The Katha Literature and the Puranas

The Katha Literature and the Puranas [kathasahityam puranani ca] / By Dr. Ludwik Sternbach, LL.D.;  United Nations, Grand Central, New York. / 19-86

[ samskrtakathagranthanam gadyabhagesvantarantara bahavo nitisloka upa- desatmakah slokasca subhasitarupenopalabhyante | puranesu capi tadrsah subhasitaslokah tatra tatra prapyante | kathagranthesu madhye tavat ksemendrasya brhatkathamanjari, somadevasya kathasaritsagarah, pancatantra, hitopadesah, sukasaptatih, vikramacaritam vetalapancavimsati ka ceti prasiddha grantha varttante | vetalapancavimsatika ca satsu pathesu prapyate, tadyatha (1) padyatmika brhatkathamanjaristha ( lambaka 6, guccha 2 . 16-12 21 ) (2) padyatmika kathasaritsagarastha ( lambaka 12, taranga 75-66 ), (3) padyatmika bhavisyapuranastha ( pratisarga - dvitiyakhande ), (4) gadyapraya jambhaladattakrta, (5) gadyapadyatmika sivadasaviracita (esa ca brhatkathamanjaristhayah kathaya gadye rupantaramatram ), (6) gadya- padyatmika vallabhadevaviracita ca ( sa ca naitavata kalena sampadita, sivadasakrtayah kathayasca sararupaiveyam ) | jambhaladattasya vetalapanca- vimsatikayasca nepalipatho nevaripathascapi vidyate | , asmin nibandhe nibandhakaramahodayena etavatim kathasamagrim samiksya vetalapancavimsatikayah purvoktanam sarvesamevopalabdhapathanam tulanatmika talika'pi pradatta | puranesu kathagranthesu ca 162 subhasitaslokah samanah prayena samana va varttante, kesucit slokesu punah bhavasamyameva vidyate | atra etadrsanam sarvesameva slokanam tulanatmakamekam adhyayanamapi vistarena prastutam | asmin adhyayane puranasthanam subha- sitaslokanam pancatantra - hitopadesa - vikramacarita vetalapancavimsatika-suka- saptatikathanam subhasitaslokaih saha sthalanirdesasahita tulana pradarsita | adhyayanamidam nibandhasyasya anubandharupena prastutam | asyanubandhasya trayo bhaga atra vidyante - prathame tadrsa subhasitasloka varttante ye ekasmin purane nyunatamatvena ekasmin kathagranthe ca samanah vidyante, dvitiye tadrsah slokah pradiyante yesu ekasmin kathagranthe ca bhavasamyam vartate, trtiye ca bhage tadrsah slokah prastuta ye ekasmin kathagranthe purana- slokatvenoddhrtah santi param te kasminnapi puranagranthe nopalabhyante | ]

20 puranam - PURANA [Vol. VII., No. 1 1. The Sanskrit Katha literature is usually written in prose with mingled sententious stanzas, gnomic verses, maxims, aphorisms which are not always demanded even by the narrative; however, they are meant to embellish the tale and often to impress the reader and to conduct or to convey in few words the gist of the moral of the tale told. The tales are purposely constructed as a frame for Subhasita-samgrahas in which the authors included as many similar sententious stanzas as they knew and thought that the reader of the tales might like. These sententious stanzas in metrical form, gnomic verses, maxims, aphorisms and adages form an integral part of the tale literature. Each of the katha works usually contains different sententious stanzas and even various versions of the same katha work often contain different sententious stanzas. Frequently the same sententious stanzas were included in different katha works; they were either borrowed from another katha work, e. g. the Hitopadesa from the Pancatantra, or independently from the same primary source of Sanskrit literature, or from the floating mass of oral tradition and wisdom of the day. Similarly the Puranas in which many sententious stanzas are preserved, with the exception of the Bhavisya-purana, which contains in abridged form one of the katha works, viz. the whole Vetalapancavimsatika, contain some sententious stanzas which were probably borrowed independently from the same primary source, or from the floating mass of oral tradition and wisdom, as was the case with katha works. As far as sententious stanzas in the Puranas are concerned, only the Brhaspatisamhita of the Garuda-purana is a complete work in itself; it is a collection of maxims, a Subhasita-samgraha, while the other Puranas contain only mingled in the narrative sententious stanzas. The Brhaspati-samhita of the Garuda-purana is identical with one text of a Canakya's collection of maxims, viz. the Canakyaraja-niti-sastra version." 1. See L. Sternbach, 'The Canakya-raja-niti-sastra and the BrhaspatiSamhita of the Garuda-purana' in the Annals of the Bhandarkar Or. Res. Institute, ABORI XXXVII, pp. 58-110 and Canakya's Aphorisms in Puranas' in Purana VI., 1, pp. 113-146.

Jan., 1965] THE KATHA LITERATURE AND THE PURANAS 21 2, The connection between the Bhavisya-purana and one of the important katha works, i. e. the Vetalapancavimsatika is clear, since one of its six versions is found in the Pratisarga, dvitiyakhanda of the Bhavisya-purana. The Vetalapancavimsatika is known to exist in six versions: in Ksemendra's Brhatkathamanjari, in Somadeva's Kathasaritsagara, Jambhaladatta's, Sivadasa's, Vallabhadeva's and Bhavisya-purana's. Dandin, Subandhu and Bana mentioned that there existed in the sixth century A. D. a work containing a collection of stories, the Brhatkatha of Gunadhya, written in Paisaci. It contained inter alia the Pancatantra, the Kathasaritsagara, and the Vetalapancavimsatika. This work, as many other literary works in India, was lost; however, parts of it were preserved in two recensions; the Kasmirian and the Nepalese. As far as the Kasmirian recension is concerned, parts of the Brhatkatha were translated, or summarized, by two well-known Kasmirian poets; they were Ksemendra and Somadeva. Both probably worked independently: Ksemendra made an abridgment of the Brhatkatha in his versified Brhatkathamanjari, while Somadeva, few years later, extracted from the Brhatkatha a number of fairy tales and immortalized them in his versified Kathasaritsagara. As far the Nepalese recension is concerned, it was preserved by Buddhasvamin in his versified Brhat katha-Sloka-samgraha ; it is incomplete but is more original than the Kasmirian recension and, therefore, seems often to be quite another work. A. The two texts of the Kasmirian recension of the Brhatkatha of Gunadhya contain the Vetalapancavimsatika in its earlier form, viz. Ksemendra's Brhatkathamanjari in the ninth lambaka (guccha 2. 19-1221) and Somadeva's Kathasaritsagara in the twelfth lambaka (tarangas 75 to 99). The Brhatkathamanjari was probably written by Ksemendra about 1037 A. D. and the Kathasaritsagara by Somadeva some thirty years later (between 1063 and 1081 A. D.). Both versions are versified. B. Another version, almost entirely written in prose, is the Jambhaladatta's version. It contained only nineteen verses, none

22 puranam - PURANA [Vol. VII., No. 1 of which is found in any Sanskrit literary works; these verses were probably composed by Jambhaladatta himself. The Jambhaladatta's version could not have been written later than the sixteenth century and it is possible that it was written in the fourteenth century. C. A fourth version is the Sivadasa's version which was written partly in prose and partly in verse. It contains a large addition of verses, for the greatest part composed in kavya style; these verses are mainly aphorisms, but some of them are also narrative verses. The Sivadasa version is merely a recast in prose of Ksemendra's version. One of the MSS of the Sivadasa version, viz. the Hu¹ MS 2, is dated Samvat 1544 (1487 A. D.), therefore this version could not have been composed later than the fifteenth century A.D. D. A fifth version, the Vallabhadeva's version, which was never edited yet, can be considered as an abridged text of the Sivadasa version. It is written in prose and in verse and frequently omits some verses though, on the other hand, occasionally offers verses peculiar to it. The Vetala is called in this version in the Hindi form: vaitala. It begins similarly as the Sivadasa version; its text is generally poor and ungrammatical and is often mixed with vernacular forms. The last story, the twenty-fourth, contains a new tale, viz. of Solomon and the two Undoubtedly, it was composed later than the Sivadasa version. E. To these five known versions of the Vetalapancavimsatika, a sixth version should be added; it is one which is found in the Pratisarga, dvitiyakhanda of the Bhavisya-purana. The Bhavisya-purana is of late date. The Pratisarga-parvan, though nominally mentioned in the Bhavisya-purana (I. 2, 2-3) is practically a new work; it mentions even the British rule in India and names Calcutta and the Parliament. However, the Naradiya-purana (I. 100, 10) mentioned that the Pratisaga-parvan, known to it, contained various legends (). The 2. Die Vetalapancavimsatika des Sivadasa nach einer Handschrift von 1487. Berichte uber die Verhandlugen der konigl. Sachsischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften, Philol.-hist. Klasse, 66 Bd., I Heft, 1914.

Jan., 1965] THE KATHA LITERATURE AND THE PURANAS 23 Pratisarga-parvan contains a number of mythical stories. It is not known when the Vetalapancavimsatika was included in the Bhavisya-purana; it is probably a quite recent abbreviation in verse of the very popular Vetala pancavimsatika stories. F. The style and the language of the six versions of the Vetalapancavimsatika are quite different. Ksemendra's, Somadeva's and Bhavisya-purana's versions were written entirely in verse. Jambhaladatta's version was written almost entirely Sivadasa's and Vallabahadeva's versions were a combination of prose and verse. in prose. Although the two versified versions, Ksemendra's and Somadeva's, were older than the Jambhaladatta's and Sivadasa's versions, the Sivadasa version preserved probably the original form of the Vetalapancavimsatika; in this form the main Sanskrit katha-works were generally written. A combination of prose and verse, with verses of mostly didactic nature, occurs in the Pancatantra, the Hitopadesa, the Sukasaptati, the Vikramacarita, etc. and that was probably the basic form of all katha-works. The last sentence of the Hu¹ MS, which belongs to the Sivadasa version, states clearly that Sivadasa prepared a text written in prose and in verse from a text written wholly in verse; therefore we find also in the Sivadasa version, among the text written in prose, many remains of text written in verse. Sivadasa probably used as the basis for his text the Brhatkathamanjari of Ksemendra; this is also evident from the fact that four of the last five stanzas of the Sivadasa version (viz. 25. 2, 3, 4 and 5) were borrowed verbatim from the Brhat kathamanjari of Ksemendra (9.2, 1217 to 1222). G. The six versions of the Vetala pancavimsatika contain the same material. The correspondence of the tales included in the Bhavisya-Purana version and in other versions of the Vetala pancavimsatika is given in the following table; it does not contain the Vallabhadeva version, since this version was never edited before, but two additional texts of the Jambhaladatta version are added, viz. the Nepali recension of the Jambhaladatta

24 puranam - PURANA [Vol. VII., No. 1 version, based on one MS and the Newari recension of the Jambhaladatta version, as described by H. Jorgensen in ZDMG 75. 213-36. bhavisyapurana sivadasa katha- brhatkatha- jambhaladatta nepali nevari saritsagara manjari Intro- IntroIntroIntro- Intro- Introduction duction duction duction duction duction 12345678 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 (5) 9 56749 5 6 9 8 7 10 10 367960 3 3 6 6 8 7 7 9 9 8 7 8 36596 8 10 10 10 10 10 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 12 12 12 12 12 13 13 12 13 12 13 13 14 14 15 23 14 14 15 15 15 15 16 16 223 13 14 13 24 24 24 16 16 17 17 14 14 17 17 18 18 15 15 18 18 19 19 16 19 19 20 20 17 175 16 16 17 220 20 21 21 18 18 18 21 21 22 22 23 223 22 19 19 19 20 20 20 (21) (21) (21) (22) (22) (22) (23) (23) (23) khe 5 5 5 5 23 8 24 25 25 25 ConConConConConConclusion clusion clusion clusion clusion clusion

Jan., 1965] THE KATHA LITERATURE AND THE PURANAS 25 H. Since the Bhavisya-purana's version of the Vetalapancavimsatika is written in verse, similarly as the Ksemendra's and Somadeva's versions, we do not find any sententious stanzas in this version, while we find many in the Sivadasa version; some of the latter occur also in the Puranas. 3 3. The primary aim of this study is to show which metrical stanzas in the katha-works occur also in the Puranas. It is not intended to show in this study, with the exception mentioned above, any particular connection between the Puranas and the katha-works for the reasons explained,' but to list only the identical stanzas (although not always in the exactly the same wording) and the similar stanzas in these two quite different types of sources of Sanskrit literature. But here again an exception must be noted; it refers evidently to the Brhaspati-samhita of the Garuda-purana, since that Samhita is a Subhasita-samgraha in itself and whenever so-called Canakya's stanzas were utilized in katha-works (and these stanzas were the main source for the kavya portions of the katha-literature) they also occur in the Brhaspati-samhita of the Garuda-purana. Therefore a great number of sententious stanzas identical in one of the katha-works and the Puranas are found in the Brhatsamhita of the Garuda-purana and consequently in the Canakya-raja-niti-sastra version of collections of Canakya's maxims. 4. The katha-works dealt with in this study are the Pancatantra, the Hitopadesa, the Vikramacarita, the Vetalapancavimsatika and the Sukasaptati. With the exception of the Hitopadesa, which is known to exist in one version only, and the Vetalapancavimsatika for which, for reasons of style, only the Sivadasa version was taken into consideration, different versions of the other katha-works were consulted. As far as the Pancatantra is concerned, the following versions were taken into consideration; the Tantrakhyayika version (PT, PTem, PTu, PT,), the Southern version (PS, PD, PX), 3. See paragraph 2 above. 4. See paragraph 1 above. 5. See abbreviations in paragraph 6. 4

26 puranam - PURANA [Vol. VII., No. 1 the Nepalese version (PN)5, the textus ornatior (PP) and the textus simplicior (Pts, PtsK, PM, PPY), branch of the Tantrakhyayika version, and F. Edgerton's "reconstructed" text of the Pancatantra (PRE) were consulted." For the Vikramacarita the Southern, the Metrical, the Brief and the Jainistic recensions (VCsr, VCmr, VCbr, VCjr)" were consulted and for the Sukasaptati the teatus ornatior (Sto)" and the textus simplicior (Sts, StsA, StsM) as published by R. Schmidt were consulted. 5. The results of this study are contained in the annex which is divided into three parts. The first contains identical or almost identical stanzaa in a Purana and in at least one text of a katha-work. The second part quotes stanzas which contain similar thoughts in a Purana and in at least one text of a katha-work. The third part contains stanzas which were in a katha-work attributed to a Purana but could not be identified as belonging to a particular Purana text. On the margin of the annex the appropriate Puranas and the place in which katha's stanzas occur in the appropriate Purana are mentioned; then the pratika of the Purana-(or katha-) stanza is quoted; finally the annex contains up to five references: na ( 4 ) references to the katha-stanza(s) which also occur(s) in the Purana-text; (A) references to primary sources which are the same, with, or similar to ( o ) the Purana-or katha-stanza; ( 5 ) references to secondary sources which are the same with, or similar to (go) the Purana- or katha-stanza; (§) references to sources in "Greater India" in which the Purana- or katha-stanza also occur; and (3) references to studies in which the particular stanza was dealt with. 6. See L. Sternbach, The kavya Portions in the katha Literature; there the different versions of the Pancatantra are discussed in greater detail.

Jan., 1965] THE KATHA LITERATURE AND THE PURANAS 27 6. The analysis of this annex shows that one hundred sixtytwo different stanzas of the katha-literature are found in the Puranas. The distribution of these stanzas are as follows: P(ancatantra) 28 stanzas; P. and Hitopadesa) 33 stanzas ; P. and Vet(alapancavimsatika) 4 stanzas; P. and Vi(kramacarita) 2 stanzas ; P and Suk (asaptati) 3 stanzas ; P., H. and Vet. 2 stanzas; P., H. and Vi. 4 stanzas; P., H. and Suk. 2 stanzas ; P., Vet. and Vi. 1 stanza; P., Vet. and Suk. 1 stanza; P. H., Vi. and Vet. 2 stanzas ; P., H., Vi. and Suk. 3 stanzas ; P., H., Vi., Vet. and Suk. 2 stanzas ; H. 38 stanzas; H. and Vi. 2 stanzas; H. and Vet. 2 stanzas ; H. and Suk. 1 stanza; H., Vet. and Suk. 1 stanza; Vet. 9 stanzas; Vet. and Vi. 3 stanzas; Vi. 3 stanzas; Vi. and Suk. 3 stanzas ; and Suk. 3 stanzas. ABayA The abbreviations used in the Annex are as follows: Abhandlungen der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Phil. Kl. ABORI Annals of the Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute.. AKM Alk Any AOS AP BhS BORI BS CKr CL(=CLr) CLS Abhandlungen fur die Kunde des Morgenlandes. Alamkarakaustubha of Visvesvara Pandit. KM. 66. Anyoktimuktavali. KM. 88. American Oriental Society Alamkaramuktavali by Parvatiya Sri Visvesvara Pandeya. Kasi Skt. Series 54. Satakatrayadi-subhasitasamgraha Bhartrhari. ed. by D. D. Kosambi, (Singhi Jaina Granthamala 23). Bombay 1948. Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, Poona. The Budhabhusana of King Sambhu ed. by H. D. Velankar, BORI, 1928. O. Kressler, 'Stimmen indicher Lebensklugheit', Indica 4, Leipzig, 1907. Laghucanakya version, reconstructed. (See Cr.) CL; Sodaga-Canalega, Bhavanadasa-krta-Hindivyakhya-sahita, ed. by Sridhara Siva Lal, Juana-Sagara Press, Bombay, Samvat 1932.

28 CM CN(=CNr) CNB CNG CNHU CNI I CNI II CNL CNM puranam - PURANA [Vol. VII., No. 1 Canikya, Recension de cinq recueils de stances morales (Canakya-nitisataka, Canakyanitisastra, Laghu-canakya-raja-nitisastra, Vrddha-canakya-raja-nitisastra, Canakya- sloka), par E. Monseur, Paris, 1887. Canakya-nitisastra (See Cr.) version, reconstructed. CN; Brhat Canakya-slokah. Sri Arjuna Maharananka dvara Utkala Padyanubadita o prathamabara prakasita... Utkal Press, Calcutta, 1919. CN; 'The Recension of Canakya used by Galanos for his 'Ekdiaphoron poieton, by G. M. Bolling in Studies in Honor of Maurice Bloomfield, New Haven, 1920. CN; MS H. 250 in Harvard University Library, Cambridge, Mass. CN; MS 1518a (Eggeling 3990) in India Office Library, London. CN; MS Keith 7204 (Tagore 40b) in India Office Library, London. CN; MS A. 447 in Universitatsbibliothek, KarlMarx Universitat, Leipzig. CN; Rajanitau Canikyamuni-viracitam, no place; no date. CNMN CN; Nitisara CNN CNP I CNP II CNPh Canikyamuni-krtam (sic!). Allahabad, 1880. CN; E. Bartoli, 'Un secondo codice fiorentino inedito di Canakya'. (See CLB, first part.) CN; MS 17072-3 (A) in Universite de Paris, Institut de Civilisation Indienne. CN; MS 17072-1 (B) in Universite de Paris, Institut de Civilisation Indienne. CN; MS 1566 in University of Pennsylvania Library, Philadelphia, Pa.

Jan., 1965] THE KATHA LITERATURE AND THE PURANAS CnT CNPN CNS CNSC CNSK CNSL 29 CN; MS Sanskrit 684 (Cabaton 684) in the Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris. CN; Canakya-slokah, ed. by Sriramasastri Bhattacaryya, Ghose Press, Calcutta, 1319 (1912-3). CN; Canakya-loka-samgraha, with a Hindi trans., pub. by Taraprasanna Mrityunjay, 1st ed., Calcutta, 1915. CN; Canakya-sloka, with trans. into Bengali. New Sanskrit Press, Calcutta, 1887. CN; Astottarasata-Canakya-slokah, ed. by Anilcandra Datta with a Bengali trans., Laksmi Printing Works, Calcutta. 1322 (1915). CNS 1 CN; Canakya-sloka-samgrahah, CNST CnT CNT IV CNTC CNW compiled and trans. into Hindi by Narayanacandra Cattopadhyaya, Rudra Printing Press, Calcutta. 1918. CN; Cankya satakam, with a Bengali trans. by Rajakumara Cakravartti Svarna Press, Dacca-Calcutta, 1319 (1912). etc. See below. CN; MS No. 5119, as quoted in CKr as TjD. CN; Sa-tika-Canakya-sloka-satakam, ed. by Isvaracandra Sarma Sastri, Calcutta, 1857 (1935). CN; A. Weber, Uber 100 Spruche des Canakya', Monatsberichte der kon. Preuss. Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, Berlin, 1865, pp. 400-31. Note-book MSS. (Cf. Cr, p. xii.) CnT I CnT II CnT; MS No. 5117, CnT III CnT; MS No. 5118, CnT V CnT; MS No. 5120, CnT VI CnT; MS No. 5121, CnT VII CnT; MS No. 5122, CnT; MS No. 5031, as quoted in CKr as TjA. as quoted in CKr as TjB. as quoted in CKr as TjC. as quoted in CKr as TjE. as quoted in CKr as TjF. as quoted in CKr as TjG.

30 CPS Cr CR(=CRr) CRB CRBh I CRBh II CRC CRCa I CRCa II CRP puranam - PURANA [Vol. VII., No. 1 Vrddha-Canakya, Canakya-pranita, ed. by Pt. Sri Rama Sastri, Calcutta, 1777. Canakya-Niti Text-Tradition (Canakya-Niti Sakha-Sampradaya) in two volumes-vol. I, part 1: the Vrddha-Canakya, textus ornatior (CVr), the Vrddha-Canakya, textus simplicior (Cvr), the Canakya-niti-sastra (CNr), and the Canakya-sara-samgraha (CSr) versions; vol. I, part 2: the Laghu-Canakya (CLr) and the Canakya-rajaniti-sastra (CSr) versions; vol. II: the Ur-text. Six versions of Canakya's collections of maxims reconstructed and critically edited for the first time, with introductions and variants from original manuscripts, all available printed editions and other materials by Dr. Ludwik Sternbach. Vishveshvaranand Vedic Research Institute, Hoshiarpur (Pb., India), 1963. (Vishveshvaranand Indological Series, vols. 27, 28 and 29.) Canakya-raja-niti-sastra version, reconstructed. (See Cr.) CR; MS Sansk. fo. 15 in Bodleian Library, Oxford. CR; MS 347 of 1892-5 in BORI Collection. CR; MS 348 of 1892-5 in BORI Collection. CR; Canakya-rajaniti-Sastram, ed. by Pt. Isvara Chandra Sastri, Calcutta, 1919. (Calcutta Oriental Series, No. 2.) CR; MS Add. 2525 in University Library, Cambridge. CR; MS Add. 1040 in University Library, Cambridge. CR; MS 1559 in Library of Pennsylvania University, Philadephia, Pa.

Jan., 1965] THE KATHA LITERATURE AND THE PURANAS 31 CRT CS(=CSr) CV(=CVr) Cv(=Cvr) CvA CvH CvI CvL I CvL II CvS CvTb Damp DhN(P) GVS H HC HH CR; Canakyarajanitisastram', ed. by Sunitikumar Pathak, Tibetan and Sanskrit, VisvaBharati Annals, vol. 8, Santiniketan, 1958. Canakya-sara-samgraha-version, reconstructed. (See Cr.) Vrddha Canakya, textus ornatior version reconstructed, (See Cr.) Vrddha Canakya, textus reconstructed. simplicior version, (See Cr.) Cv; Raja-niti, Canakya-muni-viracita, Agra, 1920. Cv; MS H. 250 in Harvard University Library Cambridge, Mass. Cv; MS 2411 in India Office Library, London. Cv; MS A. 445 in Universitatsbibliothek, KarlMarx Universitat, Leipzig. Cv; MS A. 446 in Universitatsbibliothek, KarlMarx Universitat, Leipzig. Cv; Sodasa-Canakya. See CLS. Cv; MS or. fo. 1037 in Universitatsbibliothek, Tubingen. Dam patisiksanamaka. Sri Nilaratnasarma kartrka, 1840. The Dhammaniti in Ancient Proverbs and Maxims from Burmes Sources; or The Niti Literature of Burma by J. Gray, London, Trubner & Co., 1886. (Pali) L. Sternbach, Ganika-vrtta-samgrahah, or Texts on Courtesans in Classical Sanskrit. Vishveshvaranand Indological Series, 4, Hoshiarpur, 1953. Hitopadesa. Also See American Oriental Series, 44. Annex I. Hitopadesa, or salutary instruction in the original Sanskrit, ed. by H. T. Colebrooke, Serampore, 1804. The Hitopadesa in the Sanskrit language, Library, East-India House, London, 1810.

32 HJ HK HM HN HOS HP HS I IJ IS JAOS JS [Vol. VII., No. 1 puranam - PURANA Hitopadesa, the Sanskrit text with a grammatical analysis alphabetically arranged by F.Johnson, 2nd ed., Hartford-London, 1864. The Hitopadesa of Narayana, ed. with a Sanskrit commentary and notes in English by M. R. Kale, 5th ed., Bombay, 1924. The First Book of the Hitopadesa and The Second, Third and Fourth Books of the Hitopadesa, Sanskrit text, ed. by Max Muller, London, 1865. Narayana, Hitopadesa, nach der nepalischen Handschrift N neu herausgegeben von Heinrich Blatt, Berlin, 1930. Harvard Oriental Series, Cambridge, Mass. Hitopadesa, by Narayana, ed. by Peter Peterson, BSS 33, Bombay, 1887. Hitopadesas, id est Institutio Salutaris. Textum codd. mss. collatis recensuerunt, interpretationem latinam et annotationes criticas adiecerunt Augustus Guilelmus a Schlegel et Christianus Lassen. Pars. I: textum sanscritum tenens, 1829. Pars II: commentarium criticum tenens. Bonnae ad Rhenum, 1831, typis regiis. Prostat apud Eduardum, Weber, Weber, bibliopolam Bonnensem. Indo-Iranian Journal, 's-Gravenhage. Indische Spruche, Sanskrit und Deutsch herausgegeben von O. Bohtlingk. Zweite vermehrte u. verbesserte Ausgabe, I-III, St. Petersburg, 1870-3. Journal of the American Oriental Society. The Suktimuktavali of Bhagadatta Jalhana, ed. by Embar Krishnamacharya, GOS 82, 1938. Also MS BORI 1424 of 1887-91, an anonymous Jaina Subhasitavali, dated Samvat 1673, as quoted in Bh$.

Jan., 1965] THE KATHA LITERATURE AND THE PURANAS JSAIL KM KSG KSH Kt LN(P) MK NKY (B) NM(T) NS(OJ) 5 33 L. Sternbach, Juridical Studies in Ancient Indian Law. 22. The Hitopadesa and the Smrtis. History of the Young Wife and the Old Husband. In P. K. Gode Commemoration Volume Poona, 1960, pp. 396-425. 24. Canakya's Aphorisms in the Hitopadesa (I-IV). AOS Reprint Series, 28. 30. Mahabharat Verses in Canakya's Compendia. In JAOS 83. 30-67. Kavyamala, published by NSP, Bombay. Kavyasamgrahah, Pancasaptati-samskrta-kavyatmakah ed. by Jivananda Vidyasagara, 3rd ed., Calcutta, Sarasvati Press, 1888. Kavyasamgraha, A Sanskrit anthology, being a collection of the best smaller poems in the Sanskrit language, by Dr. J. Haeberlin, Calcutta, 1847. Katharnava, as quoted in IS. The Lokaniti in Ancient Proverbs and Maxims from Burmese Sources. See DhN(P). Also in JASB 47, part I, Calcutta, 1878, pp. 239 sqq. The Madhavanala-katha, ed. by P. E. Pavolini, IX Congress of Orientalists, London, I, pp. 430-56. Also published by H. Schohl, Halle c.d. S. 1914. Niti Kyan, 'Translation of Burmese version of the Niti Kyan, a Code of Ethics in Pali' (Burmese), JRAS 17, 1860, pp. 252 sqq. 'Nitisastra of Masuraksa, Tibetan and Sanskrit', ed. by Sunitikumar Pathak, Visva Bharati Annals, vol.10, Santiniketan, 1961 (Tibetan) Nitisastra: Oud-Javaansche tekst met vertaling, ed. by R. Ng. Dr. Poerbatjarka, Bibliotheca Javanica 4, Bandoeng, 1933, (Old Javanese).

34 P (or Panc) Pad PD PM PN PP PPY Pras PRE PS PT Prem} puranam - PURANA [Vol. VII., No. 1 Pancatantra. Padyaracana of Laksmana Sastri Ankolakara, KM 89. "The Pancatantra of Durgasimha', by A. Venkatasubbiah, Zeitschrift fur Indologie u. Iranistik, 6. 255 sqq. 'Eine vierte Jaina-Recension des Pancatantra', (Meghavijaya) von J. Hertel, ZDMG 57, pp. 639 sqq. Pancatantra, Nepali text, as quoted in PRE I, pp. 192-258 and PT I, pp. 117-35; PS, pp. 100-26. The Pancatantra, in the recension called Pancakhyanaka of the Jaina monk Purnabhadra, ed. by J. Hertel, HOS 11-2, 1908-12. Yasodhara's Pancakhyana. MSs 424 of 1879-80 and 289 of 1882-3. Deccan College, Poona. Prasangabharanam, of Srimatkavikulatilaka, Gopal Narayan and Co., Bombay, (no date). The Pancatantra, I-V, the text in its oldest form, ed. by F. Edgerton, Poona, 1930. Also: The Panchatantra Reconstructed, by F. Edgerton, 2 vols, AOS 2-3, 1924. 'Das sudliche Pancatantra: Sanskrit text der Recension B mit den Lesarten der besten HSS. der Recension a', herausg. von J. Hertel, Abh. d. phil.-hist. Klasse d. kon. sachs. Ges. d. Wiss, XXIV. 5. Leipzig. 1906. Uber das Tantrakhyayika, die Kasmirische Rezension des Pancatantra mit dem Texte der HS. Decc. Coll. VIII. 145', herausg. von. J. Hertel, Abh. d. phil.-hist. Klasse d. kon., sachs. Ges. d. Wiss., XXII. 5, Leipzig, 1904. Also The Pancatantra, (PTem) the

Jan., 1965] THE KATHA LITERATURE AND THE PURANAS Pts Pts K PTu PT, PX RA RJ RN (P) Ru Sar ShD(T) 35 Kashmirian Recension entitled Tantrakhyayika (editio minor) by J. Hertel, HOS 14, 1915. Also Tantrakhyayika, die alteste Fassung des Pancatantra aus dem Sanskrit ubersetzt von J. Hertel, I-II, Leipzig u. Berlin, 1909. Pancatantra (textus simplicior), ed. with notes by F. Kielhorn (I) and G. Buhler (II-V), BSS 1, 3, and 4, 1891-6. Pantschatantrum, sive quinquepartitum de moribus exponens. Edidit Io. Godofr. Ludov. Kosegarten, Bonnae ad Rhenum, 1848. Tantropakhyanam, ed by K. Sambasiva Sastri. Trivandrum Skt. Ser. 132. J. Hertel, Eine zweite Recension des Tantrakhyayika. ZDMG 59. 1-30. J. Hertel, Uber einen sudlichen textus amplior des Pancatantra, ZDMG 60. 769-781 and 61. 18-72. Rasaratnapradipika of Allaraja, Ed. by R. N. Dandekar. Bharatiya Vidya Series, 8. Rasikajivana of Gadadhara Bhatta, Calcutta, 1944. The Rajaniti in Ancient Proverbs and Maxims from Burmese Sources. See DhN (P). W. Ruben, Das Pancatantra und seine Morallehre. Deutsche Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin. Institut fur Orientforschung. Ver- offentlichung Nr. 44. Akademie Verlag, Berlin, 1959. Sarasvati-kanthabharana in Aufrecht's Auswahl von unedirten Strophen verschiedener Dichter, ZDMG 25. Also KM 94. She-rab Dong-bu or Prajnya Danda by Li-Thub (Nagarjuna), ed. and trans. by W. L. Campbell, Calcutta, 1919 (Tibetan).

36 SKDr Skm SkV $lt (OJ) SN(P) SP SR SRHt SRK SRN(T) Sskr SS(OJ) Sto puranam - PURANA Sabdakal padruma, I-V, 1821-44. [Vol. VII., No. 1 Saduktikarnamrta of Sridharadasa, Punjab Or. Ser. 15, Lahore, 1933. Subhasitaratnakosa by Vidyakara, ed. by D. D. Kosambi and V. V. Gokhale, HOS 42, 1957. Slokantara, an old Javanese didactic text, ed. by Sharada Rani, Dvipantarapitaka, Satapitaka Series 2, International Academy of Indian Culture, Delhi, 1957. The Suttavaddhananiti in Ancient Proverbs and Maxims from Burmese Sources. See DhN(P). The Paddhati of Sarngadhara, a Sanskrit anthology, ed. by Peter Peterson, vol. I, BSS 37, 1888. Subhasitaratna-bhandagaram, enlarged 8th ed., NSP, Bombay, 1952. Suktiratnahara of Surya, ed. by K. Sambasiva Sastri, Trivandrum Sanskrit Series 141, Trivandrum, 1938. Subhasitaratnakara, a collection of witty and epigrammatic sayings in Sanskrit, compiled and ed. by Krsna Sastri Bhatavadekar, Bombay, 1872. 'Sa-skya legs-bcad. Subhasita-ratna-nidhi', W. L. Campbell, Ost-Asiatische Zeitung, Neue Folge 2 of 1925, pp. 31-63, 159-185, (Tibetan and Mongolian). Samskrta-pathopakaraka, Calcutta, Saka 1761, as quoted in IS. Sarasamuccaya in Satapitaka Series 24, ed. by Dr. Raghu Vira, New Delhi, 1962, (Old Javanese). 'Der Textus ornatior der Sukasaptati', von Richard Schmidt, ABayA 21, Abth. 2, 1898-9.

Jan, 1965] THE KATHA LITERATURE AND THE PURANAS Sts StsA StsM StsP StsPet } SuB Subh Suk SuM TK(OJ) TP Vyas (C) VC(VCsr VCmr VCbr VCjr) 37 'Die Sukasaptati, textus simplicior', von Richard Schmidt, AKM 10.1, Leipzig, 1893. Der textus simplicior der Sukasaptati in der Recension der Handschrift A, ed. by R. Schmidt. ZDMG 24. 515-547 and 55. 1-44. Die Marathi Ubersetzung der Sukasaptati: und Deutsch, Leipzig, 1897, Marathi AKM X. 4. Sts; Petersburg MS (Asiatic Museum, No. 74) partly published in Ch. Lassen's Anthologia Sanscritica. 2nd ed. Bonna ad Rhenum, 1868, pp. 32-38. Srisuktavali, Codice Indiano, edito dal Dre. E. E. Bartoli, Napoli, 1911. Subhasitarnava, as quoted in IS. Sukasaptati Subhasitamuktavali, ed. by R. N. Dandekar, University of Poona, 1962. Tantri-Kamandaka, Een Oudjavaansche Panjatantra-Bewerking, door Dr. C. Hooykaas, Bibliotheca Javanica 2, Bandoeng, 1931, (Old Javanese). M. W. Carr, A Collection of Telugu Proverbs translated, illustrated and explained together with some Sanskrit Proverbs printed in Devanagari and Telugu characters, Madras, 1868. Vyasakaraya' in Sanskrittexte aus Ceylon herausg. von Heinz Bechert, I Teil, Munchner Studien zur Sprachwissenschaft, Beiheft D. Munchen, 1962. Vikrama's Adventures, or The Thirty-two Tales of the Throne, in four recensions: Southern (VCar.) Metrical (VCmr.), Brief (VCbr.), Jainistic (VCjr.), ed. by Franklin Edgerton, 2 vols., HOS 26, and 27, 1926.

38 Vet VP VS ZDMG a. kau . = Alk anyo . = Any a. mu . = Ap kavi . = Kt *Fc. = Damp. ca . ni . = CN ca . ni . du . = CV ca . ni . sa . = CN ca . ra . = CR ca . sa . = C ja. su . = JS 9. = P pa. ta. = VP 9. J. = Pad A. = Pras J.=BS *₁. = Bhs' madha . = MK ᎡᎫ ra. 1. = RJ. 1. 7. = RA puranam - PURANA [Vol. VII., No. 1 'Die Vetalapancavimsatika in den Recensionen des Sivadasa...', ed. by Heinrich Uhle, AKM 8.1. Also see footnote 2 above. 'Padyatarangini of Vrajanatha,' Pratikas from the study of N. A. Gore, in Poona Orientalist, Vol. II, pp. 45-56. The Subhasitavali of Vallabhadeva, Ed. by P. Peterson, BSS 31. Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenlandischen Gesellschaft. la. ca . = CL fa. = VC vr . ca . = Cv vetala . = Vet sa . =SKDr RII. 9. = S'P g.=Suk. samskr . = Sskr sadu . = Skm HT. = Sar .- Subh su . ra. = SRK su . ra. ko . = SkV su . ra. bha . = SR su . va. = VS su . su . = SuM = SRHt su . - sukta . = SuB hi . = H

ANNEX Stanzas identical in a Purana and Katha-text agni- purana 255 .35 aditya candrava (a) pancatantra (PP I. 141 & 395, Pts I 18. & 405, garuda purana 1 .108 .18 upayena hi yaccha0 PtsK I 198 & 453, PD 309.133) ; hitopadesa 11. 111; (tu ' vikramacarita [VCsr 25.1 (p. 327a), II] (a) mahabharata 1 .74 .2= (tu manava- dharmasastra 886, narada 1 .277- 9 ). (i) su .ra.bha 174 .886, sara ° 884 . 140, IS 930. (a) vetala 1 .106 (11 .4) (tu pancatantra [PD 302.16]). (a) ca . ni . sa . (CNW 100). (i) ra pra . 5.23, IS 1306. (u) JSAIL 24.143-4. 1.108 .22 yasya bharya virupaksi (a) sukasaptati (Sto 52.1). (a) ca .ra . 1.35, ca ni . du . 2.81, vr .ca . 7.30 ca .ni . (CNI I 170, CNG 17, Cn T II 16.6, CnT 1II 7b 2, CnT V 56, CnT VII 151), CPS 8.22. (tula vr .ca . 7.4, ca .sa . 2.82, ca . ra . 1039 ). (i) su .ra.bha . 351 .1, su .ra. 117 .1, IS. 5445.

40 puranam -- PURANA [Vol. VII., No. 1 (i) TK (OJ) 13, NS' (OJ) 5.5. 1.108 .25 dusta bharya satam mi0 (a) hitopadesa II 120. (a) ca .ra . 1.40, ca .ni .da. 1.5, vr .ca . 1.5, ca .ni . 41 . (CnT II 1.6, Cn'T III 1.6, CnT VI 6, CnT V 5), CPS 19.50. (i) su .ra.bha . 155 .111, su 192 . 58, su .ra. 223 .21, pa .ta. 9.5, IS 2891. 1.108 .26 tyaja durjanasamsarga bha0 (a) hitopadesa III. 24 (caiva HS 1.109 .1 apadarthe dhanam raksed ad p. 85, line 11). (a) ca .ra . 2.11, ca .ni . du . 14 .20, vr . ca . 6.17, ca .sa . 1.100, ca .ni . "B", (CnT II 9.4, CnTIII 6.12, CnT VI 102, CnTV 42, CnTI 24), CPS 294.13, bhartr . 529 . (i) sa .pa. 734, IS 2621. (i) TK (OJ) 43, LN (P) 42, DhN (P) 408, NKy (B) 59, Vyas(C) 64. (u) JSAIL 24.55. (a) pancatantra ( Pts. I. 356 & III. 86), hitopadesa 2 .43, vikramacarita (VCsr 12. 1, VCjr 20.1), sukasaptati (Sto 321. 12-3), vetala • 19 .16, madha . 106 . (a) ca . ra . 2.1, ca . ni . da. 1.6, vr . ca . 106, ca . ni . 27, mahabharata 1 .160, 27 ca 5,37 .18, manavadharmasastra 7 . 213 (tu prabandhacintamani 43 ).

Jan., 1965] THE KATHA LITERATURE AND THE PURANAS 1.109 .4 calatyekena padena 41 (i) su .ra.bha 161 .348, viramitrodaya, rajaniti 413 .2-3, rajaniti- ratnakara 31 .16-7, IS 958. (i) NM (T) 3.5. (u) Cf. JSAIL 24. 23-4 ; 27. 248-50; 30. 56. (a) pancatantra (PP I. 77), hito- padesa 1 .107 . (a) ca .ra . 2.6, vr .ca . 1.8, ca . ni . 30 (CnT II. 1, CnT III. 1. 13, CnT VI 14), CPS 41.44. (i) sa .pa. 1463, su .ra. bha 154 . 35, IS 2264. (i) LN (P) 159, DhN (P) 83, NKy(B) 182. (u) Cf. JSAIL 24.44. 1.106 .8 apatsu mitram janiyat (a) hitopadesa 1 .74 . (a) ca .ra . 2.14, CPS 21 .57 . (i) su .va. 2793, su . 190 .35 ca 237 .12, su .ra.bha . 163,445, sabda- bharya, IS 954. (u) Cf. JSAIL 24.98. 1.109 .9 vrksam ksinaphalam tyajanti (a) pancatantra (PtsK II. 102). (a) ca .ra . 2.15, ca . ni . (CNP II 23), CPS 31.19, bhartr . 753, saptaratna 4, vanaryastaka 8 . (i) sa .pa. 1543, su .ra.bha . 178 . 1013, sukti 14 .2, su . 156, IS 6246. 6

42 puranam - PURANA 1.109 .10 lubdhamarthapradanena [Vol. VII., No. 1 (a) pancatantra ( PS I. 26), hito- padesa 4 .108 . (a) ca . ra . 2.16, ca . ni . du . 6.11, vr .ca . 6.1, ca . ni . 31 (CnT II 8.5, CnT III 6.1, CnT VI 91), CPS 172. 105. (i) su .ra.bha . 255 .,97 IS 6860. (i) LN (P) 78, DhN (P) 98, NKy(B)108, NM(T) 3.7. 1.109,12 uttamam pranipatena (a) pancatantra (PP 4. 61, Pts 1.109,13 4.109 & 114, PtsK 4.74 & 80, PM 4. 68; [cf. PD 302.37, PS 1. 26]). (a) ca .ra . 2.18, vr .ca . 7,7, ca . sa . 2.6, ca .ni . (CNP I 6, CNG 24, CNI I 256, CNT IV 5, CNM 5, CNMN 5. CnT II 7. 3, CnT III 7 b 11), CPS 38.35. ( tu0ca .ra . 2.16, ca .ni da . 6.11, vr .ca . 6.2, ca . ni . 31, mahabharata 3 .164 .7 ca 1 .182,48-6 ; bhartr . 653, navaratna 1 ). (i) su .ra.bha . 158, 246, IS 1174. yasya yasya hi yo bhavat (a) pancatantra (PT I. 28, PTem I. 25, PS I. 25, PN II. 22, PP I. 53, Pts I. 63, PtsK I. 78, PREI. 29, PD 299. 1), hitopadesa II, 51 ( tu0 kathasaritsagara 10 .60,36 ).

Jan., 1965] THE KATHA LITERATURE AND THE PURANAS 43 (a) ca .ra . 2.19, vr .ca . 6.3, ca . ni . (ONPh 10, CNI I 255, CNG 25, CNI II 50, CnT II 8.7, CnT III 6.3, Cn T VI 93, Cn'T V 71), CPS 34. 27. 163 . 478, (i) su . ra. bha . su . 147, 37, mu . su . 23 .35 . pa.ta. 6.6, IS 5393. (u) Ru 27, JSAIL 24.12. 1.1-9 .24 nadinam ca nakhinam ca (a) pancatantra (PPI. 52, PM 1.109 .25 I. 41,PTu I 45), hitopadesa 1 .18, vikramacarita (VCsr VII. 8, VCjr VII. 1), sukasaptati (Sts 20.9-10). (a) ca . ra .2.21 . ca .ni . du . 1.15, vr . ca . 1.16, ca . sa . 3.48, ca . ni . 25 (CnT II 2.5, CnT III 1. 17, CnT VI 18), CPS 23.61. (i) su .ra.bha . 154 .79, sukta . B 23 . 48, su . 135 .18 ca 195 .95, sara .33 .48, ujjvala, unadisutra 4 .133, pa .ta 9 .3, IS 3214. (i) TK (OJ ) 16 & 76, NS (OJ) 13. 2, SIt (OJ) 23, DhN (P)239, SN (P)52, NM (T) 5.9. (u) JSAIL 24. 72. arthanasam manastapam (a) hitopadesa 1 .138, vetala 1 .26 ( tu Intr 95 [6. v. 11], N, PXI. 26), sukasaptati (Sts 40. 10-1 & 63. 7-8), madha0 82 .

44 puranam - PURANA [Vol. VII., No. 1 (a) ca .ra . 2.22, ca .ni .du . 7.1, br .ca . 5.11, ca . ni . 32 (CnT II, 7. 11, CnT III 5. 11, CnT VI 85, CnTV 22), CPS 179. 11. (i) sa .pa. 1458, su .ra.bha . 153 . 28, su 191 .48, bu . 2.618, IS 583. (i) LN (P) 28, Dh N (P) 52. (u) JAOS 55. 75, JSAIL 24. 130. 1.106 . 18 ko'rthanprapya na garvito (a) pancatantra (PT 1.90, PTem I. 82, PS I. 79, PN II. 58, PP I. 109, Pts I.146, PtsKI. 162, PRE 1. 89), hitopadesa 2 .152, vikra- macarita (VCsr VI.15), sukasaptati (Sts 22.31) (tu kathasaritsagara 10 .60, 139 ). (a) ca .ra . 2.24, ca .ni .da. 16 .4, CPS 237.16, sadta 2 . (i) sa .pa. 1534, su .va. 3470, su .ra.bha . 178 .1011, sadu . 5. 36, 2, su .su . 10 .31, su . 69, IS 1942. (u) Ru 57, JSAIL 24. 18. 1.109 . 20 yasmindese na sammanam (a) hitopadesa 1 .106, sukasaptati (Sto 4.1). (a) ca . ra . 2.26, ca .ni .da. 1.8, vr .ca . 1.9, ca .ni . 35 (CnT II 1.8, CnT III 1.8, CnT

Jan., 1965] THE KATHA LITERATURE AND THE PURANAS 45 VI 8, CnTV 7), CPS 20.53. (i) su .ra.bha . 155 .88, su .ra. 224 . 30, sabda-parivarjinam, samskr . 54, IS 5352. (i) LN (P) 114 ( & 158), DhN (P) 79, NKy (B) 142, SRN(T)342. (u) JSAIL 24.13. 1.109 . 28 atiklesena ye'pyarthi (a) sukasaptati (Sto 35.1) Sts 22. 1, Sts Pet MS 32b). (a) ca .ra . 2.37, ca .ni .da. 16 .11, ca . ni . (CNG 181, CNT IV 198), CPS 310.10, mahabharata 5 .38, 76-77 . (i) su .ra.bha . 379 .96, IS 128. (i) SS (OJ) 272. 1.109 . 32 janiyatpresane bhrtyan (a) vetala 4 .7. 1. 109 .33 strinam (aharo ) dviguna aharah (a) ca .ra . 2.40, ca .ni . du . 1.11, vr . ca 1 .12, ca .sa . 1.72, ca .ni . 19 ( CnT II 2.2, CnT III 1.14, CnT VI 15), CPS 21.56. (i) su .ra.bha . 155 .98, su . 191 . 49, su . 91, su . su . 23 .48, IS 2405. (i) LN (P) 82, DhN (P) 202, NKy(B) 112. (a) hitopadesa 20118 ca 4 .8. (a) ca . ra . 2.41, ca .ni .da. 1.17, vr . ca . 1.18, ca . ni . 76 (CnT II 2.8, CnT III

46 puranam - PURANA 1.109 .37 suvesam (surupam ) purusam drstva [Vol. VII., No. 1 1.20, CnT VI 21), CPS 23.63, pancaratra 1 .14,96 . (tu 1 .14 .112, brahmavaivartapurana sabda - nari ). (i) su .ra.bha . 162 .409 (tu 348 . 6), su .ra. 115 .4, TP 59), IS 1082 (tu 7204). (i) LN (P) 161, DhN (P) 164, NKy (B) 206, ShD (T) 182, NS (OJ) 13.8. (u) JSAIL 24.68-9. (a) hitopadesa (HS 1.110, HH 24.18-9, HC 33.10-1, HK 1.116, HP 1.87). (tu vetala 3 .9, vikramacarita VCsr II. 13 [p. 259b]). (a) ca .ra . 2.45 (tu ca .ni . [CNI I 159, CnT II 23. 9, CnT III 57.3], nilaka . mahabharata, Calcutta ed. 3.11078, pancaratra 1 .14,77 ). (i) IS 7135 (tu su .ra.bha . 349 . 40 ). (u) JSAIL 24.80; 22.24. 1.109 .38 nadyasca naryasca sama0 (a) pancatantra (Pts KI. 227 ) . (a) ca . ra . 2.46 ( tu 2 .47 ), CPS 42.46. (i) IS 3309. (i) LN (P) 104, NKy (B) 130.

47 Jan., 1965] THE KATHA LITERATURE AND THE PURANAS 1.109 .40 nagnistrpyati kasthanam (a) pancatantra (PP I. 106, Pts I. 137, PtsK I. 153), hitopadesa 2 .114, vikramacarita (VCsr VI 10), madha . 156 . (a) ca .ra . 2.48, vr . ca . 7.8, ca . ni . (CNF 41, CNI I 172, CNT IV 12, CNP I 13, CNMN 12, CNM 12), CPS 377.12, maha- bharata 5 .39,7 ca 13 .38, 25, pancaratra 1 .14, 99, bhartr . 571 . (i) sa .pa. 1468, su .ra.bha . 154 . 60, su . 78 .7, su . 218, pa . ta. 9.89, IS 3547. (i) SS (OJ) 437. (u) JSAIL 24.78 ; 30.67. 1. 106 .45 na danena na manena (a) hitopadesa 2 . 115 . (a) ca . ra . 1.41, CPS 9.26. (i) su . va. 2773, su . ra. bha . 346 . 36, IS 3283. (u) JSAIL 24. 73. 1.106 .50 ye balabhave na pathanti (a) vetala 21 .13, vikramacarita (VCsr 9.1 ). (a) (tu ca . ra . 2.57, CPS 45.54). (i) su . va. 3436, su . 101, IS 5550. 1.106 .53 anuktamapyuhati pandito (a) pancatantra (PT I. 16, PTem ( udirito'rthah pa ) I. 13, PS I, 19, PN II 14 & III. 6, PP I. 20,

48 puranam- PURANA 1.110 .1 yo dhravani paritya 1 .110 .4 agnihotraphala vedah [Vol. VII,, No. 1 Pts I. 43, PtsKI. 49, PRE I. 18, PD 300.9, PM I 21), hitopadesa 2 .46, vikramacarita (VCjr 22.5, 1 [p. 312]), vetala 1 .7, suka- saptati (Sto 19.1, Sts 11.3). (a) ca . ra . 2.60, ca . ni . (CNP II 30, CNI I 16), CPS 46.57, bhartr . 427 . (i) sa . pa. 200, su . ra. bha . 174, 911, su .ra. 33 .9, su . 37 .36, su . su . 6.15, pa . ta. 3.3, IS 1236. (i) Ru 22, JSAIL 24.40. (a) pancatantra (PP II. 143, Pts II. 137, PtsK II 144, PD 302.41, PM II 55), hitopadesa 1 .227 . (a) ca . ra . 3.1, ca . ni . da. 1.13, vr . ca . 1.14, ca . ni . 61, (CnT II 2. 4, CnT III 1. 16, CnT VI 17), CPS 22. 59, raghunandana, smrti- tattva 1 .351, 24-5 . (i) su . ra.. bha . 162 . 394, su . 164 .80, su . 218, sabda- nitisara, IS 5600. (a) pancatantra (PP II 150, Pts II 147, PtsK II 154). ( tu vikramacarita [VCsr 11.2, VCm 5. 60-1, VCjr 5. 5]),

Jan., 1965] THE KATHA LITERATURE AND THE PURANAS 1.110 .5 varayet kulajam prajno 49 (a) ca . ra . 3.4, vr . ca . 8.4, ca . sa . 3088, ca .ni . (CNP II. 9, CNG 54, ( tu 311 ) CNF 106, CNPh 19, CNI II 78, CLS 3. 2), CPS 58. 2, mahabharata 2 .5.112 ca . 5.38, 66-67 . (i) su . ra. bha . 165 . 536, su . va. 3428, su . 237 . 21, IS 71. (3) NS' (OJ) 1. 14, TK (OJ) 17. (a) vetala ° 7.4. (a) ca . ra . 3.5, ca .ni . du . 1.14, vr . ca .1.15, ca .sa . 2.61, ca . ni . (CNPh 20, CNI I 154, CNG 165, CnT II 2.6, ca 25.6, CnT III I. 18, CnTV 19, CnT VII 12), CPS 22.60. (i) IS 5982. (i) TK (OJ) 30. 1. 110 .11 sthanesveva prayoktavya (a) pancatantra (PT I. 35, PTem 7 I. 31, PS I. 34, PP I. 60, Pts I. 72, PtsK I. 82, PRE I. 35, PM I. 46), hitopadesa 2 .70 (tu0 HS 4.11 ). (a) ca .ra . 3.10, ca .ni . (CNG 56), CPS 59.24. (i) su .va. 2844, su .ra.bha . 164 . 480, pa .ta. 9.8, IS 7221.

50 puranam - PURANA 1.110 .13 kusumastavakasyeva [Vol. VII., No. 1 (u) Ru 29, JSAIL 24. 117. (a) hitopadesa 1 .142 . (a) ca . ra . 3.12, CPS 59.26, bhartr 34 . (i) sa .pa.264, su .va. 201 ca . 506, su .ra.bha .76 .4.su .ra. 48 .9, su 126 .2, su .ra. ko . 1221, ra . 1431, ja .su . 56 .2, su .308, IS 1845. (i) ShD (T) 26. (u) JSAIL 24.37. 1.110 .14 karnabhusana samgrahocito (a) pancatantra (PTI. 36, Prem 1. 110 .15 vajivaranalauhanam I. 32, PS I. 35, PN II. 26, PP I. 63, Pts I. 75, PtsK I. 85, PRE I. 36) hitopadesa 2071 . (a) ca .ra . 3.46 . (i) su .va.898, sadu . 4.16 .1, su .ra. ko . 1672, su .ra.bha . 175 .939, su . 31 .32, su .ra. 240 .91, a- nyo .89 .36, IS 1526. (u) Ru 29, JSAIL 24. 118. (a) pancatantra ( PT I. 40, PTem I.36, PPI. 328, PRE PM I. 135), I. 41, hitopadesa 2 .38, vetala 3 .7, vikramacarita (VCsr 26.4), sukasaptati (Sts 59.13), magha 121 . (a) ca .ra . 3.13, vr .ca .8.8, ca . ni . (CNG 57, CNI I. 222, CNHU 18, CNT IV

Jan., 1965] THE KATHA LITERATURE AND THE PURANAS 51 1. 110 .16 kadarthitasyapi hi 1 .110 .19 sakrddustam ca yo mitram 246, CnT V 45), CPS 74. 59, padmapurana, srstikhanda 18 .62 . (i) su .ra.bha . 163 .474, su . 207, IS 6029. ( u ) Ru 32, JSAIL 24.135. (a) pancatantra (PI I. 31, PTem I. 28, PS I. 32, PN II. 24, PRE I. 31), hitopadesa 2 . 67 . (a) ca . ra . 3.39, bhartr . 226 . (i) sa .pa. 227, su .va. 316 ca 528 su .ra.bha . 77 .8, su .ra. 51 .4, su . 126 .7, IS 1519. (u) Ru 28, JSAIL 24.125. (a) pancatantra (PTII. 29, PTem II. 29, PS II. 19, PN I. 17, PP II. 27 ca IV. 13, Pts II. 32 ca IV 14, PtsKII 33 ca IV 13, PRE II 19), hitopadesa 2 .147 . (a) ca .ra . 3.15, ca .ni . 17, CPS 62.33, mahabharata 1 . 142, 82 ( a, a ) ca 12 .140, 30 (i, i ). (i) su .va. 27-57, su .ra.bha . 161 . 345, su . 155 .3, IS 6656. (i) LN (P) 85, NKy (B) 110, NM(T) 6.12. (u) Ru 95, JSAIL 24.104.

52 puranam - PURANA 1.110 .21 upakaragrhitena (satrumutpatayetpra ) [Vol. VII., No. 1 (a) (tu pancatantra [PP IV 16, Pts IV 18, PtsK IV 19, PM IV 13]). (a) (tu ca .ra . 3.16, ca . sa . 2.9, ca .ni . 20 [CNT IV 13], CPS 369.50). (i) (tu sa .pa. 1303, su .ra.bha . 149 .314, su . su . 23 .31, IS 6374). 1.110 .26 dhanikah srotriyo raja (a) hitopadesa 1 .110 . (a) ca .ra . "B", ca .ni . du . 1.9, vr .ca . 1.10, ca .ni . 34, (CnT II 1.9, CnT III 1.9, CnT VI 9, CnT V 10). (tu ca .ra . 3.22, CPS 20.55. (i) sa .pa. 1465, su .ra.bha . 153 . 34, IS 3861. (i) LN(P) 113, DhN(P) 78, NKy(B) 141. (u) JSAIL 24.11. 1.111 .3 puspatpuspam vicinviyan (a) pancatantra (PM I. 82). (puspam puspam vicinu ) (a) ca .ra . 4.3, ca .sa . 2.17, CPS 84.2. (tu ca .ra . 4.4-5 ; CRT 4.6, vr .ca . 6.13, CNG 85), mahabharata 5 .33,17 . 388 .449, su . (i) su .ra.bha . 181 .2, IS 4152. (i) (DhN(P) 182, RN (P) 93, ShD (T) 8, SRN (T) 323.

Jan., 1965] THE KATHA LITERATURE AND THE PURANAS 53 1.111 .12 matrvat paradaresu (a) pancatantra (PT III 63, PTem III 49, PS III 39, PN III. 32, PP I 390, Pts I 402, PtsK I 450, PRE III 52, PMI 173), hitopadesa 1 .13, vetala 16 .12 . (a) ca .ra . (CRC& II 18), ca .ni . du . 12 .14, ca .ni . 3 (CnT II 19.6, CnT III 52.1), CPS 296.19. (tu padmapurana srstikhanda 19 .359 ). (i) brahmadharma 2 .11, 8, su .ra.bha . 159 .254, su .su . 26 .8, sukta 5 .5, su . 178, samskr . 53, TP 383, IS 4805. (i) DhN(P) 53, Vyas(C) 48. (u) JSAIL 24.43. 1.111 .17 yasyarthastasya mitrani (a) pancatantra (PT II 52, PS II 31, PN I 28), Pts I 3, PtsK I 3, PRE II 31, PM I 3), hitopadesa 1 .134, vikramacarita (VCsr 12.5), sukasaptati (Sto Intr 39, StoVI 3, Sts A VI 2, StsM VI. 2), (tu brhatkatha- manjari 16 .442 ). (a) ca . ra . 4.12, ca .ni .da. 7.15, vr .ca . 6.8, ca .ni . (CNP I 51, CNP II 76, CNI, I 67, CNG 238, CNT IV 50, CnT II 10.11, CnT

54 puranam - PURANA III 7.21, [Vol. VII., No. 1 CnT V 35, CnT I 19), CPS 172. 103, mahabharata 12 .8, 16, ramayana 6 .83 .35 . (i) su .va. 2816 su .ra.bha . 65 .6, su . su . 4.3, su .ra. 44 .7, IS 5409. (i) LN (P) 167, NKy (B) 211, NM (T) 6.7, SRN (T)49. (3) Ru 102, JSAIL 24. 16; 30.80. 1. 111 .18 tyajanti mitrani dhanair (a) pancatantra ( PT II 1. 112 .1 bhrtya bahuvidha jneya (trividhah purusa ra ) 54, PP II. 106, PRE II 33 ). (a) ca .ra . 4.14, ca . ni . sa . 15 .5, vr .ca . 6.9, ca .ni . (CnT I 44), CPS 307.2. (i) su .ra.bha . 64 .10, su .ra. 44 .15, su .su . 4.13, IS 2622. (i) LN(P) 81, DhN (P) 75, NKy(B) 111, NM (T) 6.8. (u) Ru 103. (a) (tu ° hitopadesa II. 69 ). (a) (tu ca .ra . [CRT 5.11 ], ca .sa . 1.73, ca . ni . [CNI I 267, CNG 79, ca .ra . 5.1]), mahabharata 5 .32, 67, ramayana 6 .8, 6 ). (i) ( tu sa . pa. 1366, su . ra. bha . 146 .155, su . 143 .3, IS 2646). (i) (tu ° NS (OJ) 15. 3).

Jan., 1965] THE KATHA LITERATURE AND THE PURANAS 55 1. 112 .15 durjanah parihartavyo (a) hitopadesa 2 .61 . (a) ca . ra . 3.26, ca . sa . 3.35, ca .ni . 23 (CnT II 15.12, CnT III 7.84, CnT V 126), CPS 358. 1. ( tu ca . sa . 3.32, ca . ni . 24, vr . ca . 2.8 ), bhartr . 27 . (i) sa . pa. 354, su . va. 355, su . ra. bha . 54 .5, su .ra. 22 .1, su . su . 10 .7, samskr . 55, IS 2850. (i) Vyas (C) 34. (u) JSAIL 24.61. 1.112,17 tulyartham tulyasamarthya (a) pancatantra (Pts I 248, PtsK I. 278). (a) ca . ra . 5.21, ca . ni . (CNPh 108, CNP II 197, CNI I 257, CNG 83, CNT IV 232, CnT II 6. 12, CnT III 4. 19, CnT VI 74, CnT VII 43), CPS 116. 23. (i) sa . pa. 1367, su .ra.bha . 146 . 156, su . su . 23 .50, pa . ta. ha. 114, IS 2584. (i) NM (T) 6.16. 1.113 .8 anjanasya ksayam drstva (a) hitopadesa II. 9. (a) ca . ra . 5.36, vr . ca . 6.15, ca . ni . (CNSK 75), CPS 125. 48. (i) sa . pa. 650, su . va. 2684, su .ra.bha . 154 .43, su . 187 .2, IS 115.

56 puranam - PURANA [Vol. VII., No. 1 (i) NM (T) 4.2 (a, a ) + 4.4 (i, i ), SN (P) 60. (u) JSAIL 24. 129. 2.113 .6 vane'pi dosah prabhavanti (a) pancatantra (PS IV. 6, PN 1. 113 .15 brahma yena kulalava ' 1.113,18 suratvayukta mrdumanda ( yasmindese ca ] IV.2, PRE IV 14), hitopadesa 4 .87 . (a) ca . ra . 5.42, ca . ni . (CNI I 285), padmapurana, srstikhanda 16 .317, santisataka 2 .23 . (i) su . 261 .20, su .ra.bha . 174 . 905, su . 216, kavi . 62, IS 5929. (3) JSAIL 24. 138. (a) vikramacarita ( (VCsr 27.5), vetala ' XVII. 1, magha 85 . (a) ca . ra . 6.7, ca .ni . (CNI I 191), CPS 141. 18, bharta 285, astaratta 4 . (i) sa . pa. 435, su . va. 3102, su . ra. bha . 63 .68, su . ra. 76 . 1, su . 155, IS 4497. (a) ( tu pancatantra [PP II. 62, Pts II. 75, PtsK II. 79, PPY 71 (-)]), vetala ' 24 (203 ). (a) (tu 'ca .ra . [CRC & II. 28]), mahabharata 12 .181, 10 ca 12 . 322,10, bhagavatapurana 6 .1, 45 ). (i) (tu su .ra.bha . 155 .88, su su . 8.28, su .ra. 224 .30, IS 5351).

Jan., 1965] THE KATHA LITERATURE AND THE PURANAS 57 1.113 .21 durgastrikutah parikha 1 . 113 .22 yasminvayasi yatkale 1 .113 .42 daridrasya manusyasya 1 .113 .48 napraptakalo mriyate ( yadabhavi na tadbha ) (a) pancatantra ((Pts V. 90, PtsK V. 76, PM III. 65), vetala ' 23 .13 . (a) ca .ra . 6.13, CPS 138.12. (i) su .ra.bha . 383 .271, IS 2844. (a) pancatantra (PT II. 136, PTem II. 118). (a) ca .ra . (CRCaII. 30). (u) Ru 120. (a) pancatantra (PI II. 55). (a) ca .ra . 6.34, CPS 164. 82. (i) SS (OJ) 288. (u) Ru 103. (a) (tu pancatantra [PT II. 113, PTem II. 102, PS II. 66, PN I.62, PP V. 53, Pts V. 71-2 ca II. 9, 105, PtsK II. 11 ca 113, PRE II. 68] hitopadesa prastavana 26 ca 4 .9, vikramacarita [VCsr VII. 13 ca 12, 3-4, VCmr 12.38-9, VCjr 12.6.]). (a) (tu ca .ra . 6.41-42, ca .ni . [CNL 91, CNG 232, CNP II. 38, CnT II. 19.1, OnT III. 87, CNI I 178], la.ca . 8.10, bhartr, 666 ca 569, mahabharata 13 .163, 11, bhagavatapurana 7 .2.40, pancaratra 1, 3, 20 ). (i) (tu su .va. 262, sr . 266 .26, su .ra.bha 262 .429, IS 5781). 8

58 puranam - PURANA 1.113 .49 labdhavyanyeva labhate 1 .113 .51 silam kulam naiva na caiva ( naivakrtih phalati ) 1.113 .53-54 yatha dhenusahasresu [Vol. VII., No. 1 (i) (tu ° SS (OJ) 383, Vyas (C) 68). (u) (tu ° Ru 114). (a) pancatantra (PT II. 120, PTem II. 109). (a) ca .ra . 6.42 (tu 6 .41 ), CPS 157. 45, mahabharata 12 .226,22 . (i) IS 5831. (u) Ru 116. N (a) pancatantra (PT II 115, PTem II 104), vikramacarita (VCsr 14.4 ca 27.7). (a) ca . ra . 6.45, CPS 150.44, bhartr 40, prabandhacintamani 3 .170 . (i) su .va. 3100, su .ra. 76 .6, su .ra. bha . 92 .72, su . 50 .23, su . su . 8.23, su 108, IS 3825. (u) Ru 115. (a) pancatantra (PTII 106, PTem II. 95, PP 2. 135, Pts II 125, PtsK II 134, PM II. 46, PT II 95). (a) ca .ra . 6.47, ca .ni .da. 13 . 14, ca . ni . (CNP II. 247, CNG 233, CNT IV 261, CnT II 20. 9, CnT III 53. 8), CPS 316.29, mahabharata 12 .181, 16 ca 12 .322 .16 ca 137, 22-23, padmapurana bhumikhanda 81 .47 .

Jan., 1965] THE KATHA LITERATURE AND THE PURANAS 1. 113 .57 nicah sarsapamatrani (paniyam va nirayasam ) 1. 114 .2 sokatranam bhayatranam 1 . 114 .4 na matari na daresu 59 (i) su .va. 3081, su .ra. 76 .3, su .ra. bha . 91 .12, su . 49 .5, su .su . 8.31, su . 243, IS 5114. (u) Ru 113. (a) (tu hitopadesa 1 .160 ). (a) (tu ' ca . ra . 6.46, CPS 165. 86, mahabharata 12 .111 .32 ). (i) (tu su . va. 2732, su . ra. bha . 136 .45, IS 4047). (u) JSAIL 38.87; 24.147. (a) pancatantra (PT II 170 & IV. 7, PTem II 152, PS II 83 & IV. 3, PN I. 79 & IV 3, PP II. 195, Pts II. 179, PtsK II. 194, cf. II. 59, PRE II. 95 and 4.7, PM II. 73), hitopadesa 1,225 . (a) ca . ra . 7.2, ca .ni . (CNG 134). ( tu vr .ca . [CvL I 8.33]), bhojaprabandha 148 . (i) su .va. 2700, sa .pa. 1473, su .ra.bha . 88 . 14, su . 108 .6, ja . su . 427 .8, su . ra. 55 .9, subhasitasaravali, su . ra. bha . 360 .526, pa .ta. 4.11, IS 6527. (u) Ru 127, JSAIL 24.97. (a) pancatantra ( PS II 79, PNI 75, PP II 190, PTsK II 190, PRE II 89), feat- padesa 1 .222 .

60 puranam - PURANA [Vol. VII., No. 1 (a) ca . ra . 7.3, CPS 177.5. (i) sa . pa. 1472, su . va. 2701, su .ra.bha . 88 .13, su . 108,5, su .ra. 55 .8, IS 3370. (u) JSAIL 24.99. 1.114 .6 matra svasra duhitra va (a) hitopadesa 1 .126 . (a) ca . ra . (CRC 7.9), manava- dharmasastra 1 .215, bhagavatapurana 1 .114 .9 ksanam nasti raho nasti (sthanam nasti ksane ) 6, 16, 17 bhavisyapurana brahmaparvan 4 .184 (tu mahabharata 13 .48, 37-38 ca [Poona edition] 12 .207, 12, apa- stambiya 1 .2,7, 3, 7-11 ;1,1 .3, 16, baudhayana 1, 2, 3, 23,33, manavadharmasastra 2 . 214-5, 2 . 94, sukraniti 3 .18 ). (i) su .va. 2780, su .ra.bha . 154 .45, sa .pa. 654, IS 4809. (i) SS (OJ) 448. (u) JSAIL 22. 12 ; 24. 77. (a) pancatantra (PP I 107, Pts I 138, PtsK I.154), hitopadesa 1 .123, vikramacarita (VOsrVI 11), vetala0 24 .2. (a) ca .ra . 7.6, ca .ni . (CNF 69, CNPN 54, CNI I 157, CNG 138), pancaratra 1 .24, 76 . (i) sa .pa. 1499, ra . 814, pa .la. 52 . 35, su .ra.bha . 348 . 12, IS 7222. (u) JSAIL 22. 19 ; 24. 74.

jan., 1965] THE KATHA LITERATURE AND THE PURANAS 1. 114 .19 chalena mitram kalusena (sathyena mi0 ) 1.114 .32 kupodakam vadacchaya 1 . 114 .47 na visvasedavisvastam 61 (a) pancatantra (PT I. 153, PTem I. 140, PS I. 132, PN II 106, PP I. 373, PRE I. 144, PM I 1.59). (tu kathasaritsagara, 10 .60,203 ). (a) ca .ra . 7.18 . (i) sa . pa. 1538, su .va. 2918, su .ra.bha . 172 .816, su . 3026 . (u) Ru 76. (a) hitopadesa 1 .206 . (a) ca . ni . 94, CPS 210. 89. (tu0 ca .ra . 7.26 ). (i) su .ra.bha . 162 .421, IS 1850. (u) JSAIL 24.70. (a) pancatantra ( Pts II. 39 & IV. 13, PtsK II. 43 & IV. 14, PP IV. 12), suka- saptati (Sts 21. 3, StsA 23.2, Sts Pet 28 b). (a) ca . ra . 7.42, ca . sa . 3.47, ca . ni . (CNPh 39, CNI I. 102, CNIII. 47, CNG 87), mahabharata 1 .142, 60- 61 ca 5 .37, 6, ca 12 .138, 142, harivamsa 1964 . (i) sa . pa. 1301, su .va. 2734, su . su 23 .19, sabda- visvasta ca visvasa, kavi 67, IS 3433. (i) NM (T) 4.8. 1.114 .54 satkarno bhidyate mantraca (a) pancatantra (PM I. 53; cf. Pts I. 99, PtsKI. 122), vetala Intr. 13 . ( tu hitopadesa 3 .39 ).

62 puranam - PURANA 1. 114 .55 taya gava kim kriyate 1 .114 .58 eko hi gunavan putro ( varameko guni putro ) [Vol. VII., No. 1 (a) ca .ra . 7.55, ca .ni . (CNP II. 218, CNT IV. 247 ), CPS 207.82. ( tu skandapurana kasikhanda 21,63 ). (i) sa . pa. 1354, su .va. 2718, su .ra.bha . 146 .154 (tu 147 . 227 ), su . ra. 228 .77, IS 6603. (a) pancatantra ( PS Km 4 PN Km 3, PP Km 3, Pts Km 4, PtsK Km 5, PRE Km 3, PM Km 3), hitopadesa prastavana 12, vikrama- carita (VCsr 21.2), suka- saptati (Sto Intr. 42). (a) ca . ra . 7.56, ca .ni . du . 4.9, ca . ni . (CNSC 7, CNS 17, CNSL 7, CNS' '7), CPS 100.49), brhaspatismrti 26 . 36, hanumannataka 53 .15 . (i) su . va. 2727, su .ra.bha . 90 .2, su 93 .5, su .ra. 121 .2, IS 1941 & 1748. (a) hitopadesa prastavana 17 . (a) ca . ra . 7,59, ca .ni . du . 4.6,la . ca . "0", ca .ni . 8 (CnT I. 31), CPS 98. 46, bhagavata- purana 10 .114 . 58 . (i) su .va. 1730, su .ra.bha . 90 .7, su .ra. 120 .1, sukta . 11 .3, su . su .23 .39, su . 132, IS 5971. (u) JSAIL 24. 93. 6

Jan., 1965] THE KATHA LITERATURE AND THE PURANAS 63 1. 114 .60 jayamano hareddaran 1 .114 .66 bahunamalpasaranam 1 .114 .66 brahmaghne ca surape ca (a) vikramacarita (Oa after VCbr 4. 0. 10), sukasaptati (So Intr 17). (a) ca . ra . 7.62, CPS 192.148. (i) su .va. 3367 . (a) pancatantra ( PT I. 14, PTem I. 11, PP I. 1334, PtsI. 335, PtsKI. 376, PML 137), (tu hitopadesa 1 .35 ). (a) ca .ra . (CRC 7.85, CRB 7.80, CRBh II. 7.37), CPS 184.24. (i) sa .pa. 1326, su .va. 2742, su . ra. bha . 144 .83-84 (tu 83 .2), su . 163 .72, ja .su . 403 .9, IS 4425 (cf. 648, su .ra. 227 .73 ). LN (P) 132, DhN (P) 159, NKy (B) 217. (u) Ru 20. (a) pancatantra (PP I. 248 & IV. 10, Pts III 157 & IV.10, PtsK IV 11, PM I. 95). (a) ca . ra . 7.72, CPS 185.29, ramayana 4 .34 .12 . (i) sa . pa. 704, su . va. 2988, sabda - niskrtih, IS 2198. (i) SS (OJ) 328. 1. 114 .72 nopeksitavyo durbuddhih (a) pancatantra (PT III 142, PT g III. 147). (a) ca . ra . 8.44, CPS 242,60,

64 puranam - PURANA [Vol. VII., No. 1 (i) sa .pa. 1304, su .va. 2762, su . 174 .37, su .ra.bha . 146 . 315, IS 3837. (i) SRN (T) 282. (u) Ru 162. 1.115 .2 dharmah pravrajitastapah (a) vetala ' 5.4 (ad 21.58,42). (a) ca .ra . [ 8.1, CPS 220.5, bhartr, 543 . (i) su .va. 3076, su .ra.bha . 386 . 48 ( tu 66 .25 ), su .ra. 64 .6, su .su . 30 .1, su . 85, IS 3092. 1.115 .3 dhanyaste ye na pasyanti (a) pancatantra (PP II 43 & V. 1.115 .15 nabhiseko na samskara 58, Pts V 78, PtsK V 65 [cf. Pts II 53, I 320, PtsKII 55, I 363], PM V 41). (a) ca .ra . 803, ca .ni . (CNG 157), CPS 223.10. (i) su .va. 3173, su .ra.bha . 66 .26, su . 208, IS 3084. (a) pancatantra ( PS I. 5, PN II. 3, PP. I. 6, PtsKI. 25, PRE I. 5), hitopadesa 2 .17 (tu kathasaritsagara 10 .60,18 ). (a) ca . ra . 8.13, ca .ni . (CNN 12, CNI I 55). (i) su .va. 581, su .ra.bha . 220 .7, su .ra. 176 .16, su . 121 .21, su . 217, IS 3601. (u) JSAIL 24.142.

Jan., 1965] THE KATHA LITERATURE AND THE PURANAS 65 1.115 .18 kantaviyogah svajana 1 .115 .23 ayuh karma caritram ca (a) vetala 4 .15 (a) ca . ra . 8.16, ca .ni .da. 2.14, vr .ca . (CvTb 8, 25), ca . ni . (CNG 327, CNP II 24), CPS 28.13. (tu ' ca . ni . du . 4.8). (i) su .ra.bha . 386 .476 ( tu 172 . 827 ), IS 1630. (a) pancatantra (PP II. 64, PtsK II. 82, PPY 73 (68), hitopadesa prastavana 27, vetala ' 8.8. (a) ca .ni . du . 4.1, la .ca . 8.7, ca . ni . (CNP I 82, CNP II. 58,CNT IV 83, CN M 80, CNMN 65, CNI I 80, CNG 308, CnT II 24.7, CnT III 58.5, CnTV 80), CPS 91.24 & 313.19. (tu manavadharma- sastra 2 .136, yajnavalkyasmrti 1 . 116, vasisthadharmasutra 13 .56- 57, visnusmrti 32 .16 ). (i) su .ra.bha . 162 .428, su . 52 .11, su . 176 ca 161, IS 992. (u) JSAIL 24.86. 1. 115 .28 ayurvarsasatam nrnam (a) vetala 23 .5. e (a) ca . ra . 8.27, CPS 239.51, bhartr . 200 . (i) su .ra.bha . 373 .180, su .ra. 64 .6, su .su . 30 .8, su . 82, IS 996.

66 puranam - PURANA [Vol. VII., No. 1 1.115 .31 ahitahita vicarasunya (a) pancatantra (PT I. 12, PTem 1.115 .32 saurye tapasi dane ca ( dane ta ° saurye ) 1.115 .36 yasya trivargasunyani ( yasya dharmavihina ) I. 9, PS I. 15, PN II. 11, PP I. 15, PRE I. 14, PIII. 14), hitopadesa 2 .42 . (a) ca . ra . 8.30, CPS 226.18. (i) su .va. 3444, su .ra. 76 .11, su .ra.bha . 66 .5, IS 826. (u) JSAIL 24.39. (a) hitopadesa prastavana 16 . (a) ca .ra . 8.33, ca .ni . (ONG 105), CPS 222.15, maha- bharata 5 .132, 23-24 . (i) su .va. 2731, su .ra.bha . 60 .6, ( tu sa .pa. 1477 ), IS 2761. (u) JSAIL 24.90; 30.72. (a) pancatantra (PP III. 88, Pts III. 96, PtsK III. 97, PM III. 32 ). ( tu hitopadesa 1 .166 ). (a) ca .ra . 8.35, CPS 225.16. (i) sa .pa. 666, su .va. 2656, sara . 162 .115, IS 5372. (i) SS (OJ) 185. (u) JSAIL 24.154. 1.115 .38 svapura va kapurusah vai (a) pancatantra (PT I. 1, PTem I. 8, PS I. 14, PN II. 10, PP I, 14, Pts I. 25 & II. 136, PtsK I. 31 & II. 145, PRE I. 13). (a) ca .ra . 5.132 .9. 8.36, mahabharata

Jan., 1965] THE KATHA LITERATURE AND THE PURANAS 67 1.115 .45 tavadbhayasya bhetavyam 1 . 115 .46 rnasesam cagnisesam (i) su .ra.bha . 164 .501, ja .su . 299 .19, IS 7109. (u) Ru 19. (a) pancatantra (PPI. 170, PD 307.102), hitopadesa 4 .17 ca 1 .58, vetala 11 .7. (a) ca . ra . 8.42, ca .ni . du . 5.3, ca .ni . (CNP II 185, CNI I 189, CNG 177, CNT IV 250, CnT II 17. 11, CnT III 7b 23 & 5. 35 ), CPS 121. 36, mahabharata 1 .142, 80-81 ca . 12 . 140,33 . (i) sa .pa. 1306, su .va. 2755, bu . 585, su .ra.bha . 164 .500, su .126 .4, IS 2550. (i) NM (T) 2.6, ShD (T) 89. (u) JSAIL 24.145-6; 30.95. (a) pasncatantra (PT III. 114, PS III 69, PN III 59, PP III 219, Pts III 178, PtsK III 256, PRE III 99, PM III 76, PT, III. 119). (a) ca . ra . 8.45, CPS 242.61, (tu ' ca .ni . 38, ca .sa . 3.58 ) mahabharata 12 .140, 58 . (i) sa .pa. 1491, su .va. 2760, IS 1332 (tu su . 176 .57 ). (i) NM (T) 3.3. (u) Ru 161, JSAIL 30.96.

68 puranam - PURANA 1. 115 .47 krte pratikrtam kuryat 1 . 115 .48 parokse karyahantaram 1 .115 .52 na sa sabha yatra na [Vol. VII., No. 1 (a) pancatantra (PP V 64, Pts V 84, PtsK V 70, PM V 47), vetala 25 . 1 (p. 117 ), sukasaptati (Sis 23.33). (a) ca .ni .da. 17 .2, ca . ni . (CNP II 206, CNI I 123, CNG 175, CNT IV 231, CNM 51, CUT II 25.0), CPS 336.13. (i) su .ra.bha . 165 .546, IS 1874. (a) pancatantra (PP I 284, PM I 78), hitopadesa 1 .76 . (a) ca .ra . 8.49, ca . ni . du . 2.5, vr .ca . 2.5, ca . sa . 3.61, ca . ni . 16 (CnT II 3.1, CuT III 2.5, CnT VI 25), CPS 25.4, bhartr . 597 . (i) su .ra. bha . da. 1, su . 111 .6, su .ra. 54 .2, sabda-paroksa ca mitra, su . 226, samskr 54, IS 3979. (i) LN (P) 80, DhN (P) 87, NKy (B) 110. (a) hitopadesa 3 .64, ( tu katha- saritsagara 14 .106 .168 ). (a) ca . ra . 8.53, ca .ni . (CNG 330), CPS 237.44, maha- bharata 5 .34, 59, ramayana 7 .56 (3), 33, bhartr . 568, prabandhacintamani 2 .126, naradiyamanusamhita 3 .18 .

Jan., 1965] THE KATHA LITERATURE AND THE PURANAS 69 (i) sa . pa. 1344, su . ra. bha . 174 .884, su .200 .152, pa .ta. 6.108, a . kau . 385, a . mu . 52, IS 3483. (i) NM (T) 3.12. (u) JSAIL 24.10 (nibandha ) ; 30.30; 26.12. 1.115 .60 sarve ksayanta nilayah (a) pancatantra (PT II. 165, 1.115 .63 pita raksati kaumare PTem II 147, Pts Gottingen Gel. Anz. 1862, p. 1363), hitopadesa (HS ad 1.180 v. 1.). (a) ca . ra . 8.56, ca . ni . (CNG 329, CNI I 186), CPS 245.70, mahabharata 11 .2, 3, ca 12 .27 .26, ca 12 .330,20, ramayana 2 .105,16, ca 7 .52, 11, gobhilasmrti 3 .43, divyavadana (ed. Cowell) 27 . (i) su . ra. bha . 372 . 167, su . 262 .7, IS 6948. (i) SS (OS) 471. (u) Ru 126, JSAIL 30.74. (a) hitopadesa 1 .128 . (a) ca . ra . 8.64, ca . ni . (CNF 58, CNPh 92, CNI I 155, CNG 180, CNL 46), manavadharmasastra 6 .3, mahabharata 13 .20, 21 . ramayana 2 .36,33, baudhayanadharmasutra 2 .2, 3, 45, gautamasmrti 28 .1, vasisthadharma- sutra 5 .3, naradasmrti 13 .31 . padmapurana, srstikhanda 54 .23 .

70 puranam - PURANA (i) [Vol. VII., No. 1 su .ra.bha . 166 .575, IS 4067. (u) JSAIL 27.28 ( nibandha ); 22.7; 24. 67; 30.127 ( nibandha ). 1.115 .67 athaturanam na suhrnna (a) vikramacarita (VCsr 11. ), 1. 115 .73 sthanasthitani pujyante (sthanabhrastana pu0 ) sukasaptati (Sto Intr 14). (a) ca . ra . 8.65, vr . ca . (CvTb 3.22), ca . ni . (CNP II 18, CnT II 21.7, Cn T III 54.3), CPS 244.67. (tu ' ca . ni . [CNI I 148]). (i) su .va. 3441, su . ra. bha . 172 . 845, su .ra. 225 .36, (tu sukta . 10 .4), IS 602. (a) pancatantra (PT II. 92, PTem II. 81, PS II 52, PN I 49, PP II 118, PRE II. 57, PM II 42), hitopadesa 1 .104 (Cf. HS ad 36.5). (a) ca . ra . 8.70, CPS 242.59. (tu CNI I 204-5, CNG 171,271, CA 8.18, CvS 8.18, CNP_II 202). (i) su .ra.bha . 86 .6 (tu 86 .5), IS 7223, (tu su . 203 .171, 216, IS 5750). Ru 110, JSAIL 24.6. 1.115 .76 durastho'pisamipastho (a) vikramacarita (VCsr 3.10, VCmr, 3.91-2), sukasaptati (Sto Intr 49 ). (a) (tu ca . ra . 8.76, ca .ni .du . 14 .6, ca .ni . [CNN 61,

Jan., 1965] THE KATHA LITERATURE AND THE PURANAS 71 CNP II. 143, CNT IV 114, CNM 111, CnT II 30.9, CnT VII 96], CPS 1.115 .77 mukhabhangah svarodino (gatibhangah kha0 ) 333:6). (i) sura . bha . 166 .561, su .su . 13 . 19, su . 166, IS 2908. (a) vikramacarita (VCjr 1. 1). (tu pancatantra [PT II: 65, PTem II 54, PS II 35, PN 1. 32, PRE II. 38]). (a) ca .ni . (CNG 241, CNT IV_208). (i) su . 70, IS 2811. (u) Ru 104. 1.115 .80 mata satruh pita bairi (a) hitopadesa prastavana 38 . (a) ca .ni .du . 2.11, vr .ca . 2.15, ca . ni . 7. (CnT II 3.11, CuT III 2.15, CnT VI 37), CPS 27.10. (tu ca . ra . 7.60 ). (i) su .ra.bha . 36 .14, samskr . 53, su . 166, IS 4800. (i) LN (P) 18, DhN (P) 18. (u) JSAIL 24.95. 1. 115 .81 vidya nama kuruparupa (a) hitopadesa (ad HJ Intr 39 [102], ad HS Intr 48, HH 6. 1-4), vikramacarita (VCsr 9.3, VCjr 21.1). (a) ca .ra . (CRC 2.36, CRB 2.31, CRBh II. 2.31), ca . ni . (CNI I 13, CNF 105, bhartr 8 ), 70, gunaratna 3 .

7.2 puranam - PURANA padmapurana [Vol. VII., No. 1 (i) su .ra.bha . 30 .15, su .ra. 42 .1, sukta . 3.9-10, su .su . 11 .3, su . 8, pra . 19 .4, IS 6039. (u) JSAIL 24.30. bhumikhanda 81 .42 yatha bhrtpindatah karta (a) hitopadesa prastavana 34 . bhumikhanda 81 .47 yatha dhenusahasresu (a) mahabharata 13 .1.24 . (i) su .ra.bha . 82 .8, dumpa . 11 . tu garudapurana 1 .113 .53-54 . bhumikhanda 81 .51 yatha chayatapau nityam (a) pancatantra (PP II. 138, Pts II. 129, PtsK II. 136, PM II. 47). (a) mahabharata 13 .1.75 . (i) su .va. 3080, su .ra.bha . 377 .33 su .42 .4, su .su .8,32, IS 5106 tu garunapurana 1 .110 .15 . tu garudapurana 1 .213,6 . srstikhanda 18 .92 vajivaranalauhanam srstikhanda 19 .317 vane'pi dosah prabhavanti srstikhanda 16 .359 matrvatparadaramstu srstikhanda 54 .21 ghrtakumbhasama tu garudapurana 1 .111 .12 . (a) hitopadesa 1 .127, vetala0 Intr. 1 ca 3 .10 . (a) ca . ni . 75 (tu ° CNP I 1.263; manavadharmasastra 2 .94 bhagavata- purana 7 .12,9 ). (i su .ra.bha . 162 .408, IS 2217. (i) SS (OJ) 139. (u) JSAL 24.79. srstikhanda 54 .23 pita raksati kaumare tu garudapurana 1 .115 .63 . srstikhanda 224 .47 yo dharmasilo jitamana- (a) vetala0 16 .11 . (a) vr .ca . (OvH 8.11, CvL

Jan., 1965] THE KATHA LITERATURE AND THE PURANAS 73 ad sabda nicah (?) manasyanyadvacasya I. 8. 20, CvL II. 8.14), cani (CNI I. 144). (i) su .ra.bha . 386 .460, su . 45, IS 5598. (i) Sit (OJ) 16. (a) hitopadesa 1 .103 (ad HS I. 93). (a) ca . ni . "Z", CPS 368.47. brahmavaivartapurana (i) su .ra.bha . | 55 .40, su .ra.26 .51, IS 4693. 3. 28 .5 vyalagrahi yatha vya0 (a) hitopadesa 3,31, vikramacarita bhavisyapurana brahmaparvan 4 .184 matra svasra duhitra va uttaraparvan 102 .29 sakrjjapanti rajanah 10 (VCsr 30.6). (a) skandapurana, kasikhanda 57 (45 .7), tu ° 4.59 (tu angira, vyasa, apararka ). (i) sa .pa. 606, IS 6329. (u) JSAIL 23.11, 20 (nibandha ). tu garudapurana 1 .114 .6. (a) pancatantra (PPI. 379), vetala 4 .29, vikramacarita (VCm 2.70-1). (a) ca . ni . du . 4.11, ca . ni . (ONP I 21, CNG 262, CNT IV 20, CNM 21, CNMN 21, CnT II 22.10, CnT III 56.3), CPS 100.5). ( tu manavadharmasastra 9 .47 ), narada 12 .24, yajnavalkya 1 .65, visnusmrti 5 .160 ). (i) su .ra.bha . 377, 18, IS 6650,

74 44 (?) puranam - PURANA [Vol. VII., No. 1 (i) LN (P) 120, NKy (B) 148. (u) JSAIL 20.40. bhattirnasto bharavisvapi nasto bhiksurnasto bhimaseno'pi nastah | bhukkundo'ham bhupatistvam hi rajanpanktau bhasyapyantakah samnivistah || (In Sto 62.1 p. 381) attributed to Bhavisyapurana but not found bhagavatapurana 10 . 60, 15 yayoratmasamam vittam 10 .114,58 varameko guni putro markandeyapurana 4 . 12 datva yacanti purusah 8 .42 asvamedhasahasram ca there ; found in Bhojaprabandha 318). (a) vetala ' (ad. III 14, 8, p. 114, MS. e). (i) IS 5317. tu garudapurana 1 .114, 58 . (a) pancatantra (PT II 91, PTem II 80, PS II 51, PNI 48, PP II 117, PRE II 56). (a) mahabharata 4 .20, 6-7 . (i) IS 2701. (u) Ru 110. (a) pancatantra ( PTemBIV 20 in Anh. IV, PT, IV (p. 23), hitopadesa 4 .135 . (a) ca . ni . (CNMN 65 ), mahabharata 1 .74, 102, 12 . 162, 26 ca 13 .75 .31 (tu ° 13 .22,14 ), visnusmrti 8 .36, naradasmrti 4 .221, naradamanu- samhita 1 . 186, ramayana 2 .61 .10 .

Jan., 1965] THE KATHA LITERATURE AND THE PURANAS 75 20 .27 sa dhanyo jivitam tasya (i) su .ra.bha . 83 .2, IS 731. (da) Ru 176, JSAIL 26, 27 (nibandha ); 30.7. (a) vikramacarita (VCbr II 11 (2) LMS). (i) IS 6777. 21 .66 putrena natisayito (a) (tu sukasaptati [Sts VII. 2, StsA VII. 2, Sts M VII. 2, Ss Pet MS 146, Sto IV. 3]). (a) (tu 'ca . ni . [CNP 1.7, CNP II. 7, CNI I. 45, CNT IV 6, CNM 6, CNMN 6, CnT II. 16. 2, CnT III. 7. 86, CnT V. 147, CNW 79]). (i) (tu su . 116, IS 1182). 26 .31-32 atithiryasya bhagnaso (a) pancatantra (PD 305. 85), 34 .112-113 tatra putra na vastavyam hitopadesa 1 .64 . (a) mahabharata 12 .191, 12, visnu- smrti 67 .33, grhastharatnakara 302 .4, smrtimuktaphalama 416 . 4, (tu pancaratra 1 .6,43 ), (i) sabda ahnikatava ca bhagnasa, IS 134. (u) JSAIL 26. 10. (a) hitopadesa 1 .112 (ad HS I. 100). (a) (tu ° visnusmrti 71 .66 ). (i) su .ra.bha . 167 .631, su .ra. 55 . 6, IS 2477.

76 puranam - PURANA 68 .41 tripaurusascapi nidhi ° vamanapurana sabda- varam (?) varam yuktam maunam na ca [Vol. VII., No. 1 (a) (tu ° pancatantra (PP II. 9, Pts II. 10, PtsK II. 12). (i) (tu ° IS 3950), (a) pancatantra (PT II. 70, PTem II. 59, PS II. 38, PN I. vayupurana 35, PP II. 90 PRE II. 43), hitopadesa 1 .145 . (a) bhartr 733, padyasamgraha 11 . (i) su .ra.bha . 377 .985, su .ra. 239 . 86, IS 5981. (i) DhN (P) 397. (u) Ru 105. 93 .102 jiryante jiryatah kesa (a) pancatantra (PP V 63, Pts V visnupurana 16 & 83,PtsK_V 15, PM V 46). (a) ca .ra . (CRC 6. 57), ca .ni . (CNP II 124-6), CPS 136. 8, mahabharata 13, 7, 24-25, harivamsa 1644, bhartr . 504 (tu 156 ), vasistadharma- sutra 30 .9. (i) su 224 .2, kavi . 65, (tu sa . pa. 419 ), IS 2428. (i) SS (OJ) 457 (cf. 456, of. Vyas(C) 30). parasaradharma- balo va yadi va vrddho (a) hitopadesa 1 .62 . samhita . parasara 364 (1) (a) ca . ni . (CNPh 137).

Jan., 1965] THE KATHA LITERATURE AND THE PURANAS 77 sivapurana rudra samhita 4 .219,52 yasya buddhirbalam tasya skandapurana kaumarikhanda jaluka raktamadhatte 36 .86 kasikhanda aprakatikrtasaktih 1 .85 kasikakhanda tisrah kotyo'dharma- 4 .56 koti (i) IS 4448, (u) ZDMG 61. 352. (a) pancatantra (PT I. 62, PTem I 55, PS I 54, PN II. 39, PP I 172, Pts I 214, PtsKI 245 & 268, PRE I 63, PM I 81), hitopadesa 2 . 121, sukasaptati (Stto 40.1, cf. Sts 31.1, Ss A 46.1, Sts Pet. MS 38a). (tu kathasaritsagara 10 .60, 61 ca 107, brhatkathamaari 26 .292 ). (a) ca .ni .da. 10 .16, ca .ni . (CNW 64, CNPN 58, CNI I 201, CnT II 18. 12, CnT III 8. 6), CPS 281. 25. (i) su .8, 159 ca 200, sukta . 14 .13, IS 5386, TP 436. (i) ShD(T) 85. (a) (tu ' vetala [ad_XXI 53. 36 [p. 191, MSs bo]). (i) cf. IS 2369. (a) (tu ° Pts I. 31, PtsK I 37 ). (i) (tu su .ra.bha . 171 .776, IS 460. (a) (tu pancatantra [PP III. 164, PtsK III. 186], hitopadesa

78 puranam - PURANA [Vol. VII., No. 1 kasikakhanda satkarno bhidyate 21 .63 mantrasu kasikakhanda vyalagrahi yatha vya 57 (45 .7) revakhanda 103 .128 sunyamaputrasya gr 3 .30, vikramacarita [VCsr 30.5] ). (a) (tu vyasa ca harita parasara ; angira, sankhalikhita ca sankha- mitaksara ). (i) (tu sa .pa. 608, IS 2568). (u) ( tu ° JSAIL 23.11, 30 ; (nibandha ). tu garudapurana 1 .114, 54 . tu brahmavaivartapurana 3 .28, 5 . (a) (tu . pancatantra [PP II 59, PS II 32, PN I 29, PP II 80, PRE II 34], hito- padesa 1 .135, vikramacarita [VCsr 21. 1, VCmr 21. 19-20], vetala 6 .2). (a) (tu ca .ni .du . 4.14, vr .ca . 7.9, ca .ni . 45 [CNP I 24, CNI I 150, CNT IV 23, CNM 23, CNMN 23, CNSL 107, CnT II 17.1, CnT III 7 b 8, CnT V 29], CPS 101. 53, mrcchakatika 1 .8). (i) (tu su . 226 .14, su .ra.bha . 66 .32, IS 6506). (i) (tu ' NS (OJ) 5.4, LN (P) 115, DhN (P) 261, NKy (B) 143). (u) (tu ° Ru 103).

Jan., 1965] THE KATHA LITERATURE AND THE PURANAS nagarakhanda na sa vidya na tacchilpam 155 .43 nagarakhanda iha loke ca dhaninam 155 .44 79 (a) pancatantra (Pts I. 4, PtsK I. 4). (i) sa .pa. 337, su .ra.bha . 65 .3, su .ra. 46 .31, IS 3182. (a) pancatantra (Pts I. 5, PtsK I. 5, PM I. 4), sukasaptati (Ss 6.5). (i) sa .pa. 403, sa .ra. 57 .12, IS 1143. nagarakhanda arthebhyo hi vivrddhabhyah (a) pancatantra (Pts I. 6, PtsK I 155 .45 6, PT Anh. 1.57 [3.57]). (a) mahabharata 12 .8, 6, ramayana nagarakhanda pujyate yada pujyo'pi 155 .46 nagarakhanda asanadidriyaniva 155 .47 nagarakhanda artharthi sarvaloko'yam 155 .48 nagarakhanda alaktako yatha rakto 158 .64 6 .83, 32 . (i) IS 618. (a) pancatantra (Pts I. 7, PtsK I 7, PMI. 5), sukasaptati (StsA.VI. 4). (i) IS 4160. (a) pancatantra (Pts I. 8, PtsK I. 8). (i) IS 718. (a) pancatantra (Pts I. 9, PtsK I. 9). (i) su .ra.bha . 64 .1, IS 608. (a) pancatantra (Pts I. 145, PtsK I. 161, PM 1.65 ) vikrama- carita (VCsr VI. 14). (a) (tu 'mrcchakatika 4 .15, samaya- matrka 5 .86-87 ). (i) su .ra.bha . 348 .17, IS 626. (u) GVS 441-8.

80 nagarakhanda yatha hyamisamakase 185 .15 puranam - PURANA [Vol. VII., No. 1 (a) pancatantra (Pts I. 401 & II. 116, Pts KI. 449 & II. 124), hitopadesa 1 .198 . (a) mahabharata 3 .2,36, ca . ni . (CnT II. 20.3, CnT III. 53. 1). (i) sa . pa. 338, su . va. 3356, su . ra. bha . 64 .9, IS 5160. (i) SS (OJ) 470. (u) JSAIL 24. 21; 30.21. (a) pancatantra (PP I.142, Pts I. 185, PtsKI. 199), hitopadesa 1 .130 (tu ° 1.94 ). (a) mahabharata 13 .39,8 . (i) su .ra.bha . 348 .20, IS 1319. (i) SS (OJ) 436. (u) JSAIL 22. 33. nagarakhanda usana veda yacchastram 163 .6 prabhasakhanda sarvatra sampadastasya 255 .32 prabhasakhanda samtosamrtatrptanam 255 .33 (a) pancatantra (PTII.79, PTem II. 68, PS II 42, PN I. 38, PP II. 97, PRE II. 47), hitopadesa 1 .152, (a) ca . ra . 8.74, CPS 237.40. (i) sa .pa. 316, ja .su . 443 .5, su .va. 3347, su .ra.bha . 75 .8, su .ra. 54 .9, su . 268, 8 . (i) SS (OJ) 421. (u) Ru 108, JSAIL 24. 132. (a) pancatantra (PS II. 43, PN I. 39, PP II. 161, Pts II. 152, PtsK II. 162, PRE II. 48 ), hitopadesa 1 .153 .

Jan., 1965] THE KATHA LITERATURE AND THE PURANAS 81 (a) ca .ni .da. 7.3, vr .ca . 5.13, ca . ni . (CNI I. 130, CNSK 145, CnTI. 111 ); CPS 182.20. (i) sa . pa. 310, ja . su . 443 .7, su .ra.bha . 75 .1, su .ra. 53 .4, su .su . 9.46, su . 79, IS 6800. (u) JSAIL 24. 19. II. Similar Stanzas agnipurana 238 hitopadesa 3 .146, svamyamatyasca ra ad sabda - paraduhkha vikramacarita (VCSr 11.7); tyaktvatmasukhabhogeccham . Also IS 2619. garudapurana 1 .108,15 pancatantra (PP I. 341, Pts I. 383); 4.13 ; te putra yepitura Also ca . ni . da. 2, 4, vr . ca . 2.4, ca . sa . 2.61, ca . ni . (CNPI 63, CNP 1I 101 & 196, CNG 107, CNT IV 64, CNM 63, CNMN 53, CNS 43, CNSL 35, CNST 84, CNSK 19, CnT II 2. 11, CnT III 2. 3, CnT VI 24, CnTV 49), CPS 25.3. (tu ca . ra . 1.21 ), su . 118, IS 2611. 1.106 .48 vetala ad Intr. 7. 27 (p. 234), vikramacarita (VC sr 9. 2, VCjr 3). yesam na vidya na tapo . Al 30 bhartr . 667, ca . ni . da. 10 .7, ca . ra . (CRC 2. 53, CRBh II 2.50, CRCa I 2.48), ca . ni . (CNI I 142, CnT II 18. 9 & 28. 10, CnT III 8. 3, CnT VIL 71), CPS 264. 2, su . 154, su . ra., 35 . 10, su . ra. bha . 40 . 32, su . su . 5. 9, IS 5573. 1. 113 .1 hitopadesa ( prastavana ad HS 6, HH 1. 17-8) ; pandite ca guna . Also ca . ni . 2, vr . ca . 8.12, ca . sa . 1.66, CPS 354.1, vararuci-nitiratna 4, sa . pa. 201, su .ra.bha . 38 .1, samskr . 53, su . 101, IS 3876. 11

82 puranam - PURANA [Vol. VII., No. 1 1.114 .1 pancatantra (PT II. 33, PTem II. 33 ) caiva hitopadesa 1 .73h nasti jatya ri ° caiva na kascit kasyacin, Also mahabharata 12 .138,136 ; 12 .140 .51, ca . ni . 21, ca . sa . 1. 70, ca . ra . 7.1, ca . ni . (CNG 133, CNB 20), CPS 176.3, su . va. 2656, su . ra. bha . 167 .346, IS 3671 & 3189. cf. Ru 97. 1.114 .46 vikramacarita (VCsr 5. 2 [cf. VII. 8], VCmr 5.38-9, VCjr VII. 1) ( tu pancatantra [PP 1.52, PTu 1. 45, sukasaptati [sts 5.5, &ts M 5.6); caritre yositam purne . Also see mahabharata 5 . 36, 57 . sabda-bharya pancatantra (PP IV. 44, Pts IV 83, PtsK IV 54, PM III 53 & IV 55) mata yasya grhe . Also mahabharata 12 .144, 17, ca . ni . 42, CPS 271. 21, su . ra. bha . 389 .502 ca 161 .376, su . 102, IS 5387. sabda-bharya pancatantra (PP III. 130, Pts IV. 81, PtsK III. 152, (III. 501) PM III. 52 & IV. 54) : na guham grhamityah Also su .ra.bha . 350 .6, su . 28 .10, IS 3220. padmapurana uttarakhanda pancatantra (PP IV. 36, Pts IV. 40, PtsK IV. 42, PM 17 .8 IV. 28) : akrtyam naiva krtyam . Also see ca .sa . 2.68, su .ra.bha . 365 .535, IS 40. bhagavatapurana 4 .14 .9 pancatantra (Pts I. 389, PusK I. 434), hitopadesa 3 .4 : upadeso hi murkhanam Also bhartr . 431, vr .ca . 4.17, ca .ni . (CN W 73, CNN 55, CNP II. 153, CNI I. 85, CNG 142, CNT IV. 141, CNM 139, CNMN 105, CNSC 107, CNS 107, CNL 5, CnT II. 19.8, CnT III, 52.3, Cnt VIII. 88, CnT I. 36 ), sa .pa. 418, su .ra.bha . 36 .4, su .su . 23 .21, su .ra. 36 .24, su . 151 (tu 176 ), sukta . 13 B 8, IS 1287. Cf. ShD (T) 239. cf. JSAIL 24.121,

83 Jan., 1965] THE KATHA LITERATURE AND THE PURANAS 6.1.45 pancatantra (PT II. 5, Ptem I. 5, PS II. 3, PN I. 3, PP II. 12, Pts II. 17, PtsK II. 18, PRE II. 3, PM II. 5), hitopadesa 1 .41 ) caiva pancatantra (PP II. (2, Pts II. 77, PtsK II. 79, PPY 71 (-) vetala ' 24 (p. 203), pratha yasyacca yena ca ; dvi ' yasmindese ca ka . Also pratha ' : bhartr 676, su . ra. bha . 2.71, su . ra. 76 .4, su . su . 8.20, Is 5343. cf. Ru 90. dvi ca .ra . (CRCa II. 28), mahabharata 12 .181 .10 ; 12 .322 .10, garudapurana 1 .113 .18, su .ra.bha . 155 .88, su .su . 8.28, su .ra. 224 .30, IS 5351. 7.2.40 hitopadesa 2 .15-16 (tu vikramacarita [VCSr 11.9] : nakale mriyateja ' caiva araksitam tisthati (tu pancatantra [PT II. 113, PTem 2. 102, PS II. 61, PN I. 62, PP V. 53, Pts V. 11, PRE II. 68] hitopadesa prastavana 29 caiva 4 .9). Also: pratha ' mahabharata 13 .163 .11, pancaratra 1 .3.20, ca . ra . 6.41 (tu 6 .42 ), ca .ni . (CNG 232) CPS 157.64, su .ra.bha . 160 .301, ghatakarpariya nitisara 16, IS 3595. Cf. SS (OJ) 383, cf. JSAIL 24.127; 30.130. dvi pancatantra (Pts I. 20 & I. 323 & V. 44, PtsKI. 24, vikrama- carita (VCSr 14.9), bhartr . 378, navaratna 1 .48, su .ra.bha . 61 .47, sa .pa. 446, su .ra. 72 .26, su . 56 .55, IS 567. 7. 12 .9 hitopadesa 1 .127, vetala ' Intr. 1 caiva 3 .10h ghrtakumbhasama nari . Also ca . ni . 75 ( tu CNP II. 263 ), padmapurana, srstikhanda 54 .21, su .ra.bha . 162 .408, IS 2217. Cf. SS (OJ) 439, cf. JSAL 24.79, 10 .1.38 pancatantra (Pts I. 419 ), mrtyorbibhesi kim bala . Also su . ra. bha . 375 .235, IS 4958. ( tu sa .pa. 4172, su . va. 3295 ). 10 .46 .20 hitopadesa 4 .76h nayamatyantasamvaso . Also mahabharata 12 .28 .62, IS 3613. Cf. SS (OJ) 493. bhasya 6 .10 .33 pancatantra (PtsKI. 345) ; dvavimau purusau . Also mahabharata 5 .32 .59, pra . 11 .8, IS 3012.

84 matsyapurana puranam - PURANA [Vol. VII., No. 1 217 .8-13 hitodesa 3 .55h durgam kuryanmahakhata ' Also IS 2842. (tu kamandakiya nitisara 4 .57, manavadharmasastra 7 . 70-71, visnusmrti 3 .6, sukranitisara 4 .6.1-2 ). 220 .19 hitopadesa 3 .146 (cf HS ad p. 147) ; svamyamatyasca ra ( tu kamandakiya nitisara 4 .1; 1.16 ca 8 .4, kautiliya arthasastra 257 .11, sukranitisara 1 .61, nitivakyamrta 62, manavadharmasastra 9 .264, yajnavalkyasmrti 1 .353, visnusmrti 3 .33, agnipurana 238, sa .pa. 1407, su .ra.bha . 150 .317 ). 224 .1-8 hitopadesa 3 .42 (ad HS III. 40) caitra 3 .43h pratha vijetum prayatetarin ; dvi ' caiva sana danena bhedena . Also manavadharmasastra 7 . 168-166 . ( tu kamandakiya nitisara 9 .59-60, 74 ; 10 .32 ; 19 .15, su .ra.bha . 148 .230-231, su . 151 .7). Cf. RN (P) 111. Cf. JSA 1L 25.42 ( nibandha ). 240 .20-1 hitopadesa 3 .77h hastinam gamanam pro0 (tu kamandakiya nitisara 15 .36 ) Also IS 7378. viramitrodaya rajaniti prakasa 203 hitopadesa 3 .54h adurgavisayah kasya . Also su . ra. bha . 143 .64, IS 193. (tu kamandakiya nitisara 4 .58 ). su .ra.bha . hitopadesa prastavana 4 : sarvadravyesu vidyaiva . 29 .3 (1) Also su . ra. 43 .6, su . ra. bha . 2.93, 1S 6928. Cf. LN (P) 4, NKy(B) 7, DhN(P) 14. III. Not identified verses attributed in Katha works to a vikramacarita Purana : VOsr 13. 1. anityani sarirani vibhavo naiva sasvatah | nityam samnihito mrtyuh kartavyo dharmasamgrahah || Also found in VCsr 28.3, VCmr 28.75 VCjr 23.2, PtsK 3.96, vetala 10 .3 ca 15 .6, pancatantra (PM III. 34), ca . no .da. 12 .12 . ca . ni .

Jan., 1965] THE KATHA LITERATURE AND THE PURANAS 85 T' (CnT II. 13.10, CnT II 1. 7.57, CnT V. 92), CPS 302, 31, su 161, IS 292. VOsr 13. 2. sruyatam dharmasarvasvam yadukta sastrakotibhih | paropakarah punyaya papaya parapidanam || Also found in pancatantra ( Pts III. 103, PtsK III. 134; tu ° PD 302.39), (tu vetala 10 .2, mahabharata [ Poona ed.] 5.36, 57 ca 13 .113, 8 ), IS 6,78, VCar 133. yo duhkhitani bhutani drstva bhavati duhkhitah | sukhitani sukhi capi sa dharma veda naisthikam || Also found in IS 5595. VCar 13.4. nato bhuyamstato dharmah kascidanyo'sti dehinam | praninam bhayabhitanam abhayam yah prayacchati || VCsr 13.5. paramekasya sattvasya pradaturjivitam varam | na ca viprasahasrebhyo gosahasra dine dine || Also found in IS 3934. VOsr 13.6. abhayam sarvabhutebhyo yo dadati dayaparah | tasya dehavimuktasya ksaya eva na vidyate || Also found in IS 485, (tu mahabharata (Cit. ed.) 13 .116, 23 ; (Poona ed) 12 .185, 4 ; 12 .236, 26 ; manavadharmasastra 6 .26 . Cf. SS (OJ) 150). VOsr 13.7. hemadhenudharadinam datarah sulabha bhuvi | durlabhah puruso loke sarvejivadayaparah || Also found in IS 7416. VCsr 13.8: mahatamapi yajnanam kalena ksiyate phalam | dattvabhayam pradanasya ksaya eva na vidyate || Also found in IS 4742. VCsr 13.9: dattamistam tapastaptam tirthayatra srutam tatha | sarvanyabhayadanasya kalam narhanti podasim || Also found in IS 2694. VOsr 13.10 catuhsagaraparyantam yo dadyadvasudhamimam | yascabhayam ca bhutebhyas tayorabhayado'dhikah || Also found in IS 2232, sa . pa. 4555 .

86 puranam - PURANA VOsr 13.11 adhruvena sarirena pratiksanavinasina | dhruvam yo narjayeddharmam sa socyo mudhacetanah || [Vol. VII., No. 1 Also found in IS 233, su . 29 .10, su .ra.bha . 380 .147 . VOsr 13.12 yadi pranyupakaraya deho'yam no'payujyate | tatah kimupakaro'sya pratyaham kriyate nrbhih || Also found in IS 5225. VCsr 13.13 ekatah kratavah sarve samagravaradaksinah | ekato bhayabhitasya praninah pranaraksanam || Also found in VOsr VII. 5, pancatantra (PtsK_1.323), madha . 106, vetala 19 .6, su . 168 . 1, IS 1359. PX I. 26 ayurvittam grhacchidram mantramaithunabhesajam | apamanastapo danam nava gopyani yatnatah || | Also found in hitopadesa 1 .136, vikramacarita (VCsr VIII. 2 & 10. 3, VCmr VIlI 42-3), pancatantra ( PX 1.26 Sto 62.1 [ZDMG_61.40]), madha 83, ca .ni . 24) su .ra.bha . 157 .167, IS 998, ZDMG 61. 40, JAOS 35. 11). See above bhavisyapurana (last entry ). CNF 76, CN N sabda-gaupya . (of. Attributed to bhavisya- purana .