A Positive Role of Nidra in Mental Health

[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Neha, Guna, Keshav, Narendra, Tamas, Happy, Med, Alma]

REVIEW ARTICLE September 2024 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | September 2024 | Vol. 9 | Issue 9 75 A Positive Role of Nidra in Mental Health Neha Bishnoi 1 , Keshav Asiwal 2 , Narendra Mehta 3 1,2 Post Graduate Scholar, PG Department of Rog Nidan Evum Vikriti Vigyan, MMM Govt. Ayurved College, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India. 3 Post Graduate Scholar, PG Department of Dravya Guna, Institute for Ayurved Studies & Research, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India. I NTRODUCTION This is a state of nature which causes encapsulation to the consciousness of a person. Definition The definitions given in ancient texts are as followsa) The mental process of sleep is knowledge devoid of cognition. Sleep is a state of unconsciousness, although consciousness about one's own unconsciousness endures, according to Acharya Vyas [1] b) The " Mandukya Upanishad " states that " Alma" experiences Nidra, or the state of not having any dreams or desires, and that condition is known as "Susupti ." [2] Address for correspondence: Dr. Neha Bishnoi Post Graduate Scholar, PG Department of Rog Nidan Evum Vikriti Vigyan, MMM Govt. Ayurved College, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India. E-mail: nehabishnoi 724@gmail.com Submission Date: 09/08/2024 Accepted Date: 21/09/2024 Access this article online Quick Response Code Website: www.jaims.in DOI: 10.21760/jaims.9.9.10 c) Acharya Charak confirmed that a person experiences sleep when their sensory and motor organs become inactive, their mind (as well as their soul) becomes weary, or both, etc [3] d) Acharya Susruta taught that sleep happens when Tamas covers the Hridaya , the Chetana 's seat. Nidra is the state of combination of mind [4] e) According to Acharya Dalhana, the Susruta commentator states, that Nidra is the state of combination of mind and intellectual in which the person feels happy [5] f) According to Astanga Sangraha commentary, stated that, the Manovaha Srotas become accumulated with Sleshma and mind is devoid of sense organs because of fatigue, when individual fell asleep [6] M ATERIALS AND M ETHODS Materials related to Nidra and Sleep physiology have been collected from different journals, Ayurvedic text books, authentic websites (Pub Med etc.), Reputed Magazines, Authentic literatures, Manuscripts, Sanskrit Dictionary etc, Significance of sleep The three primary pyramids of life - Ahara, Nidra, and Brahmacharya -are essential to maintaining human A B S T R A C T The three primary life milestones mentioned in the ancient Ayurvedic texts are Ahara, Nidra , and Brahmacharya of these, Nidra is one that is particularly important to humans. Nidra is an essential component of daily existence. Nidra can create major medical conditions if it is not taken regularly, which can impact both physical and mental health. Many pathological illnesses known as Anidra (primary insomnia) are brought on by a lack of Nidra . It eventually develops into a chronic disorder known as secondary or tertiary insomnia. The Samhitas contain the complete study of Nidra and its classification in classical science. Key words: Nidra, Mental Health, Anidra A B S T R A C T

[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Darshan, Cool, Long, Main, Job, Don, Good, Ritu]

Neha Bishnoi et al. A Positive Role of Nidra in Mental Health ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE September 2024 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | September 2024 | Vol. 9 | Issue 9 76 health. Three components; Ahara, Nidra , and Brahmacharya, are compared with triangles in Ayurvedic literature and are referred to as the three Upastambh as or Tripods. The worth of Nidra is established by its inclusion in the three Upastambha. [7] When discussing Nidra, Acharyas explained that sleep determines happiness and sadness, development and wasting, strength and weakness, virility and impotence, and termination [8] Physiology of sleep Sleep happens when the mind is tired. Sleep is caused by cerebral ischaemia. Ayurvedic mental activities are correlated with higher brain centres such as the associated area, pine and post central gyrus, and so on, which are located in the cerebral cortex. Thus, as a result of the decreased cerebral blood flow, the mind becomes quiet, which leads to sleep [9] Sleep patterns are controlled While awake, the brain's two main nerve cell systems interact to keep the animal in a state of alertness. The upper brain creates acetylcholine, which the animal uses as a neurotransmitter (NT), while the brain's midbrain receives inputs to activate the thalamus. Consequently, it stimulates the prefrontal brain and produces an awake EEG pattern. But while engaging in Random Eye Movement, the cholinergic nerve cells, thalamus & the cortex are in s condition, similar to wakefulness but the brain is in random Eye Movement (REM) sleep. The difference is supplied by three sets of serve cells in the upper part of the brain stem. The nerve cells that contain the neurotransmitter. Two subsets of hypothalamic nerve cells regulate the brain stem cell groups responsible for arousal. Neurotransmitters called inhibitory NT and GABA are present in one subset of nerve cells located in the ventrolateral pre-optic nucleus. The suprachiasmatic nucleus, which regulates the body's circadian rhythm, has a profound impact on the sleep cycle. Clock genes are present in these hypothalamic nerve cells. wherein sleep, hormones, and other physiological processes go through a biochemical cycle that lasts nearly exactly 24 hours [10] Functions of sleep A good night's sleep promotes the Dhatu Samya (balance of body elements), alertness, clear vision, a healthy complexion, and strong digestion. According to Acharya Susurut , people who get enough sleep at the right times won't get sick of any kind, have a cool, collected mind, gain strength and attractive features, have good virility, have a beautiful body, aren't weak or obese, and have long, healthy lives [11] DISCUSSION The study's key finding: There is a direct correlation between sleep and mental health. The interaction between Sharira and Satva in all aspects of life is emphasised by Ayurveda . Sleep plays a significant role in mental health issues and is often included in the diagnosis criteria for certain disorders. Due to hectic schedules and stress, people in this day and age are not receiving enough sleep, which has led to work hours interfering with sleep. Another factor that reduced the amount of time spent sleeping was tension. A healthy individual will become a patient if they don't get enough sleep. At first, it's not a major issue. However, it later causes a variety of health problems and illnesses. CONCLUSION This article's primary goal is to provide an outline of the concept of Nidra and emphasise its significance for human life. Nidra is one of the most significant topics to research in the modern period. In the current scenario, Nidra is a major element because of the demanding job and study schedules. Nidra is essential to living a healthy life. Our Acharyas have already discussed Nidra and its upkeep before 5000 years ago. They also explained the Ritu according to Ahara and Vihara . Additionally, Acharyas discussed the causes, diagnosis, and therapy of Anidra. REFERENCES 1 Brahmalinamuni Yoga Darshan Samadhi pada, 10. 6 th ed. Varanasi: Choukhambha Sanskrit Samsthan. 2003, pg.40

[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Sharma, Deepika, Nil]

Neha Bishnoi et al. A Positive Role of Nidra in Mental Health ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE September 2024 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | September 2024 | Vol. 9 | Issue 9 77 2 Sharma S. Mandukyopanishat, Jnanakhanda 108. 4 th ed. New Delhi: Parimala Publication. 2005, pg.362. 3 Sharma R. Caraka Samhita Cakrapani Ayurveda Deepika. Sutra 21/35, 1 st ed. Varanasi: Choukhambha Sanskrit Samsthan. 2012; 1:381. 4 Jadavji T. Susruta Samhita, Dalhana Nibandha Sangraha. Varanasi: Choukhambha Subharati. 1994; 4/33-5:277. 5 Jadavji T. Susruta Samhita, Dalhana Nibandha Sangraha. Varanasi: Choukhambha Subharati. 1994; S 1/25:6. 6 Trippathi R. Astanga Sangraha, Varanasi: Choukhambha Sanskrit Pratishthan, 1996; 9/39:197. 7 Sharma R. Caraka Samhita Cakrapani Ayurveda Deepika. Sutra 11/35, 1 st ed. Varanasi: Choukhambha Sanskrit Samsthan. 2012; 1:219. 8 Sharma R. Caraka Samhita Cakrapani Ayurveda Deepika. Sutra 21/35, 1 st ed. Varanasi: Choukhambha Sanskrit Samsthan. 2012; 1:381. 9 Chatterjee C Human Physiology. 10 th ed. Culcatta Medical allied Agency. 1991, pg.5-267-68. 10 Dhamini N. Role of Manasa bhavas in Anidra and its management with certain Indigenous drugs and shirodhara, Manasa Roga (PG). IPGT & RA Jamnagar, Gujarat 2004, p.29-33-35 11 Jadav T. Suaruta Samhita, Daliana Nibandha Sangraha Varanasi Choukhambha Subharat, 1994. 24/88:398. ******************************* How to cite this article: Neha Bishnoi, Keshav Asiwal, Narendra Mehta. A Positive Role of Nidra in Mental Health. J Ayurveda Integr Med Sci 2024;9:75-77. http://dx.doi.org/10.21760/jaims.9.9.10 Source of Support: Nil, Conflict of Interest: None declared. Copyright © 2024 The Author(s); Published by Maharshi Charaka Ayurveda Organization, Vijayapur (Regd). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and perform the work and make derivative works based on it only for non-commercial purposes, provided the original work is properly cited