The Consequences of Consuming Incompatible Foods

[Full title: The Consequences of Consuming Incompatible Foods: A Review of Virudh Ahara in Skin Diseases]

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Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences 2025 Volume 10 Number 2 FEBRUARY E-ISSN:2456-3110 Review Article Skin Diseases Publisher www.maharshicharaka.in The Consequences of Consuming Incompatible Foods: A Review of Virudh Ahara in Skin Diseases Bansal A 1* , Marolia P 2 , Sharma MM 3 , Prakash V 4 , Dhakad S 5 DOI:10.21760/jaims.10.2.31 1* Ayushi Bansal, Post Graduate Scholar, PG Dept of Rog Nidan Evum Vikriti Vigyan, Madan Mohan Malviya Govt Ayurved College, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India 2 Pankaj Marolia, Professor and HOD, PG Dept of Rog Nidan Evum Vikriti Vigyan, Madan Mohan Malviya Govt Ayurved College, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India 3 Man Mohan Sharma, Professor, PG Dept of Rog Nidan Evum Vikriti Vigyan, Madan Mohan Malviya Govt Ayurved College, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India 4 Ved Prakash, Lecturer, PG Dept of Rog Nidan Evum Vikriti Vigyan, Madan Mohan Malviya Govt Ayurved College, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India 5 Sachin Dhakad, Post Graduate Scholar, PG Dept of Rog Nidan Evum Vikriti Vigyan, Madan Mohan Malviya Govt Ayurved College, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India Ancient Ayurvedic thinkers addressed the crucial topic of Viruddha Aahar, or unsuitable food. ` Viruddha Ahara, or incompatible food, refers to diet and its combinations that disrupt physiological processes in the body, hinder the production of new tissue, affect tissue metabolism, and have opposing properties, among other effects. Viruddha Ahara also covers things like incorrect meal scheduling, insufficient food quantity and quality, etc. Regarding the idea of Viruddha Ahara, Ayurveda has explained various food incompatibilities, such as Veerya Viruddha, Samskar Viruddha, and Samyoga Viruddha. Numerous illnesses, such as Visarpa. Intoxication, Shukra Dhatu Dushti, rhinitis, infertility, Kustha Roga (various types of skin disorders), and allergy disorders, can be brought on by Viruddha Ahara Keywords: Viruddha Ahara, Kustha Roga, Allergy disorders Corresponding Author How to Cite this Article To Browse Ayushi Bansal, Post Graduate Scholar, PG Dept of Rog Nidan Evum Vikriti Vigyan, Madan Mohan Malviya Govt Ayurved College, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India Email: Bansal A, Marolia P, Sharma MM, Prakash V, Dhakad S, The Consequences of Consuming Incompatible Foods: A Review of Virudh Ahara in Skin Diseases . J Ayu Int Med Sci. 2025;10(2):225-230 Available From https://jaims.in/jaims/article/view/4063 Manuscript Received Review Round 1 Review Round 2 Review Round 3 Accepted 2025-01-13 2025-01-24 2025-02-04 2025-02-15 2025-02-28 Conflict of Interest Funding Ethical Approval Plagiarism X-checker Note None Nil Not Required 12.52 © 2025 by Bansal A, Marolia P, Sharma MM, Prakash V, Dhakad S and Published by Maharshi Charaka Ayurveda Organization. This is an Open Access article licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ unported [CC BY 4.0] J Ayu Int Med Sci 2025 ; 10 ( 2 ) 225

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Introduction The People's food and lifestyle have changed as a result of society's rapid pace. Because of our ignorance of the diet's code of conduct, we are growing accustomed to unhealthy eating habits for the sake of modernization and self-satisfaction. The Ayurvedic sages have provided a basic and thorough description of the Viruddha Aahar (incompatible diet) while mentioning these hazardous foods. According to Acharya Charaka , Food is healthy if it balanced the Vikrita Dhatus and maintained the body's Sama Dhatus in their natural state, i.e., equal [1] The material is detrimental, on the other hand. It does not occur that what is pleasing to the body and mind is dietary, and what is disagreeable is unhealthy. Because the diet also becomes unhealthy and the unhealthy stuff becomes healthy owing to the differences in quantity, time, action, land, body, and Dosas Viruddha Aahar According to Acharya Charaka The word " Viruddh Ahara " refers to any food that disturbs the Doshas (morbid humors) but does not cause them to depart the body. Viruddha Ahara is the term for substances that behave oppositely to Deha Dhatu and are antagonistic to them [2 ] According to Acharya Sushruta Explains several aspects of Viruddhahara in the 20 th chapter of Sutrasthana , Hitahitiyam Adhayaya These include Rasa Viruddha (incompatibilities between two tastes), Samyoga Viruddha (unsalutary combinations), Maana Viruddha (quantitatively incompatible), and Karma Viruddha [3 ] (functionally incompatible) According to Acharya Vagbhatta Any food that upsets the Doshas (morbid humors) but does not drive them out of the body is called Viruddha Ahara. [4 ] The following succinctly describes the several Viruddha Ahara variations that have been mentioned in Ayurvedic literature: 1. Desha Viruddha It refers to culinary items that share characteristics with Desha. One should eat food with characteristics that are opposed to the corresponding Desha , According to the statement. Gangadhara described Desha Viruddha as both Bhumi Desha and Sharira Desha Viruddha , while Charakacharya solely thought of Bhumi Desha as Desha Viruddha . In Anupa Bhumi , for instance, Snigdha and Sheeta Ahara like refreshing milkshakes and drinks, while Ruksha and Tikshna Ahara in Maru Bhumi enjoy drinking alcohol in the desert 2. Kaal Viruddha Kaala Viruddha: Eating foods with qualities comparable to those of Kaala , such as season [5 ] Example: Sheet Ahara in Hemant Rutu like eating ice cream during the winter. In Grishma Rutu, Katu and Ushna Ahara enjoy spicy pav bhaji and missal pav during the summer 3. Agni Viruddha Food taken without knowledge of individual’s Agni which may be either of 4 types Mrudu, Madhyama, Tikshna and Vishama. [6 ] Example: For Tikshna Agni, Laghu and Alpa Matra Aahara enjoy eating Churmura (popcorn, etc.) when they are extremely hungry. In Manda Agni, Guru and Adhika Matra Aahara. 4. Matra Viruddha Food taken in balanced quantity is termed as Matravat Aahar. If one cannot take Matravat Aahar , then it is called Matra Viruddha Aahar. Hina Matra and Atimatra could be taken under Matra Viruddha. Charak has given example of intake same quantity of Madhu and Ghee for explanation of Matra Viruddha. [7] 5. Saatmya Viruddha "Satmya means" refers to substances that are conductive to an individual or that give pleasure to oneself; the usage of these substances leads to the wellbeing of that individual. Conversely, the diet that is being followed is Satmya Viruddh a. Dietary incompatibility with regard to homologation occurs when a person consumes sweet and cold food ingredients or items to which only hot and pungent substances are analogous [8] 6. Dosha Viruddha Foods that generate Dosha Dushti are referred to as Dosha Viruddha because they share characteristics with the Doshas. [9 ] Gangadhara broke this phrase down into three categories: Ayushi B et al. A Review of Virudh Ahara in Skin Diseases J Ayu Int Med Sci 2025 ; 10 ( 2 ) 226

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A) Rasa - based Dosha Viruddha : B) Vata's Kashaya Rasa C)Kushtha's Vyadhi Virrudd Matravat Aahar. 7. Samskar Viruddha A) When food or food substances are turned into poison while being prepared, this is known as incompatibility of preparation. For instance, B) When the meat of a peacock is roasted on a stick of the castor plant [10 ] Reheating culinary items, such as oil and French fries. C) When honey is boiled or cooked at a high temperature, it becomes harmful to the body's systems 8. Veerya Viruddha Veerya Viruddha is the term used to describe eating foods that have opposite Veerya at the same time [11] For instance, Ushna Veerya fish is eaten with Sheeta Veerya milk 9. Kostha Viruddha Three varieties of Kostha have been described by Acharya Vagbhata [12] , as follows Ingesting substances that are contrary to Kostha is Kostha Viruddha's nature. For instance: Giving a Krura Kostha patient a small amount of a somewhat potent purgative medication [13] 10. Avashtha Viruddha Avastha Viruddha is incompatibility with regard to the state of the individual For example, when a Vata -provoking meal is given to someone who is exhausted due to physical strain, sexual activity, or fatigue, it turns out to be Avastha Viruddha. [14] 11. Karma Viruddha The incompatibility of eating rules is known as Karma Viruddha . Karma is associated with general eating rules and regulations. One should eat in accordance with these rules; if one is unable to follow them, his diet may become Karma Viruddha. For example, eating without passing urine or stool [15] 12. Parihar Viruddha There are certain foods that should be avoided. Intake of dietary substances that are referred to as Apathya -unwholesome in that specific condition is known as Parihar Viruddha. Instances include drinking cold water after consuming hot food, Ghee , etc [16 ] 13. Paka Viruddha This term refers to a culinary incompatibility that occurs when food items or diets are produced using rotten and unfit fuel, or when they are undercooked, overcooked, or burned [17] 14. Samyog Viruddha Combining two medicines that have harmful effects together. Milk with sour cuisine is one example [17] 15. Hridya Viruddha When a food item or ingredient has a bad taste, this is known as palatability incompatibility [17 ] 16. Sampad Viruddha When unripe, overripe, or putrefied (food) ingredients are used to make Rasa , there is an incompatibility with regard to richness of quality. Consuming such food items that lack edible properties might be regarded as Sampad Viruddha. [17] 17. Vidhi Viruddha Based on Upayoga Samstha's eight aspects of diet and dietetics (Astaaharvidhi Visesayatana ), one should take food substances and follow a diet. The diet, on the other hand, is Vidhi Viruddha. [17 ] 18 . Upachar Viruddha Those food ingredients that work against the treatment. Water consumption after Snehapan is one example [18 ] However, Upachara Viruddha and Parihar Viruddha are not that different from one another. However, Parihar Viruddha is associated with both healthy and unhealthy states, but Upachar Viruddha is primarily associated with the patient's state of sickness " Rasa, Veerya, Vipaka Viruddha " is another category that Susruta has mentioned. This kind could perhaps fall under Samyoga Viruddha Ayushi B et al. A Review of Virudh Ahara in Skin Diseases Mradu Kostha - Kapha Madhyama Kostha - Sama Dosha Krura Kostha - Vata J Ayu Int Med Sci 2025 ; 10 ( 2 ) 227

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Diseases Due to Viruddha Aahar A wide range of topics are covered in classical Ayurvedic literature about food, including the variety of natural sources, their characteristics in connection to locations and seasons, and their unique roles in both physiological and pathological states [19 ] It is clear from the previous explanation that if a person regularly consumes any of the following: procedures, combinations, dosages, amounts, and opposite qualities of food, it can result in a variety of diseases. According to Maharshi Charaka , these kinds of incorrect pairings can even result in death. Numerous illnesses, including impotence, Visarpa (erysipelas), blindness, ascites, bullous, insanity, ano fistula, coma or fainting, intoxication, abdominal distention, neck stiffness, various anemias, indigestions, skin conditions, intestinal diseases, swelling, gastritis, fever, rhinitis, and infertility, can be brought on by Viruddha Ahara If the illnesses on the above list are categorized by bodily systems, then regular ingestion of Viruddha Ahara can be considered to have an impact on the immune, endocrine, digestive, neurological, and circulatory systems Patient food patterns have been found to have a major impact on a number of medical and psychological conditions, including depression, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and obstructive sleep apnea [20,21,22] Role In Skin Diseases One of the causes of Kustha Roga is Viruddha Aahara . Consuming an incompatible diet, such as eating fish, Lakucha , and Kakamachi constantly, as well as fish with milk, and eating foods that contain Yavaka, Udalaka , and Cinaka with curd, milk, and masa , can cause the pathogenesis of skin conditions. Skin symptoms such as rashes, itching, burning, wheals, etc., might be brought on by an incompatible diet. Utkotha, Udarda, Kotha, Shitapita , and other symptoms are caused by Viruddha Ahara. [23,24,25,26] Asatmya Ahara- Vihara, which includes allergens and toxic foods, can result in Rakta Dushti , which further starts the pathophysiology of skin diseases. Incompatible diets also induce Tridosha vitiation, which affects Agni and makes it Manda Dushya of Rasa and Rakta , together with Rasavaha and Ratavaha Srotodushti , then leads to the main signs of skin problems Pathophysiology in skin diseases Ayurveda states that consuming Viruddh Aahar could result in an incorrect Aahar Rasa formation The Dhatu who comes after Rasa Dhatu is Rakta The vitiated Rakta forms as a result of vitiated Rasa Dhatu . Additionally, vitiated Rakta causes its vitiated Mala Pitta to form. Bhrajaka Pitta is the link between Pitta Dosha and skin. One of the five forms of Pitta that live in the skin is Bhrajaka Pitta Additionally, consuming Viruddh Aahar may be one of the main reasons of skin conditions. The vitiation of Rakta Dhatu , the primary cause of many ailments, including the following skin conditions: [27] Visarpa, Pidika, Kotha, Charmadala, Kustha, Santapa, Kandu, and Vaivarnya. Food products that are recommended and contraindicated for dermatological conditions Food good for skin health Foods that are beneficial to the health of the skin Charaka has suggested using foods that are easy to digest and veggies that have a strong flavor to treat skin conditions. When combined with meals, ghee made with marking nut, Triphala , and Neem can help with skin conditions. Green grams, old grains, and the meat of animals from forests and arid regions are foods that can help with skin conditions Food to be avoided for skin health For all skin conditions, a heavy diet, sour taste, curd, milk, marshy animal flesh, and jaggery are prohibited Chikitsa Sidhanta [28 ] According to Acharya Charakhas, a person who regularly consumes Viruddha Aahar should be treated in the following ways to prevent or treat the associated disease: 1. Samshodhan - Vaman and Virechan 2. Samshaman - Drug usage based on Doshik 3. Consistent application of Rasayanas The following individuals are either unaffected or less impacted by Viruddha Aahar [28 ] 1. An individual who has excellent digestion, or Deeptagnii 2. A young person, that is, in the prime of their physical and mental development. 3. A person for whom Oksatmya is the Viruddha Aahar. Ayushi B et al. A Review of Virudh Ahara in Skin Diseases J Ayu Int Med Sci 2025 ; 10 ( 2 ) 228

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4. It is via exercises that a person gains competence Conclusion Healthy use of Ahara promotes health, but unhealthy eating habits lead to a number of illnesses. The Ayurvedic concept of Viruddha Ahara describes food incompatibilities. In the 26 th chapter of Sutrasthana, Maharshi Charaka outlines the 18 kinds of Viruddha Ahara. Consuming it regularly can cause a number of illnesses to develop. By adhering to the healthy eating pattern recommended by Ayurveda, the illnesses brought on by Viruddha Ahara can be avoided. Purification therapy along with Hita Sevan , or a healthy diet, is recommended as a treatment for it References 1. Dwivedi L. Charaka Samhita (Ayurveda-Dipika, Sanskrit Commentary). 5 th ed. Varanasi: Chowkhamba Academy; 2021. Sutra Sthana 25/33. p. 444 [Crossref][PubMed][Google Scholar] 2. Charaka. Charaka Samhita (Charak Chandrika Hindi Commentary). Edited by Tripathi B, Pandey GS. 1 st ed. Varanasi: Chaukhamba Surbharti Prakashan; 2007. Sutra Sthana 26/85. p. 496 [Crossref][PubMed][Google Scholar] 3. Sushruta. Sushruta Samhita (Nibandhasangraha Sanskrit Commentary). Edited by Trikamji Y. 5 th ed Varanasi: Chaukhambha Orientalia; 1992. Sutra Sthana 20/20. p. 85 [Crossref][PubMed][Google Scholar] 4. Vagbhata. Ashtanga Hridaya Samhita. Edited by Kunte AM, Paradkar HS. Reprint ed. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Samskrita Samsthana; 2011. Sutra Sthana 7/45. p. 137 [Crossref][PubMed][Google Scholar] 5. Charaka. Charaka Samhita (Charak Chandrika Hindi Commentary). Edited by Tripathi B, Pandey GS. 1 st ed. Varanasi: Chaukhamba Surbharti Prakashan; 2007. Sutra Sthana 26/89. p. 497 [Crossref][PubMed][Google Scholar] 6. Charaka. Charaka Samhita (Charak Chandrika Hindi Commentary). Edited by Tripathi B, Pandey GS. 1 st ed. Varanasi: Chaukhamba Surbharti Prakashan; 2007. Sutra Sthana 26/90. p. 497 [Crossref][PubMed][Google Scholar] 7. Dwivedi L. Charaka Samhita (Ayurveda-Dipika, Sanskrit Commentary). 5 th ed. Varanasi: Chowkhamba Krishnadas Academy; 2021. Sutra Sthana 26/89-98. p. 508 [Crossref][PubMed] [Google Scholar] 8. Dwivedi L. Charaka Samhita (Ayurveda-Dipika, Sanskrit Commentary). 5 th ed. Varanasi: Chowkhamba Krishnadas Academy; 2021. Sutra Sthana 26/89-98. p. 508 [Crossref][PubMed] [Google Scholar] 9. Charaka. Charaka Samhita (Charak Chandrika Hindi Commentary). Edited by Tripathi B, Pandey GS. 1 st ed. Varanasi: Chaukhamba Surbharti Prakashan; 2007. Sutra Sthana 26/92. p. 497 [Crossref][PubMed][Google Scholar] 10. Dwivedi L. Charaka Samhita (Ayurveda-Dipika, Sanskrit Commentary). 5 th ed. Varanasi: Chowkhamba Krishnadas Academy; 2021. Sutra Sthana 26/89-98. p. 508 [Crossref][PubMed] [Google Scholar] 11. Charaka. Charaka Samhita (Charak Chandrika Hindi Commentary). Edited by Tripathi B, Pandey GS. 1 st ed. Varanasi: Chaukhamba Surbharti Prakashan; 2007. Sutra Sthana 26/94. p. 497 [Crossref][PubMed][Google Scholar] 12. Kushwah HS. Ashtanga Hridayam (Sarvangasundara and Ayurvedarasayana Kusumprabha Hindi Commentary). 1 st ed. Varanasi: Chowkhamba Orientalia; 2018. Sutra Sthana 01/09. p. 22 [Crossref][PubMed][Google Scholar] 13. Dwivedi L. Charaka Samhita (Ayurveda-Dipika, Sanskrit Commentary). 5 th ed. Varanasi: Chowkhamba Krishnadas Academy; 2021. Sutra Sthana 26/89-98. p. 508 [Crossref][PubMed] [Google Scholar] 14. Dwivedi L. Charaka Samhita (Ayurveda-Dipika, Sanskrit Commentary). 5 th ed. Varanasi: Chowkhamba AYUSHDHARA, Krishnadas Academy; 2021. Sutra Sthana 26/89-98. p. 508 [Crossref] [PubMed][Google Scholar] 15. Dwivedi L. Charaka Samhita (Ayurveda-Dipika, Sanskrit Commentary). 5 th ed. Varanasi: Chowkhamba AYUSHDHARA, Krishnadas Academy; 2021. Sutra Sthana 26/89-98. p. 508 [Crossref] [PubMed][Google Scholar] Ayushi B et al. A Review of Virudh Ahara in Skin Diseases J Ayu Int Med Sci 2025 ; 10 ( 2 ) 229

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