Rutucharya - A brief postulation of Grishma Rutucharya (Summer Regimen)

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[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Ganesh, Vinayak, Dashrath, Swami, Amit, April, Kala, Ritu]

REVIEW ARTICLE April 2024 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | April 2024 | Vol. 9 | Issue 4 192 Rutucharya - A brief postulation of Grishma Rutucharya (Summer Regimen) Vinayak Dashrath Munde 1 , Amit Hanmant Shinagare 2 , Ganesh Vitthal Lokhande 3 1 Associate Professor, Department of Swasthavritta, Swami Vivekanand Ayurvedic Medical College and Research Center, Parahon, Shrigonda, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India. 2 Assistant Professor, Department of Swasthavritta, G.S. Gune Ayurveda College, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India. 3 Assistant Professor, Department of Shalyatantra, G.S. Gune Ayurveda College, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India. I NTRODUCTION Ayurveda, the age old science of life, has always emphasized to maintain the health and prevent the diseases by following proper diet and lifestyle regimen rather than treatment and cure of the diseases. With the change in season, the change is very evident in the environment we live in. We see various changes in bio-life around us, such as flowering in spring and leaf-shedding in autumn in the plants, hibernation of many animals with the coming of winter, and so on. As Address for correspondence: Dr. Amit Hanmant Shinagare Assistant Professor, Department of Swasthavritta, G.S. Gune Ayurveda College, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India. E-mail: dramitshingare@gmail.com Submission Date: 16/02/2024 Accepted Date: 27/03/2024 Access this article online Quick Response Code Website: www.jaims.in DOI: 10.21760/jaims.9.4.30 human being is also part of the same ecology, the body is greatly influenced by external environment. Many of the exogenous and endogenous rhythm have specific phase relationship with each other; which means that they interact and synchronize each other. If body is unable to adopt itself to stressors due to changes in specific traits of seasons, it may lead to Dosha Vaishamya (disturbed equilibrium), which in turn may render the body highly susceptible to one or other kinds of disorders [1] As adaptations according to the changes, is the key for survival, the knowledge of Ritucharya (regimen for various seasons) is thus important. Kala (Time) referred to Ritu (season) in Ayurveda with the change in season, the difference in the environment is undeniable [2] Thus, Ritucharya talks about Ahara and Vihara according to seasons to maintain the equilibrium state of health. A IM AND O BJECTIVES Aim To highlight Grishma Rutucharya (Summer Seasonal Regimen) according to Ayurveda A B S T R A C T Ritu, the season, classified by different features expresses different effects on the body as well as the environment. Ayurveda has depicted various rules and regimens ( Charya ), regarding diet and behaviour to acclimatize seasonal enforcement easily without altering body homeostasis. The prime principle of Ayurvedic system of medicine is preventive aspect, can be achieved by the change in diet and practices in response to change in climatic condition. This is a very important aspect of preventive medicine as mentioned in Ayurvedic texts. The basic principle followed in the Ayurvedic system of medicine is Swasthyashya Swasthya Rakshanam , which means to maintain the health of the healthy, rather than Aturashya Vikara Prashamanancha , means to cure the diseases of the diseased. For this purpose the Dinacharya (daily regimen) and Ritucharya (seasonal regimen) have been mentioned in the classics of Ayurveda. Key words: Grishma Ritu, Seasonal Regimens, Ritu, Rutucharya, Dincharya

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[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Bala, Trees, Guna, Varsha, Soumya, Pushpa, Sun, Rasa, Rain, Moon, Red, Hemanta]

Vinayak Dashrath Munde et al. Rutucharya - A brief postulation of Grishma Rutucharya ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE April 2024 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | April 2024 | Vol. 9 | Issue 4 193 Objectives 1 To make awareness to the readers regarding importance of following Ayurvedic Rutucharya . 2 To create awareness to readers about different seasonal regimens mentioned in Ayurveda M ETHODOLOGY Classification of Rutu (Seasons) The environmental factors include the nature of the land, water and various atmospheric phenomena, including temperature, humidity, wind, rain, clouds, and atmospheric pressure. All these environmental factors undergo a continuous change and at a time, no two moments are exactly alike in a given place. Thus, with the rising Sun the temperature keeps on rising and gradually drops at night. The maximum and minimum temperature fluctuates daily but it is highest in summer and lowest in winter. Similarly, all these factors show diurnal as well as seasonal variations and these variations for a particular time are known as season [3] A year consists of six seasons, namely Shishira (winter), Vasanta (spring), and Grishma (summer), Varsha (monsoon), Sharada (autumn), and Hemanta (late autumn). As Ayurveda has its origin in India, the above seasonal changes are observed predominantly in Indian subcontinent. The year is divided into two Ayana (Part) according to Ayurveda depending on the direction of movement of Sun that is Uttarayana (North direction) and Dakshinayana (South direction). Each Ayana (Part) is formed of three Ritus (seasons). Uttarayana (North direction) is also called as Adanakala . Adanakala consists of 3 Ritus that is Shishira (Winter) , Vasanta (Spring) , Greeshma (Summer). In this Ritu (season) Sun and Wind become very strong and dry, due to this it will take the Soumya Guna (Softness) of earth and strength of the person also becomes significantly less [4] Dakshinayana (South direction) is also called Visargakala, and it consists of Varsha (monsoon), Sharad (autumn), and Hemantha Ritu (late autumn). In this Ritu (season) moon is more powerful than Sun, and the Earth is cooled off because of the influence of the Ritu (season). In Dakshinayana (South direction) strength of the person gradually increases. As per modern science, the four seasons occur because of the tilt of the Earth's axis. Different parts of Earth receive the Sun's direct rays throughout the year. So, when the North Pole tilts toward the Sun, it's summer in the Northern Hemisphere and when the South Pole tilts toward the Sun, it's winter in the Northern Hemisphere. Grishma Rutucharya (Summer Regimen) Characteristics of the Rutu (Season) In General, Mid-May to mid-July (approximately) is considered as Grishma (summer) season. Environment is prevalent with intense heat and unhealthy wind. The river-bodies dried and the plants appear lifeless. The predominant Rasa is Katu (pungent) and Mahabhuta (elements) are Agni (fire) and Vayu (wind). The strength of the person become less, deposition of Vata Dosha (humour) occurs, but the vitiated Kapha Dosha (humour) is pacified during this season. Agni (fire) of the person remains in mild state. Sun appears like Atasi Pushpa (red) and dries up the water reservoir. Trees shed their leaves, and there is no greenery around. All living creatures search for water bodies to quench their thirst. Changes in the Body Because of excessive heat from the Sun, it will dry up the moisture present in the environment. It dries up the Jaleeya Tatva in the body, which leads to depletion of the Kapha (moistness) and an increase of Vata (dryness) in the body. As Shleshma (Kapha) is considered Bala (strength) 6, lack of Kapha leads to the decrease in the Deha Bala (strength). Agni (fire) of the person will remain in mild state [5] Hitakar Ahar (Compatible diet) Diet regimen Foods which are light to digest - those having Madhura (sweet), Snigdha (unctuous), Sheeta (cold), and Drava (liquid) Guna , such as rice, lentil, etc, are to be taken. There is a loss of Jaleeya Amsha (body fluids) in the body, so in this Ritu , more Drava Yukta (liquid) Ahara (diet) should be consumed. Drinking

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[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Chandana, Candy, Long, Guru, Good]

Vinayak Dashrath Munde et al. Rutucharya - A brief postulation of Grishma Rutucharya ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE April 2024 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | April 2024 | Vol. 9 | Issue 4 194 plenty of water and other liquids, such as cold water, buttermilk, fruit juices, meat soups, mango juice, churned curd with pepper, is to be practiced. At bedtime milk with sugar candy is to be taken. Ahitkara Ahar (Non compatible diet) Do not consume the food which is having Katu (spicy), Lavana (salt) and Amla (sour ) Rasa . Even though Ayurveda explains the consumption of Shadrasayukta (all the 6 Rasa ) Ahara , but according to Ritu (season), we have to balance the intake of Rasa . The intake of sour curd is to be avoided as it is Guru (heavy) and Abhishyandi ; it will delay the digestion process and block the Rasavaha Strotas [6] Hitakar Vihar (Compatible routine) As, in this Ritu (season) as strength is significantly less Vyayama (exercise) is not indicated, but it can be done occasionally and one should not expose much to the sunlight [7] Divaswapna (day sleep) is indicated in Greeshma Ritu (summer season) as the day is long and night is short and one should sleep in a house cooled by a water fountain. At night one should rest on the terrace having good moonlight. The body should be anointed with Lepa (paste) of Chandana (sandalwood) [7] DISCUSSION In Ayurveda, the knowledge of Ritucharya is a firsthand guide to the concept of Kriya-Kala , which describes the modes and stages of the development of diseases, with regard to the state of different Doshas - Vata, Pitta , and Kapha in accordance with the changes of time. A good understanding of it is very much essential for early diagnosis and prognosis for adopting preventive and curative measures. It is to be known that disharmony in the Doshas - Vata, Pitta and Kapha results in Roga (disease). With changes in diet and lifestyle, there are changes in the state of Tridosha , which is bound to affect us, resulting disharmony, causing lifestyle diseases. Ritu acts as Vyanjaka or Nimittakarana in the aggravation and manifestation of disease. Madhura Rasa , and Snigda Pradhana Ahara Sevana is mentioned as it is Vatahara, and it enhances the Kapha Dosa . Sheeta Guna Ahara Sevana helps combat the extreme heat, as in this Ritu Jataragni (digestive fire) is mild Laghu Ahara (light for digestion) should be consumed. Even though Ayurveda talks about Shadrasa Yukta Ahara Sevana but by Yukti , we must balance the Dosha by consuming suitable Rasa . It is mentioned that Vyayama (exercise) is to be done half of the strength, as Bala (strength) of person is significantly less; Vyayama is not indicated in this Ritu . Diwaswapna (day sleep) is indicated in Greeshma Ritu as it helps to retain the Bala in this Ritu . Manidharana or Ratnadharana helps to give a coolant effect to the body due to its Prabhava (effect). Fragrant flowers and Chandanadi Lepa will avoid the foul odour due to sweat and benefits skin ailment during this season. Peoples’ diet changed substantially in the second half of 20 th century, generally with increased consumption of meat, dairy products, vegetable oils, fruit juice, and alcoholic beverages, and decreased consumption of starchy staple foods, such as bread, potatoes, rice, and maize flour. Already considered the diabetes capital of the world, India now appears headed towards gaining another dubious distinction of becoming the lifestylerelated disease capital as well. With global warming and variation in the advent of season, it can surely be a query, of the importance of Ritucharya in the present scenario. CONCLUSION Acharya mentions that following Pathya Aharas under the Ritus is easy to attain Swasthya Avastha . The diseases which will occur in the future will be due to the Apathya Aharas . These will result in disharmony among dosha and ultimately produce conditions that can become tough to cure. Thus, for preventing this understanding, Ritucharya and diet play a crucial role. Therefore, one should analyze their Prakriti and adopt a regimen under Ritu . As changes occurring within the atmosphere affect our body conjointly successively, resulting in diseases, our body needs to urge accustomed to these changes. Thus, it becomes vital to adopt these regimens mentioned under each Ritucharya . We can simply attain our primary and most

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[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Anna, Ayu, Hari, Nil, Med, Prakashan, Mallika]

Vinayak Dashrath Munde et al. Rutucharya - A brief postulation of Grishma Rutucharya ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE April 2024 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | April 2024 | Vol. 9 | Issue 4 195 significant goal, Swasthasya Rakshanam . To be Swasthya both physically and mentally. REFERENCES 1 Mallika KJ. Critical study of Swastha-Catuska w.s.r. to Biophysical and Biochemical changes in Rtusandhi. MD (Ayu) Thesis. Jamnagar: Gujarat Ayurved University; 2002. [Google Scholar] 2 Sushruta Samhita Sutra: Revised commentary of Dalhana Edited by Yadavji Trikamji Acharya. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Surbharati Prakashan; Reprint 2014. 3 Jangid C, Vyas HA, Dwivedi RR. Concept of Ritus and their effect on Bala. AYU Int Res J Ayurveda. 2009;30:11 – 5. [Google Scholar] 4 Vagbhatacharya. Ashtanga Hridayam: with commentaries of Arunadatta and Hemadri. Edited by Dr Anna Moreshwar Kunte, Pandit Krishnashastri Navare, Pandit Hari Sadashiva Shastri Paradakara. 6 th edition. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthan Prakashan; Cha 3 rd shloka 25 5 Agnivesha. Charaka Samhita: Revised by Charaka and Dridhabala with the Ayurveda Dipika commentary of Chakrapani Datta. Edited by Yadavji Trikamji Acharya. 3 rd edition. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Surbharati Prakashan; Reprint 2008 6 Vagbhatacharya. Ashtanga Hridaya: with commentaries of Arunadatta and Hemadri. Edited by Dr Anna Moreshwar Kunte, Pandit Krishnashastri Navare, Pandit Hari Sadashiva Shastri Paradakara. 6 th edition. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthan Prakashan; Cha 3 rd shloka 26-27 7 Vagbhatacharya. Ashtanga Hridaya: with commentaries of Arunadatta and Hemadri. Edited by Dr Anna Moreshwar Kunte, Pandit Krishnashastri Navare, Pandit Hari Sadashiva Shastri Paradakara. 6 th edition. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthan Prakashan; Cha 3 rd shloka 26-2 ******************************* How to cite this article: Vinayak Dashrath Munde, Amit Hanmant Shinagare, Ganesh Vitthal Lokhande. Rutucharya - A brief postulation of Grishma Rutucharya (Summer Regimen). J Ayurveda Integr Med Sci 2024;4:192-195. http://dx.doi.org/10.21760/jaims.9.4.30 Source of Support: Nil, Conflict of Interest: None declared. Copyright © 2024 The Author(s); Published by Maharshi Charaka Ayurveda Organization, Vijayapur (Regd). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and perform the work and make derivative works based on it only for non-commercial purposes, provided the original work is properly cited

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