A Pharmaceutical Study on Panchanan Rasa

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE August 2024 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | August 2024 | Vol. 9 | Issue 8 20 A Pharmaceutical Study on Panchanan Rasa Satyam Bhargava 1 , Vivek Awasthi 2 , Omvir Singh 3 1 Assistant Professor, Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Vimla Ayurveda Medical College and Hospital, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. 2 Vice Principal & HOD, Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Vimla Ayurveda Medical College and Hospital, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. 3 Principal & HOD, Dept. of Dravyaguna, Vimla Ayurveda Medical College and Hospital, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. I NTRODUCTION Rasa Shastra & Bhaishajya Kalpana branch of Ayurveda , a broad science of medicine, emphasizes following standard pharmaceutical procedures when developing medicines. Most of the basic principles of are like Shodhana, Jarana, Marana , and Bhavana etc. are an integral part of drug development. They help improve the properties of the medicine & make the medicine more suitable, attractive & palatable. This pharmaceutical science has the following characteristics, namely immediate effectiveness, small Address for correspondence: Dr. Satyam Bhargava Assistant Professor, Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana, Vimla Ayurveda Medical College and Hospital, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. E-mail: bhargava 1708@gmail.com Submission Date: 11/07/2024 Accepted Date: 24/08/2024 Access this article online Quick Response Code Website: www.jaims.in DOI: 10.21760/jaims.9.8.3 doses & wide therapeutic applicability, regardless of constitutional differences. An attempt was made to establish pharmaceutical procedure for preparation of the research formulation i.e ., Panchanan Rasa. In this section all the processes adopted for the preparation of Panchanan Rasa with explicit detail of procurement of raw material quantity, duration, materials & methods along with timely observed and recorded values are presented. Need of study Herbal medicines are indicated in Hridya Roga , but the work on Rasa Aushadhi has not been so far much explored, Panchanan Rasa has been mentioned in Rasa Ratna Samu-Chya for the treatment of Hridya Roga , as per our knowledge is concerned there has been no pharmaceutical and analytical study on Panchanan Rasa , so there is need for establishing its pharmaceutical and analytical process, so this study has been taken. R EVIEW OF LITERATURE It is one of the potent herbo-mineral drugs and the detailed description of ingredients, usage, properties, A B S T R A C T Rasa Shastra is a specialized branch of Indian system of traditional medicine which mainly deals with the use of metals, minerals and herbs along-with the application of varied principles of Alchemy. Panchanan Rasa a chief reference from Rasa Ratna Sammuchya 14/09 was taken for Hridya Roga . It is a herbo-mineral preparation made finally with the use Kharal Yantra so called Kharaliye Rasayan , & is given after proper Mardan only in powder form with vehicle indicated for administering it. In recent scenario Hridya Roga is becoming a major concern disease every 1 in 10 person is suffering from sudden/chronic heart/artery disease with varied etiology & also patients are not able to afford such costly intervention to manage it, so effort is made to do pre-clinical study on the formulation & get some data to go for further clinical study in future. Key words: Rasa Shastra, Panchanan Rasa, Kharaliye, Hridya Roga, Alchemy

[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Parada, Tray, Sharman, Sharma, Local, Viti, Hot, Mercury, Dairy, Lime, Pink, Sudha, Amul, Mask, English, Market, Table, Phoenix, Cow, Amla, Milk, Hours, Salt, Ghee, Ghi, Cotton, Rasna]

Satyam Bhargava et al. A Pharmaceutical Study on Panchanan Rasa ISSN: 2456-3110 ORIGINAL ARTICLE August 2024 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | August 2024 | Vol. 9 | Issue 8 21 method of preparation, and therapeutic effect of Panchanan Rasa is mentioned in Rasa Ratna Samuchchya , Hridya Roga Chikitsa chapter 14/09 [1] A IM AND O BJECTIVES To conduct pharmaceutical study to assess the formulation development procedure of formulation. M ATERIALS AND M ETHODS Materials [1] 1 Parad (Mercury [Hg]) 2 Gandhak (Sulphur [S]) 3 Amla ( Phyllanthus emblica ) 4 Draksha ( Vitis Vinifera ) 5 Yashtimadhu ( Glycyrrhiza glabra ) 6 Khajur ( Phoenix dactylifera ), Were obtained from the Rasa Shashtra Pharmacy of Pt. Khushilal Sharma Govt. Ayurveda Institute Bhopal MP & was purified as per the classical methods. Methods: Pharmaceutical study Associated drugs and their procurement: ▪ Godugdha (Cow’s milk): Amul Dairy, Bhopal ▪ Goghrita (Cow’s ghee): Amul Dairy, Bhopal ▪ Quick Lime : Local Market, Bhopal ▪ Garlic ( Allium Sativum ) : Local Market, Bhopal ▪ Saindhava (Pink Salt): Pharmacy of Rasashastra evam Bhaisajya Kalpana, Bhopal ▪ Water (RO Water): Pt. Khushilal Sharma Govt Ayurveda College, Bhopal Following are subdivided into such headings: ▪ Processing of Raw Materials ▪ Parada Shodhana ▪ Gandhaka Shodhana ▪ Preparation of Kajjali ▪ Preparation of Kwath [5] for Bhavana o Kwath of Amalaki , 1 times Bhavana o Kwath of Yashtimadhu , 1 times Bhavana o Kwath of Draksha , 1 times Bhavana o Kwath of Khajura , 1 times Bhavana ▪ Preparation of Panchanan Rasa Table 1.1: Showing ingredients of Panchanan Rasa SN Ingredients English Name Quantity 1. Shuddha Parada Mercury 100 gm 2. Shuddha Gandhaka Sulphur 100 gm 3. Khajura Phoenix dactylifera 50 ml 4. Amla Phyllanthus emblica 50 ml 5. Yashtimadhu Glycyrrhiza glabra 50 ml 6. Draksha Vitis vinifera 50 ml Parada Shodhana Reference: Rasa Tarangini [2] Principle: Mardana & Prakshalana Samanya Shodhana of Parada was carried out in two phases: ▪ By Shudha Churna (Quick Lime) ▪ By Rasona & Saindhava Lavana Parada Shodhana by Sudha Churna Table 1.2: Showing ingredient & quantity Starting Materials Quantity Completion 30/10/2022 Ashodhita Parada 500 gm. 12/11/2022 Shudha Churna 500 gm. Equipment: Khalva Yantra, Cotton Cloth, Mask, Gloves, Spatula Tray, Plastic Vessel, Hot Water. Methods ▪ Ashodhita Parada (500 gm.) & Shudha Churna (500 gm.) was taken in a mortar & was triturated for 47 hours with the help of pestle.

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Satyam Bhargava et al. A Pharmaceutical Study on Panchanan Rasa ISSN: 2456-3110 ORIGINAL ARTICLE August 2024 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | August 2024 | Vol. 9 | Issue 8 22 ▪ Shodhita Parada was collected from Shudha Churna by Vastragalana. ▪ Remaining Shodhita Parada was obtained by Urdhapatana method. ▪ The quantity of Shodhita Parada obtained was 474.15 gm Parada Shodhana by Rasona Kalka and Saindhav Lavana Table 1.3: Showing ingredients & quantity Date of starting Ingredients Quantity Completion 12/11/2022 Parada (obtained from Shudha Churna ) 474.15 gm. 19/11/2022 Rasona (peeled garlic) 474.15 gm. Saindhava Lavana (Pink salt) 237.07 gm. Equipment: Khalwa Yantra, Cotton Cloth, Mask, Gloves, Spatula Tray, Plastic vessel, Hot water. Procedure ▪ Shudha Shodhita Parada (450 gm.) and Rasona Kalka (474.15 gm.) were added in the mortar and half the quantity of Saindhava Lavana (237.07 gm.) was added and is triturated for 30 hrs. ▪ Prakshalana of garlic paste was done with lukewarm water for 3 times. ▪ Every time, the supernatant water was collected & dried to obtain the Parada . ▪ The remaining garlic paste was dried in sunlight & Parada was obtained by scrapping. ▪ Urdhvapatan process was also performed to obtain the remaining Parada from the Rasona Kalka . Gandhaka Shodhana [3] Reference: Rasa Tarangini Principle: Dhalana Equipment’s: Stainless Steel Vessels, Gas Stove, Spatula, Cotton Cloth, Infrared Thermometer. Date of starting: 14/12/2022 Date of completion: 28/12/2022 Ingredients Table 3.10: Showing list of ingredients for Gandhaka Sodhana Dravya taken 1 st Dhalana 2 nd Dhalana 3 rd Dhalana Final result Asuddha Gandhaka 500 gm. 457 gm. 429 gm. 414 gm. Goghrita 500 gm. 500 gm. 500 gm. Godugdha 1000 ml 1000 ml 1000 ml Procedure ▪ 500 gm. Ashodhita Gandhaka was crushed in Khalva Yantra to obtain fine powder. ▪ 500 gm. of Goghrita was heated & melted in a vessel. ▪ Then powdered Gandhakaa was added in Goghrita & stirred continuously till it got completely melted. ▪ 1000 ml Godugdha was taken in another steel vessel & a cotton cloth was tied over it. ▪ Then molten mixture of Gandhaka & Goghrita was poured in to the vessel containing Godugdha through the cloth to filter the impurities. ▪ After self-cooling a solid mass with some granular part of Gandhaka was taken out from the vessel & thoroughly washed with hot water to remove the Snehansha. ▪ Same procedure was repeated 3 times as per the reference, to obtain Shuddha Gandhaka. Preparation of Kajjali Reference: Rasa Ratna Samucchya Principle: Mardana Equipment’s: Khalva Yantra (Mortar and Pestle), Spoon, Plate.

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Satyam Bhargava et al. A Pharmaceutical Study on Panchanan Rasa ISSN: 2456-3110 ORIGINAL ARTICLE August 2024 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | August 2024 | Vol. 9 | Issue 8 23 Ingredients: Table 3.13: Showing ingredients & quantity for Kajjali Preparation Procedure ▪ 380 gm. of Shodhita Parada & 380 gm. of Shodhita Gandhaka were taken in the Khalva Yantra & triturated for 37 hours. ▪ Trituration was continued until the Kajjali became black color, lusterless, Varitara & fulfil all criteria of Kajjali as mentioned in AFI. Preparation of Kwath [5] : Yashtimadhu, Amla, Khajura, Draksha Name of procedure: Preparation of Kwath Reference: Sh.Sa.Ma.Kh.9 Date of inception: 31/01/2023 Date of Completion: 04/02/2023 Principle: Kwathan (Boiling) Equipment’s: Iron Vessel, Spatula, Gas Stove, Cloth, Measuring Jar, Infrared Thermometer Material: Kwath Dravya - 40 gm. Portable water - 640 ml Methods: ▪ 40 gm. of Yavakuta Kwath Dravya was kept in vessel. ▪ 640 ml drinking water (16 times of drug) was taken in vessel & kept overnight. ▪ Next day to prepare Kwath a vessel kept on mild heat without covering its mouth. ▪ Boiling was continued and reduced the quantity up to 1/4 th of initial. ▪ The mixture was then filtered through double folded cotton cloth and kept in a vessel. ▪ Further this Kwatha was used for Bhavana in the formulation. Preparation: Panchanan Rasa Name of procedure: Preparation of Rasa with Bhavana, Mardan Reference: R.R.S. 14/21 Date of inception: 01/02/2023 Date of Completion: 05/02/2023 Principle: Mardana & Bhavana Equipment’s: Mortar And Pestle, Stainless Steel Plate, Dryer, Spatula Material: Kajjali, Yashtimadhu Kwatha, Amla Kwatha, Khajura Kwatha, Draksha Kwatha Methods Pre-procedure: Main ingredients were taken in Kharal i.e., ▪ Kajjali - 200 gm ▪ Yashtimadhu Kwatha - 50 ml ▪ Amlaki Kwatha - 50 ml ▪ Khajura Kwatha - 50 ml ▪ Draksha Kwatha - 50 ml Main-procedure Panchanan Rasa was prepared in mortar & pestle by the Mardana procedure, taking Samguna Kajjali was prepared by taking Shuddha Parada & Shuddha Gandhaka . Once Kajjali was prepared, the mixture was subjected to each Bhavana of Yashtimadhu Kwatha, Amlaki Kwatha, Khajura Kwatha, Draksha Kwatha . Each Bhavana took one day to complete the procedure. Triturate the whole mixture to form paste & then mixture was dried in shade to get powder. Date of starting Ingredient Quantity Completion 29/12/2022 Shuddha Parada 380 gm. 04/01/2023 Shuddha Gandhaka 380 gm.

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Satyam Bhargava et al. A Pharmaceutical Study on Panchanan Rasa ISSN: 2456-3110 ORIGINAL ARTICLE August 2024 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | August 2024 | Vol. 9 | Issue 8 24 Observation Table 2.1: showing observation of Parada Shodhana by Shudha Churna Time of Trituration Observations 3 Hours Parada started disintegrating into medium sized globules. On resuming maximum amount of Parada reappeared at the base of the Khalvayantra. 6 Hours Mixture of Shudha & Parada turned into light gray color, Parada seen at the base of Khalvayantra. 9 Hours Parada disintegrated in small globules of and light gray color of Shudha Churna was seen. 12 Hours Mixture became heavy and grey in color. 18 Hours Very small droplets of Parada were visible on minute observation of the mixture. 21 Hours Parada droplets were completely mixed. Dark gray color of mixture was seen. 35 Hours Dark gray color of mixture was seen 47 Hours Mardana process completed. Table 2.2: Showing observation of Parada Shodhana by Rasona & Saindhava Lavana. Triturating Time Observed changes during Parada Shodhana 1 Hour Mixture of Rasona and Saindhava was formed but Parada was clearly visible. 3 Hours Parada started to disintegrate & mix with the garlic paste forming small globules. 6 Hours Garlic paste changes to light greyish color 9 Hours Color of paste was dark grey & few small particles of Parada was visible. 18 Hours Dark grey color of mixture was seen. 25 Hours Parada was homogenously mixed in the mixture & no Parada droplets were visible. 28 Hours Parada was homogenously mixed in the mixture but Mardana was continued, color of garlic paste turned to blackish gray. 30 Hours Mardana process completed. Table 2.3: Showing Organoleptic characters of Parada after Shodhana Parameter Characteristics Color Shiny white Appearance Bright and shinny Consistency Liquid Odor Not specific Table 2.4: Showing observation during Gandhaka Shodhana Parameter Before Shodhana On heating After Shodhana Color Bright yellow Reddish brown Dark yellow State Crystalline solid Liquid Granular Touch Khara Snigdha, Mridu Taste Bitter Tasteless Odor Pungent Goghrita Table 2.5: Showing the observation during the Mardana process of Kajjali Time of Trituration (Hours) Observation 0 Parada + Gandhaka 3 Minute Parada particle was seen in Gandhaka 6 Parada was completely mixed with Gandhaka , but shine of Parada could be seen

[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Loss, Anjana, Smooth, Weight]

Satyam Bhargava et al. A Pharmaceutical Study on Panchanan Rasa ISSN: 2456-3110 ORIGINAL ARTICLE August 2024 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | August 2024 | Vol. 9 | Issue 8 25 9 Mixture became greenish black. 12 Mixture became dark grey in color. Shine of Parada was seen. 15 Soft texture of mixture with shiny particles. 20 Mardana was continued to attain complete Lakshana of Kajjali. 24 Attained Rekhapoorna & Slakshnatwa . Dark black color was seen. 34 Nischandratwa was observed. 37 Showed completion of Kajjali Lakshana Table 2.6: Showing Organoleptic examination of Kajjali Parameter Characteristics Color Black Form Fine powder Taste Tasteless Odor Mild Pungent Touch Soft and Smooth Appearance Anjana Sadrasha Observation ▪ Kwatha attained brown color. ▪ Kwatha became soft because of soaking in water whole night. ▪ To prepare Kwatha the temperature was to be maintained is 80-85 ℃ . ▪ The whole procedure was completed in 1 hr Table 2.7: Showing Bhavana for Panchanan Rasa Bhavana no. Bhavana Dravya Bhavana Dravya Quantity Time taken for Bhavana 1 st Yashtimadhu Kwatha 50 ml 1 hr. 2 nd Amla Kwatha 50 ml 1 hr. 3 rd Khajura Kwatha 50 ml 1 hr. 4 th Draksha Kwatha 50 ml 1 hr. Total = 04 200 ml 4 hours Results Table 3.1: Showing result of Parada Shodhana by Shudha Churna Parameter Weight Initial wt. 500 gm. Wt. Obtained by Vastragalan and Urdhapatana 474.15 gm. Total wt. Obtained 474.15 gm. Loss of wt. 25.85 gm. Loss of wt. % 5.17% Table 3.2: Showing result of Parada Shodhana by Rasona and Saindhava Lavana. Parameter Weight Initial wt. 474.15 gm. Wt. obtained by Prakshalana, Scrapping & Urdhvapatana 445.23 gm. Loss of wt. 23.32 gm. Loss of wt. % 4.92% Table no. 3.3 - Showing loss during Purification of Parada. Parameter Weight % Loss in 1 st Shodhana 5.17% % Loss in 2 nd Shodhana 4.92% Total Loss of wt. % 10.09%

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Satyam Bhargava et al. A Pharmaceutical Study on Panchanan Rasa ISSN: 2456-3110 ORIGINAL ARTICLE August 2024 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | August 2024 | Vol. 9 | Issue 8 26 Total no. of days taken 21 days Table 3.4: Showing result during Gandhaka Shodhana. Parameter Weight Ashodhita Gandhaka 500 gm. Shuddha Gandhaka 414 gm. Total loss of wt. 86 gm. Total loss of wt.% 17.2 % Total no. of days 15 Table 3.5: Showing result during Kajjali preparation. Parameter Weight Time duration 37 hours Final weight of prepared Kajjali 742 gm. Loss of weight 18 gm. Loss of Wt.% 2.36 % Total days taken 7 days Table 3.6: Results of Kwatha preparation Date Bhav ana Bhavan a Dravya Amo unt Wa ter Kwa tha Ti me Compl eted 01/02/ 2023 1 st Yashtim adhu 40 g m 640 ml 80 ml 1 h r 02/02/ 2023 02/02/ 2023 2 nd Amla 40 g m 640 ml 80 ml 1 h r 03/02/ 2023 03/02/ 2023 3 rd Khajura 40 g m 640 ml 80 ml 1 h r 04/02/ 2023 04/02/ 2023 4 th Draksha 40 g m 640 ml 80 ml 1 h r 05/02/ 2023 Table 3.7: Showing the result of Panchanan Rasa SN Parameter Quantity 1. Wt. of Kajjali 200 gm. 2. Wt. of all herbal drug 160 gm 3. Vol. of Yashtimadhu Kwatha 50 ml 4. Vol. of Amla Kwatha 50 ml 5. Vol. of Khajura Kwatha 50 ml 6. Vol. of Draksha Kwatha 50 ml 7. Final prepared weight of Panchanan Rasa 220 gm 8. Wt. gain 20 gm 9. Wt. gain % 10% DISCUSSION Mercury ( Parada ) is a vital component in many Rasa Shastra formulations. The proper handling, purification, and incorporation of mercury into these medicines require a deep understanding of its properties & reactions. The validity & credibility of Rasa Shastra as a branch of Ayurveda depend on successfully mastering the practical aspects of preparation. This highlights the importance of tradition, expertise & adherence to established methods in this field. So here we discuss about the pharmaceutical study of drug in stepwise procedure - ▪ Sodhana of Parada ▪ Sodhana of Gandhaka ▪ Preparation of Kajjali ▪ Preparation of Panchanan Rasa Shodhana of Parada Purification of mercury is a vital process to be carried out, before using it in any of Rasayoga (Herbo-mineral preparation) for internal administration. As Quick lime, Garlic, & Saindhava Lavana are easily available for normal purification of Parada as indicated in the text, to make Parada fit for consumption & devoid of any impurities. The total quantity of Parada was taken 500 gm & obtained was 474.15 gm & the loss observed was 25.85 gm. Again 474.15 gm of Parada was

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Satyam Bhargava et al. A Pharmaceutical Study on Panchanan Rasa ISSN: 2456-3110 ORIGINAL ARTICLE August 2024 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | August 2024 | Vol. 9 | Issue 8 27 triturated with 474.15 gm of Nistush Rasona and 237.07 gm of Saindhava Lavana . The loss that was observed was due to spitting of material in Khalvya Yantra , during washing of Parada ( Prakshalan ) i.e., loss due to Jala Gati. The heat produced due to continuous friction of mortar & pestle along with the uniform rising of temperature would seize the impurities into the quick lime, Rasona & Saindhava Lavana . The obtained Parada was bright, clear & shiny white like mirror after Samanya Shodhana as it has undergone purification procedures the impurities got dissolved or absorbed in the quick lime with trituration (47 hours). With garlic paste & Saindhava Lavana the trituration was done for 30 hours making it bright in colour. Parada trituration with Sudha Churna , Rasona Kalka & Saindhava Lavana are viable methods. Garlic's sulphur compounds are thought to have chelating properties, which means they can help bind to heavy metals like mercury & facilitate their removal from the body. This chelation process is considered beneficial in reducing the toxic effects of heavy metal poisoning. The use of garlic in the purification of mercury is an intriguing concept. Traditional purification processes aim to remove impurities & make the mercury safer for medicinal use. Garlic's chelating properties could potentially aid in this purification process. Once purified, the mercury can be used in various pharmaceutical procedures and as an ingredient in formulations within Ayurveda and other traditional medicine systems. These formulations are believed to have therapeutic benefits for various health conditions. It's important to note that while garlic may aid in the purification of mercury, the properties of the resulting purified mercury could differ from its original form. As you mentioned, it's possible that the purified mercury, known as Sodhit Parada may have altered solubility characteristics in the gastrointestinal tract due to interactions with digestive enzymes, changes in pH, & complexion with other biomolecules. This could affect its bioavailability & therapeutic effects. Sodhana of Gandhaka After the completion of the Gandhaka Sodhana process (the purification of Sulphur), it is observed that some loss occurs. This loss could be attributed to the filtration of molten Sulphur, as well as the removal of various impurities, including fat-soluble and watersoluble substances, and physical impurities. Powdering Sulphur is mentioned as a step in the purification process. This is done to increase the surface area, which facilitates quicker melting of Sulphur. After purification, the Sulphur changes from a crystalline to an amorphous nature. This transformation is attributed to the repeated heating, melting, and sudden cooling process. It's suggested that this amorphous state may be helpful in dissolving impurities present in Sulphur. The color of Sulphur changes from dark yellow to bright yellow with each repetition of the purification process, indicating the removal of impurities. Heating before melting is mentioned as a step that aids in the removal of some impurities through the oxidation process. Sulphur is purified with Ghrita (clarified butter) and milk, both of which have Madhura Rasa (sweet taste) and are considered Jeevaniya Dravya (rejuvenating substances). This purification process is believed to remove Visha Dosha (toxicity) from Sulphur and incorporate unctuous (unctuous or oily) properties into it, potentially helping to dissolve fat-soluble impurities. Sulphur is a constituent of proteins, including amino acids like Cysteine, & Methionine. It's involved in the formation of bile acids for fat digestion and absorption, cellular oxygen utilization, and detoxification mechanisms in the body. Preparation of Kajjali Kajjali is prepared by using 380 grams of Shuddha Parada and 380 grams of Shuddha Gandhaka . The two ingredients are triturated (ground or rubbed together) for 37 hours to achieve specific characteristics known as "Siddhi Lakshanas," which may include attributes like Nischandra (shiny) and Varitara (soft). It's noted that the trituration process may require slow and firm grinding to attain these desired characteristics. Some loss may occur during the trituration process, which could be due to dusting of Kajjali . This suggests that a careful & controlled process is necessary to minimize loss. Through the trituration process, Parada,

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Satyam Bhargava et al. A Pharmaceutical Study on Panchanan Rasa ISSN: 2456-3110 ORIGINAL ARTICLE August 2024 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | August 2024 | Vol. 9 | Issue 8 28 Gandhaka , and other metals & minerals present in the ingredients are converted into a very fine, soft powder, similar to Anjana (Collyrium). Kajjali is believed to have the potential to cure various diseases when used properly in combination with other metals or herbs. It's considered the first Murchana (grinding or trituration) of Parada and involves a specific Bandha or bonding process. Kajjali therapeutic impact is suggested to be multidimensional & could involve various mechanisms, including scavenging of free radicals (antioxidant activity), antimicrobial properties, reactivity with other substances, pro-enzymatic effects, or modulation of the immune system. Preparation of Panchanan Rasa Kajjali was prepared using equal proportion of Shuddha Parada and Shuddha Gandhaka according to the reference of Rasa Tarangini . The formed Kajjali 200 gm was then triturated with decoction of Amlaki, Yashthimadhu, Draksha, and Kharjura 50 ml each was given per day respectively, Mardana was continued till the formulation got dried up then it was dried in shade completely and kept in air tight glass bottle. CONCLUSION Panchanan Rasa is a Kharaliya Rasayan drug indicated for Hridya Roga , to be taken with Amla Churna, Sarkara Churna , and water. Based on the study and the data related to time, observations, and results, we can understand the significant effort and time required to formulate a quality Ayurveda herbo-mineral product in Rasa Shastra and to develop the corresponding pharmaceutical procedures. The data from this study can be used to establish a standard operating procedure for the development of Panchanan Rasa in the future, as well as to initiate clinical trials. Acknowledgement I am very thankful to late Dr Anil Nagle Sir (HOD) Dept. of Rasa Shastra Evam Bhaishajya Kalpana, my guide, Dr. R K Pati sir for providing the necessary guidance & facilities for the conduct of this research work. REFERENCES 1 Dattatrey Anant Kulkarni, Ras Ratna Sammuchya, Print 1939, Jaya Krishna Das Gupta, Vidya Vilas Press, Benares City. 2 Shastri Kashinath, Rasatarangini , 11 th Edition, New Delhi, Motilal Banarasi Das 2004: Page No. 79, 5/27-30. 3 Shastri Kashinath, Rasatarangini , 11 th Edition, New Delhi, Motilal Banarasi Das 2004: Page No.176, 8/7-12. 4 Shastri Kashinath, Rasatarangini , 11 th Edition, New Delhi, Motilal Banarasi Das 2004: Page No.16, 2/27-30. 5 Acharya Sharangdhar, Sharangdhar Samhita, Jeevanprada Hindi Commentary By Dr. Shailja Shrivastava, Reprint 2011, Chaukambha Orientalia, Varanasi, Madhyam Khand 2/1-2, Page-135. ******************************* How to cite this article: Satyam Bhargava, Vivek Awasthi, Omvir Singh. A Pharmaceutical Study on Panchanan Rasa. J Ayurveda Integr Med Sci 2024;8:20- 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.21760/jaims.9.8.3 Source of Support: Nil, Conflict of Interest: None declared. Copyright © 2024 The Author(s); Published by Maharshi Charaka Ayurveda Organization, Vijayapur (Regd). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and perform the work and make derivative works based on it only for non-commercial purposes, provided the original work is properly cited

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Rasashastra, Goghrita, Godugdha, Madhurarasa, Shuddhaparada, Shuddhagandhaka, Saindhavalavana, Vishadosha, Hot water, Siddhilakshana, Therapeutic effect, Anjana (collyrium), Purified mercury, Herbal medicine, Immune system, Clinical trial, Antimicrobial properties, Gandhaka Shodhana, Kajjali Preparation, Shodhita Parada, Shodhita Gandhaka, Herbo-mineral drug, Raw material, Shodhana of Parada, Trituration process, Hridya Roga, Therapeutic impact, Amorphous nature, Scavenging of free radicals, Quick Response Code, Equal proportion, AFI, Amla Churna, Bright yellow.