava and other plays and wrote Sivastotra and Sangitasarvasva." 2 rucipati The Sangitasarvasva is "quoted profusely by and raghavabhatta '3. (Continued from previous page) of Mithila referred to by Aufrecht has probably his origin in Peter- " wrote son's remark (Ulwar Cata. p. 84, No. 1977) that the author, by request of camdradeva of mithila . The stanza referring to the King reads as follows in the IO Cata. V, 1896, p. 1109 :- " " 'abhyarthito'tiyatnat krtabahumanena vamgadevena | vyaracayadasau tadartham sakunamanyopakrtaye ca || 5 || " vamgadevena Variants corresponding to "and" in the above stanza in the MSS examined by me from the B. O. R. Institute (Govt. MSS Library) may be noted below:- (1) No. 58 of 1869-70, dated Saka 1599 ( = A. D. 1677), folio 1 reads " vamgadevena . " (2) No. 314 of Vis. I reads "" (3) No. 347 of 1879-80, dated Samvat 1561 (= A. D. 1505), " reads " camgadevena . " These readings throw some doubt on Mithila. " 66 Peterson's camdradeva of 1. Classical Sans. Literature (Krishnamachariar), p. 614. 2. Ibid. p. 863, Section 1023. 3. Ibid. p. 863, footnote 3. Aufrecht (CC I, 686) states that Sangitasarvasva is quoted by Jagaddhara on after and by Vasudeva on Karpuramanjari. On p. 114 of Jagaddhara's commentary on Venisamhara (N. B. Godbole, Poona ), we read taduktam samgita sarvasve- (Continued on next page) 66

have proved in my paper' on Raghavabhatta that he flourished between A.D. 1475 and 1500. If, therefore, he quotes profusely from a work called the c and if this work is identical with the one represented by the Nepal MS described by M. M. Hara Prasad Shastri, in his Preface to the Nepal MSS catalogue, we may fix A.D. 1475 as one terminus to the date of Jagaddhara.² (Continued from previous page) prasastapadavinyasa, etc. ". Jagaddhara in his commentary on the sarasvati- (Kavuamala, 1934- K. M. 94) mentions as his own work (p. 546). " taduktam matsamgita sarvasve 1 - - madhurakuscitantaca sabhruksepa ca sasmita | samanmathavikaraca drstih sa lalita mata || iti "" (Dr. V. Raghavan has noted this reference on p. 19 of Later Sangita Literature Jour. of Music Academy, Madras). M. M. Hara Prasad Shastri records a MS of in his Cata. of Nepal MSS (Calcutta, 1905), p. xlii (Preface )':- " Sangitasarvasva, p. 67, No. 1536, in Newari character. The work was known only in quotations (see p. 686 b, CC I). It quotes from the following works :- samgamtavalli, samgitasekhara, natayalacana, samgitakalpavrksa, dasarupa, ratnakasa and bharata . The work is by jagaddhura who quotes it in his commentary on venisamhara . " " " Jagaddhara quotes this very verse in his commentary (p. 53-1876) on the Malatimadhava introducing it as yadaha . Dr. Raghavan informs me that samgatasavasva is quoted by jagaddhara frequently in his mudraraksasa- , Madras MS (pp. 6, 14, 24, 124, 132 and 156). It is also quoted by him in his sarasvatikamthabharanavyakhya . 1. See Calcutta Oriental Journal, III, pp. 177-184. Raghavabhatta in his commentary on the Sakuntala (p. 4 of M. R. Kale's Edn., 1913) quotes from the Sangitasarvasa :- " samgitasavasve tathokteh - vartaniyataya sutram prathamam yena sucyate | - rangabhumim samakramya sutradharah sa ucyate || iti ' 6 "" 2. The author ff who is said to quote profusely (in . raghavatika ) from the samgitasarvasva of jagaddhara wrote under the patronage of a of Mithila about the end of the 15 th century (vide, p. 245 of Hara Prasad Shastri's Cata. of Kavya MSS, Vol. VII, (R. A. (Continued on next page) "

Sir R. G. Bhandarkar in his edition of the Malatimadhava (1875 ) with Jagaddhara's commentary gives us two sure limits for the date of Jagaddhara, viz., (1) A.D. 1111, the date of Visva or Visvaprakasa lexicon quoted by Jagad dhara and (2) a dated MS of Jagaddhara's commentary on the Malatimadhava bearing the date A.D. 1708 and between these two points he tries to fix the following chronological series :- --- (A.D. 1111 ) visva → mallinatha medinikara jagaddhara malatimadhavatika by jagaddhara (A.D. 1708 ). - • MS of I now find another dated MS' of Jagaddhara's commentary on the Malatimadhava bearing the date Samvat 1721 = A.D. 1665. We have, therefore, to fix Jagaddhara's date between A. D. 1111 and A.D. 1665. We have seen above that Raghavabhatta (A.D. 1475-1500 ) quotes from a work called the samgitasavasva which is presumably identical with the # of Jagaddhara represented by the Nepal MS. If this identity is correct, we are in a position to take (Continued from previous page) S. B., Calcutta, 1934). rucipati appears to have been a contemporary of raghavabhatta who also quotes from jagaddhara 's samgita sarvasva . If the work samgitasarvasva quoted by these two contemporaries is identical with that of jagaddhara, we may fix A. D., 1450 or so as one terminus to the date of this com mentator of the malatimadhava . 1. Videp. 244 of Kavya MSS - Vol. VII, by Hara Prasad Shastri ; R. A. S. Bengal, Calcutta, 1934. MS No. 5300.- " samvat 1721 varse kartika vadi 4 astami dine ravivare | sakalapamdita cakravartticudamanipandita sri 19 santivimalagani tat sisyagagikalyanavimalena alekhi || va || campavati nagarimadhye . " 2. Vide p. 67 of Cata. of Nepal MSS by H. P. Shastri and Bendall, Calcutta, 1905 :- 66 sangitasarvasvam | ( anta khanditam ) jagaddharakrtam | aksara-nevari | | prarambhavakyam | om namo nrtyanathaya | L.H.1.8.24 svargangayamani pathiyati taliddipayati dyostalam natyadarpanasangitavallisangita sekharam | natyalocanasangitakalpavrksau nirupayan || dasarupam ratnakosam bharatoktadikam tatha | sangita sarvasvamidam tanoti srijagaddharah || " ityadi

back the date of Jagaddhara from A.D. 1665' to A.D. 1450 or so. We have now to see if we can push back this date earlier than A.D. 1450. Jagaddhara appears to have composed a work called as in his commentary on the Sarasvati-Kanthabharana, he quotes from it as follows:Page 429 (Kavyamala, 94, 1934)- 66 taduktam madrasikasarvasve- pravasagamane deyah snehasamskaraka nakhah | cirotsrstesu ragesu pritirgacchet parabhavam || ragayatana samsmari yadi na syannakhaksatam | rekhastisrascatasrasca vakra vakrakrtirnakhah || iti || " Dr. S. K. De² mentions a work on poetics called (cited by Narayana on Gitagovinda, V. 2). rasikasarvasva Rana Kumbha of Mewar (A.D. 1428-1459) in his commentary rasikapriya on the Gitagovinda quotes from a work called rasikasarvasva . If this rasikasarvasva is identical with the rasikasarvasva mentioned by Jagaddhara as his own work, we may be in a position to take back the date of Jagaddhara from A.D. 1450 to A.D. 1400 or so, if not earlier. Unfortunately, however, no MS of Jagaddhara's - sarvasva or of any other work of that name has been so far discovered, and we are unable to verify this point any further. Fixing A.D. 1400 as one probable limit for Jagaddhara's date, let us see if we can advance forward from the limit "A.D. 1111 for this date fixed by Sir R. G. Bhandarkar. It is proposed to bring this limit forward from A.D. 1111 to about A.D. 1250 so that Jagaddhara's date may be tentatively fixed between A.D. 1250 and 1400. 1. There is a Maithili MS of 's commentary on the Vasavadatta which is dated Laksmana Samvat 553 = A.D. 1671 (see p. 141 of Cata. of Mithila MSS, Vol. II, 1933). Another Maithili MS of this commentary (ibid. p, 140) is described as dated "San 1164 Sal" which may be equivalent of A.D. 1764 or 1756. 2. Sanskrit Poetics, Vol. I, 1923, p. 326 - This reference is the same as is recorded by Aufrecht, CC I, 4976. 3. Vide, pp. 44, 47, 48 of Nirnaya Sagar Press Edition, 1899.

Jagad dhara in his commentary on the Malatimadhava (v. 2 at the beginning of the commentary) states that in composing the present commentary he has made use of a previous commentary (" ari"). As the name of the commentator is not mentioned in this statement, it is difficult to say what earlier commentary was used by him in the preparation of his own commentary. Fortunately for us we are now in a position to prove what commentary' was used by Jagaddhara. This commentary is no other than Harihara's commentary on the Malatimadhava represented by a single MS in the Library of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, which has been described by the late M. M. Hara Prasad Shastri.2 The date of the MS is recorded in the catalogue as A.D. 1216 but this appears to be the date of composition. At any rate the date of Harihara must lie between A.D. 1150 and 1216 as Harihara quotes from Mammata (A. D. 1100).³ 1. In 1939 I procured for Professor N. A. Gore M.A. of the S. P. College, Poona, a transcript of MS of the commentary on the Malatimadhava from the original in Newari script, No. 1564 with the Royal Asiatic Society of Bengal, Calcutta. Professor Gore is preparing a special paper on the subject of Jagaddhara's verbatim and other borrowing from this commentary. 2. Descriptive Catalogue of Kavya Mss, Vol. VII (1934), pp. 242-43; MS No. 5299-"Date N. S. 336 = A.D. 1216"- Colophon :- ' iti misra srimadamoghadevatmaja misra srihariharaviracitayam malatimadhava prakaranatikayam dasamonkah | " " Post Colophon- " sriman hariharamisro visame granthe'tra bodhamadhatum | vyadhitaparasaragotrah tikam samksepato ruciram || sadvanhiramage varse pause suklesavasare | bhrguje vamrte yoge rajye hyarimalladeviye || etc. " Arimalladeva referred to in the above extract was the founder of the Malla Dynasty of Nepal. He was also called Arideva (vide, p. 209 of H. C. Ray, Dynastic History of Northern India, Vol. I, 1931). Dr. Ray notes three dates for this King:-(1) MS of date A.D 1201; (2) MS of c, dated A.D. 1206, (3) Cambridge MS of, dated A.D. 1216. We have now to add the above MS of 1216, A.D. to this list. 3. Page 4 of transcript supplied to Prof. Gore. I am thankful to Prof. Gore for inviting my attention to this reference. Though (Continued from next page)

As Jagaddhara has borrowed freely and at times verbatim from Harihara's commentary we may safely say that Jagad dhara flourished definitely after A. D. 1250. In view of this new evidence (not known to Sir R. G. Bhandarkar in 1876) our limits would be as follows:- (1) Sure limits: A. D. 1250 and 1650-400 years. (2) Probable limits: A. D. 1250 and 1450-200 years. - - (3) Tentative limits: A. D. 1300 and 1400-100 years. These tentative limits may now be discussed in the light of Sir R. G. Bhandarkar's evidence of a tentative nature bearing on the date of Jagad dhara. This evidence consists of two items :- (1) Priority of Mallinatha to Jagaddhara.' and (Continued from previous page) Mammata is not mentioned by name, the following quotation from the Kavyaprakasa given by Harihara is too well known to need any argument re. its authorship :- " " yadahuh • kavyam yasase sarvakrte vyavaharavide sivetaraksataye | sadyah paranivrtaye kantasammitatayopadesa yuje || " " 1. Vide p. xix of Preface to Malatimadhava (B. S. S. Edition): At the beginning of the Seventh Act (p. 286) after explaining that the root with 3 signifies "to take one's leave finally " or " to bid adieu", he (Jagaddhara) tells us that the same root occurs in the Maghaduta and is explained by the commentator in the same way' ( " aprchih samvadartha iti sabdikah | ata evaprcchasva priyasakhamamumiti meghadutadau tikakrta tathaiva vivrtamiti avadheyam | " ) And since Jagaddhara speaks of one commentator only without giving his name he must be understood to have been aware of one commentary only so well-known to render a mention of the author's name superfluous. I, therefore, take it that he alludes to Mallinatha, who in his scholia on the poem does explain the root in the same way as Jagaddhara. Mallinatha, therefore, lived before our scholiast" Another circumstance which indicates Mallinatha's priority to Jagaddhara is that while the latter quotes from Medini every now and then, the lexicon is never referred to by Mallinatha. If the Medini were composed before Mallinatha, we might certainly expect quotations from it somewhere in his vast commentaries. Medinikara, therefore, very probably lived after Mallinatha and certainly before Jagaddhara. << dw

(2) Date of the lexicon of Medinikara, mentioned and quoted by Jagaddhara in his comentaries. " d, The agrument advanced by Sir R. G. Bhandarkar in support of his supposed priority of Mallinatha to Jagaddhara is not at all convincing. He argues that the root is explained in the sense of "bidding adieu" (a) by Jagaddhara, and in doing so he refers to a commentator on the Meghaduta as explaining this root in this sense while explaining the verse aprcchasva priyasakhamamum, ' and as Mallinatha's comment on this verse explains this root in the sense alluded to by Jagaddhara, Sir R. G. Bhandarkar establishes the identity of this commentator with Mallinatha, though Jagaddhara nowhere mentions Mallinatha in his commentary. This line of argument can be refuted if we are able to find the explanation of the root aprcchra in the sense under reference ( samvadarthe ) in any other commentary on the Meghaduta preferably prior in date to Jagaddhara. Though I have not looked into all the commentaries on the Meghaduta, I have to point out that in the commentary of Caritravardhana who flourished between A. D. 1191 and A. D. 1385' the root u is explained in the way referred to by Jagaddhara, (i. e., arara), as will be seen from the following extract from folio 10 of MS No. 345 of 1895-98 in the Govt. MSS Library (B. O. R. Institute) :- " aprcchasva nijaprasthanaya samvadaya prcchatipsayame- tasmallotumadhyamaikavacanam " I have no desire to In pointing out this art of the root press the conclusion on the attention of the reader that Jagaddhara refers to Caritravardhana and not to Mallinatha in his commentary on the Malatimadhava. This area of the root may be found in some of the other commentaries on the Meghaduta, but we need not pursue the point any further. It is, therefore, clear that Mallinatha's priority to Jagaddhara cannot be proved at least on the basis of unstable evidence recorded by Sir R. G. Bhandarkar. 1. Annals (B. O. R. Institute) XV, 109-111: my paper on the date of Caritravardhana. According to Bendall (British Museum Cata. 1902, p. 91), "aff (author of qc), whose full name was, was a Jain writer, pupil of Kalyanaraja, himself a pupil of Jinahitasuri of the Kharataragaccha, (A.D. 1368)" According to this statement Caritravardhana's date would be "about A.D. 1400," while the date of Mallinatha is A.D 1430.

If we accept A. D. 1400 as one limit to Jagad dhara, the supposed priority of Mallinatha to Jagaddhara would conflict with this limit. My friend Dr. V. Raghavan of Madras has recently published a paper' on the work, Vaisyavamsa-Sudhakara, of Mallinatha which was written for Devaraya II of Vijayanagar, (A. D. 1422-1466). If Jagaddhara flourished before A. D. 1400, he cannot naturally mention or quote from Mallinatha of later date, i. e. A. D. 1430 or so. As matters stand, however, it would appear that Jagaddhara is prior to Mallinatha if our limit of A. D. 1400 for Jagad dhara as suggested earlier in this paper is accepted and corroborated on independent evidence in addition to my evidence that the work mentioned by Jagaddhara as his own work in one of his commentaries is possibly identical with the mentioned by Rana Kumbha, (A. D. 1428-1459) in his commentary on Jayadeva's Gitagovinda. As regards the second item of Sir R. G. Bhandarkar's evidence, viz., the date of Medini lexicon frequently quoted by Jagaddhara in his commentaries, we may state here the views of Prof. Ramavatara Sarma :- (1) Rayamukuta (A. D. 1431) quotes Medini. (2) Padamanabhadatta, who wrote his Prsodaradivrtti in A. D. 1375, quotes Medini in his Bhuriprayoga.³ (3) There is no reason to doubt the authenticity of Mallinatha's quotation on Magha II, 65 (":fa medini " ). 1. New Indian Antiquary, Vol. II, pp. 111-117. 2 H. P. Sastri: Notices of Sanskrit MSS (second series), pt. I, p. 224. See Kalpadrukosa, Vol. I ( Baroda, 1928). Intro p. XL. 3. Aufrecht describes a MS of Bhuriprayoga (Catalouge of Oxford MSS, 1864, p. 192 a) in which the following verse is found :- visvaprakasamarako tikatrikamdaseso'jvaladattavrttih | haravali medinikosamanyaccalokya laksam likhitam mayaitat || " 4. Sir R. G. Bhandarkar (Malati-Madhava, Preface XX, fn. §) states that this quotation containing a reference to Medini is a later interpolation and thus supports his theory that Medinikara lived after Mallinatha. My evidence tends to support a contrary view that Mallinatha (A. D. 1430) lived after Jagaddhara (before A. D. (Continued on next page)

(4) The Mankhatika contains a quotation from Medini ( " kamiti prakrtya mastake ca sukhe'piceti avyayaprakarane medinih " ) which if genuine would push back Medini's date to the 12 th century for the Mankhatika was written before the last quarter of the 12 th century. As Prof. Ramavatara Sarma suggests the possibility of Medini's date going back to the 12 th century, our tentative limits, viz., A. D. 1300 and 1400 for Jagaddhara's date do not conflict with this possibility. If we are able to locate Jagad dhara before A. D. 1375, before which year Medini was composed as explained already, we may be able to push back the later limit for Medini's. date before A. D. 1375. We must, therefore, await further efforts of scholars who will be in a better position to give us the exact date of Jagaddhara with the data laid at their disposal in the present paper. (Continued from previous page) 1400) and also after Medinikara, who lived before A. D. 1375. These two views may be represented as follows:Bhandarkar's view :-Mallinatha Medinikara- Jagaddhara My view: Medinikara Jagaddhara-→ Mallinatha (Before A. D. 1375). (Before A. D. 1400). (A. D. 1430)

55. Some new Evidence regarding the Date of Jagaddhara Between A. D. 1275 and 1450 + In my paper' on the Date of Jagaddhara, the commentator of the Malatimadhava and other works I discussed some new evidence and tried to narrow down the sure limits for his date given by Sir R. G. Bhandarkar viz. A. D. 1111 and 1708. My sure limits for this date as recorded in the above paper were A.D. 1250 and 1650, while the probable limits were A. D. 1250 and 1450. With a view to clarifying the chronological back-ground of the problem of Jagad dhara's date I record below in brief the evidence discussed in detail in my earlier paper. A.D. 1111 1150-1175 1150--1216 1375 1420 1431 = J Jagaddhara. R. G. B. R. G. Bhandarkar. Date of Visvaprakasa lexicon quoted by J ( R.G.B.) Date of Natyadarpana (of Ramacandra) mentioned by J in his (Nepal MS)- Vide my paper on Natyadarpana in Jain Vidya (Lahore, 1941) Vol. I, pp. 21-26. Date of Hariharamisra's Comm. on HI J has borrowed verbatim from this Comm. in his own Comm. on ma . madhava . " medinikosa ' every now " Date of Padmanabhadatta who quotes in his Bhuriprayoga. J quotes and then in his Comm. on Hg. c (R. G. B.) Date of Mallinatha from whom J has borrowed some material (vide remarks below) - (M. R. Kavi) Date of Rayamukuta who quotes fafa, quoted by J. Journal of S. V. Oriental Institute (Tirupati ), 1943, Vol. IV, pp. 71-73. 1. Vide pp. 116-125 of Journal of the University of Bombay, Vol. IX, Part 2 (Sept. 1940). 376

A. D. c. 1430 DATE OF JAGADDHARA 377 J = Jagaddhara. R. G. B. R. G. Bhandarkar. Date of Mallinatha, who quotes 65 - " inah patyau nrparkayoriti medini " ). (on Magha II, 1428-1459 Rana Kumbha mentions in his Comm. on gitagovimda . This work is possibly the rasika sarvasva mentioned by J as his own work in his Comm. on sarasvatikanthabharana ( " taduktam madra siksarvasve " ). "). 1475-1500 Raghavabhatta quotes from, which is possibly identical with franata of J ( Nepal MS) mentioned by him as his own work in his Comm. on sa. kanthabharana ( " taduktam matsamgita sarvasve " ). c. 1475-1500 Rucipati in his Comm, quotes profusely from samgita sarvasva, which is possibly identical with the samgita sarvasva of J. 1473 c. 1500 1665 1670 1708 Date of Nepal MS of art by J ( vide remarks below). Date Subhamkara, who mentions of J. Subhamkara is the author of samgitadamodara (M. R. Kavi). Date of Calcutta MS (R. A. S. B.) No 5300 of the malatimadhavika of J. Date of a MS of malatimadhavika of J at Bikaner. ' Date of a MS of ma . ma . tika of J used by Sir R. G. Bhandarkar. The chronological conspectus given above shows at a glance the whole problem of Jagaddhara's date. I have included in it some new items which may now be discussed here :- 1. My friend Prof. N. A. Gore of the S. P. College, Poona, has given me the following particulars of this MS :- MS No. 3208 in the Anupsing Library at Bikaner ( malatimadhavika by jagaddhara ) ends as follows :- " samvat 1726 samaya sravana krsnastabhyam likhitam rupamisrena || sri krsnaya namah | ' This information was supplied to Prof. Gore by Mr. R. N. Harit the Librarian in a communication dated 18-8-1942.

(1) My probable limits for Jagaddhara's date viz. A. D. 1250 and 1450 are now confirmed by the date of a Nepal MS' of the of Jagaddhara. This MS is dated Laksmana Samvat 355 (1118) = A. D. 1473. (2) Mr. M. R. Kavi² makes the following remarks about Subhamkara, the author of the samgitadamodarah- " - subhamkara himself mentions samgitasarvasva of jagaddhara, who draws some material from the commentary of a (1420 A. D.) and also cH a prahasana written to amuse the king of Nepal Harasingadeva of about 1420 A. D. Thus has to be assigned to about 1500 A. D." If Mr. Kavi's statement about Jagaddhara's drawing some material from the commentary of (1420 A. D. ) is based on reliable evidence, the date of Jagaddhara may be said to lie between (A. D. 1420) and A. D. 1473, the date of Nepal MS of Jagaddhara's are referred to above. Even if the priority of Kallinatha to Jagaddhara is not proved on definite evidence we can safely state that Jagaddhara flourished between about A. D. 1275 and 1473 on the strength of evidence gathered by me and recorded in the tabular statement given above. P. S. According to Dr. S. Vidyabhusana, Jagaddhara belongs to the Kamesvara dynasty of Mithila (1350-1515 A. D. ). This view of Jagaddhara's date harmonizes with my evidence recorded in this paper. (Vide pp. 521-522 of History of Indian Logic, Calcutta, 1921 ). 1. Vide p. 15 of Catalogue of Nepal Mss by H. P. Shastri and Bendall, Calcutta, 1905- MS No. 447 - maithilamaksaram lasam 355 . " " - vasavadattatika | jagaddharanaracita | 2. Vide p. 467 of Annals (S. V. Ori. Institute, Tirupati ). Vol. II, No. 2.