Scientific applicability in day-to-day practice on Granthokta Sutika Paricharya

[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Jitesh, Shri, Shree, Kumar, Krishna, Main, Kala, Good]

REVIEW ARTICLE December 2023 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | December 2023 | Vol. 8 | Issue 12 119 Scientific applicability in day-to-day practice on Granthokta Sutika Paricharya Lalita 1 , Jitesh Kumar Panda 2 , Suniti Tanwar 3 1 Post Graduate Scholar, Department of Prasuti Tantra and Stree Roga, Shree Krishna Government Ayurvedic College and Hospital, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India. 2 Professor and HOD, Department of Prasuti Tantra and Stree Roga, Shree Krishna Government Ayurvedic College and Hospital, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India. 3 Associate Professor, Department of Prasuti Tantra and Stree Roga, Shree Krishna Government Ayurvedic College and Hospital, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India. I NTRODUCTION Bringing out a new life into this world is one of the most crucial milestones in women’s life and Ayurveda suggests particular protocol to be followed during postnatal period ( Sutika Kala ), so postnatal care of mother is as important as prenatal. Sutika Paricharya is Address for correspondence: Dr. Lalita Post Graduate Scholar, Department of Prasuti Tantra and Stree Roga, Shree Krishna Government Ayurvedic College and Hospital, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India. E-mail: lalitarwt 123@gmail.com Submission Date: 14/10/2023 Accepted Date: 23/11/2023 Access this article online Quick Response Code Website: www.jaims.in DOI: 10.21760/jaims.8.12.18 not only about healthy diet and regimen but also about the concept of physiological and psychic state, and necessary medication during Sutika Kala . It ultimately leads to Agnisandhukshan, Vatashamana, Garbhaashaya Shodhana, Yoni-Samrakshan, Kumarabharana with good breast care , Stanya Pravartan and Stanya Pushti . Scientific application of Sutika Paricharya during puerperium phase results in healthy women which is a root cause of healthy progeny, so health of Sutika must be maintained by following Sutika Paricharya as diseases of Sutika are very difficult to treat [3] A IM AND O BJECTIVES To explain the scientific applicability of Sutika Paricharya in day-today practice for women’s health M ATERIALS AND M ETHODS Material related to this article has been collected from different Ayurvedic Samhita and Authentic literatures. A B S T R A C T Being a mother is most challenging and most rewarding position a woman ever holds, so motherhood is wonderful at the same time its hardest phase for woman. Giving birth to a new life is a beautiful moment a women will cherish forever. But after the delivery, mothers body encounters many physical and psychological changes which may lead to the generalized weakness and backache etc., if proper postnatal care is not taken. Mother needs to recover and heal from the physical and emotional distress experienced during the delivery. So, proper care in postnatal period is essential. Ayurveda classics emphasize on both prenatal and postnatal care of the mother. There is detailed description of postnatal period and care known as Sutika Kala and Paricharaya respectively. After the childbirth when placenta is expelled out then women is termed as Sutika [1] and Paricharya means following the diet, regimen and medicines ( Aahara, Vihara and Aushadha ) during the Sutika Kala (postnatal period). According to Acharyas, Mithyaachrana during Sutika Kala may result in incurable disease, so extreme care must be taken during this period [2] The main prospective of the Sutika Paricharya is to retrieve the strength and vitality of the mother’s body same as non-pregnant state along with stabilization of the physiological and psychological health. It also improves the quality and quantity of breast milk of mother. In present time due to changing lifestyles and food habits Sutika Paricharya can be a solution to many problems faced due to Mithyaachrana during the Sutika Kala. Key words: Sutika, Sutika Kala, Sutika Paricharya, postnatal period.

[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Bala, Rasa, Sneha]

Lalita et al. Scientific applicability in day-to-day practice on Granthokta Sutika Paricharya ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE December 2023 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | December 2023 | Vol. 8 | Issue 12 120 Importance of Sutika Paricharya एवं हि गर्भवृद्धि क्षद्धित शिथिल सवभिरीर धातुप्रवािण वेदनाक्लेदरक्तननस्स्रुतद्धविेषिून्यिरीराच्च िुननभवीर्वनत ॥ ( अ०सं०िा०३ / ३१ ) Sutika Kala (Duration of Puerperium) Table 1: Sutika Kala as per different Acharyas SN Text Sutika Kala 1. Charaka Samhita Not specified 2. Sushruta Samhita 45 days 3. Ashtanga Hridaya 45 days 4. Ashtanga Samgraha 45 days 5. Kashyapa Samhita 6 months Sutika Paricharya Major principles of Sutika Paricharya as discussed earlier are following: ▪ Shamana of Vata Dosha . ▪ Agni Sandhukshana . ▪ Raktavardhana. ▪ Dhatuposhana. ▪ Garbhaashaya Shodhana. ▪ Yoni Samrakshana. ▪ Kumarabharana with good breast care. ▪ Stanya Pravartana and Stanya Poshana. Sutika Paricharya is broadly divide into following: 1. Samanya Paricharya 2. Vishesh Paricharya Samanya Paricharya 1 Wearing amulet of Trivrita over head [4] : It is sort of psychological support to Sutika. Thus, may protect her from harmful things. 2 Prasuta Snana : As per the rituals of family the bathing ceremony of puerperal women should be performed on auspicious period of 10 th or 12 th day. Text Charaka Samhita [5] Days Ahara Vihara 5-7 day 8-11 day 1)Snehapana 2)Yavagupana (Pippalyadi Dravyas ) Appyayan & Swasthavrittapalana ✓ Abhyanga ✓ Parisheka-Ubhyatakala ✓ Udaravestana Text Sushrut Samhita [6] 2- 3 days 3 or 4-6 or 7 day 8 day 1)Vatahara Aushadhadravya Kwathapana 2)Ushnagudodaka with Pippalydi Dravya 1)Snehayavagu/Ksheer ayavagu with Vidarigana Dravyas 1) Jangalmamsa Rasa 2) Yava, Kola, Kulatha Yusha 3) Shaliodanabhojana ✓ Sarvadaihika Bala Taila Abhyanga ✓ Parisheka with Vatahara -Bhadra- Darvyadidravyas Text Ashtanga Samgraha [7] 3/5/7 days 8-12 days After 12 days 1)Snehayogya- Snehapana with Panchakolachurna with Saindhava 2)Sneha Ayogya- Vatahara/Laghupanch amoola Kwathapana 3)Ksheerayavagupana- Vidaryadiganasiddh 1) Yava, Kola, Kulatha Yusha 2) Laghuannapana 1) Jangalmamsa Rasa 2) Jeevaniya, Brihmaniya, Madhura, Vataharadravyasadhit Annapana ✓ Sarvadaihika Bala Taila Abhyanga ✓ Sthanika Udara Abhyanga- Grita/Taila ✓ Udarvesthana ✓ Ushnodaka Parisheka- Ubhayat ✓ Acchadana ✓ Avagahana Text Ashtanga Hridaya [8] 2-3 days 1)Snehayogya- Snehapana- Mahatimatra with Panchakolachurna ✓ Yoniabhyanga & Sarvadaihika Abhyanga

[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Mon, Ana]

Lalita et al. Scientific applicability in day-to-day practice on Granthokta Sutika Paricharya ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE December 2023 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | December 2023 | Vol. 8 | Issue 12 121 4- 7 days 8- 12 da y >12 d ay 2)Ushnagudodaka with Panchakolachurna / Vataharaaushadhitoya pana 3)Snehaayogya- without Sneha above Dravyas 4) Peya – Purvoktadravyas 1)Sneha Yavagu/ Ksheera Yavagu Jeevaniya, Brihmaniya, Madhuravarga Siddha Hriddyaannapana Mamsa Rasa ✓ Sthanika Udara Abhyanga - Ghrita/Taila ✓ Udaravestana ✓ Udvartana ✓ Parisheka ✓ Avagaha Text Kashyap Samhita [9] 3- 5 days 5- 7 days 7- 12 da ys 12 da ys 1 mon th 1)Mandapana 2)Hitabhojana 3)Snehapana 4)Snehayuktayavagup ana-Pippali, Nagara- Lavanarahita Yavagu Snehayuktayavagupan a- with Lavana 1) Kulathayusha 2) Jangalamamsa Rasa 3) Grithabharjitashaka Snehana, Swedana, Ushnajalasevana ✓ Rakshoghna Dravya ✓ Ashwasana ✓ Kukshi, Pristha, Parshwaabhyangasam vahana in Nyubjashayana ✓ Udarapidana ✓ Udaravesthana ✓ Ushnabalatailapuritach armasana ✓ Yoniswedana with Priyangu etc ✓ Ushnodakasnana ✓ Vishranti ✓ Dhupana- Kustha, Guggulu etc. Text Harita Samhita [10] After Prasa va 1 st day 2 nd day 3 rd day Kwathapana - Lodhra, Arjunadidravya Upavas 1) Guda, Nagar, Haritakisevana 2) Ushnakulathayushasev ana Panchakola Yavagupana ✓ Yoni Apurana ✓ Abhyanga ✓ Usnajalaswedana ✓ Mangalavachana ✓ Yosharthapradarshana 4 th day Chaturjatamishrita Yavagupana Vishistha Paricharya [11] On the basis of types of Desha Desha Ahara Vihara Anupa Desha 1) Mandaprayoga with Agni-Balavardhaka Dravya 2)Ushna Dravya Sevana Swedana Nivata Shayana Jangala Desha 3 - 5 days 1) Snehopachara 1) Snehopachara Sadharana Desha Neither too Sneha Nor Ruksha Dravyas Videsha Jati Rakta, Mamsaniryuha, Kandamoola, Phala On the basis of gender of the newborn Day Sex Pathya 5-7 days Male Tailapana Deepaniya Aushadhi Samsakrita Yavagupana 5-6 days Female Ghritapana Deepaniya Aushadhi Samsakrita Yavagupana Later Mandadi Prayoga Pathya 1 Sutika must follow a healthy diet and treatment program. The diet should include Garbhashaya Shodhaka, Stanyavardhaka, Stanyajanana, Vatahara Dravya . 2 Consuming Mamsa Rasa and Brimhana Dravya along with Jeevaniya, Brimhaniya or Madhura Dravya can act as Dhatuvardhaka and help maintain proper lactation. 3 Sutika drink and bathe in warm water 4 Adequate sleep is essential. 5 Abhyanga should be done with Sukhoshna Taila

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Lalita et al. Scientific applicability in day-to-day practice on Granthokta Sutika Paricharya ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE December 2023 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | December 2023 | Vol. 8 | Issue 12 122 6. Parisheka, Avagahana etc. always with Sukhoshna Jala. 7 Udaravesthana should be done. 8 Pelvic floor exercise (kegals exercise). 9 Yava, Kola Laghu Annapaana is recommended after 5 days, this form of food helps to replenish Dhatu. Apathya 1 Excess exercise 2 Sexual intercourse 3 Mental & Physical stress 4 Cold water, Cold wind & Cold things etc. 5 Anger, Fear, Depression 6 Diwaswapna and Aatapasevana DISCUSSION Abhyanga: Sarvadaihika, Sthanika (Udara or Yoni), Ghrita, or Taila, particularly Bala Taila with Vatasanshamaka, Rasayana, and Shramahara qualities. Abhyanga relaxes muscle spasms and tones the pelvic floor, back, and abdominal muscles. Because it increases circulation, it also aids in the healing process following soft tissue injuries. enhances red blood cell production, enhances digestion, and guards against anaemia. By dilating superficial blood arteries, it enhances venous blood flow and reduces thrombosis through friction and rubbing. The lower back abhyanga facilitates the appropriate drainage of the lochia. Yoni Abhyanga relieves pain, cures vaginal and perineal lesions, tones up the vagina and perineum, and stops laxity and prolapse [12] Avagaha & Parisheka : [13] The act of pouring hot water into a stream is called Parisheka ; it is a Vatakaphahara, Vedanahara, Agnideepti, Twakaprasannata , and Srotoniramalata . This helps to relieve Vata Dosha and remove aberrant blood clots that have developed in the uterine cavity following the delivery of Garbha . Udaraveshtana (Pattabandana ): After bathing, the abdomen should be securely wrapped with a long cotton fabric to fill the hollow area left by the ejection of the fetus. It gives the abdomen and back support. It mostly aids in the uterus's return to normal size. Additionally aids in postpartum back straightening, which enhances posture [14] Yonidhupana: By Yonipindana patients have their vagina entirely covered, which limits the entry of Vata and shields the vagina from a variety of infections. The hypoestrogenic state lowers the vaginal defences and makes the patient more susceptible to infection . So Dhupana drugs used are Kushta, Agru, Guggulu Etc. Have Jantughna, Kandughna, Shothahara, Vranashodhana, Ropana properties [15] Dhupana will keep perineum hygienic and episiotomy healthy also hastens its healing process. Mechanism of action of Aahara and Ausadha Snehapana: Sutika receives a mixture of Sneha and Dravyas such as Pippali, Pippalimoola, Chavya, Chitraka, Shrungavera, Yavani and Upakunchika . These are advised based on Sutika's Prakruti, Agni, Kala and Desha. Agnideepana and Amapachana are the qualities of these Dravyas. These Dravyas serve as an appetizer and aid in Sneha digestion [16] Ghrita is Vata Pitta Shamaka, Balya, Rasayan, Agnideepak, Raktavikaranashak, and Yogavahi . Garbhashaya Shodhana: To help the uterus expel Dushta Shonita , medications such as Panchakola are used along with heated jaggery water. These medications, which have the qualities of Garbhashayashodhaka and Garbhashayasankochak, eliminate Dushtashonita , restore normalcy to the lochial discharge, and facilitate healthy uterine involution. Snehayavagu or Ksheerayavagu: Yavagupana in the shape of Manda, Peya with Sneha or Kwatha stimulates the Agni ; it is Grahi , Laghu in nature, with Dhatuposhana, Tarpana characteristics, easily digestive & absorbable; it also lessens thirst, keeping the body in a state of healthy [17] Yusha: Yusha is given to Sutika , which is made of Kulatha, Kola, and Yava . It is high in protein and semisolid. It functions as a Pusti Sukhaprasadana, Agnideepaka, Balya and Swedajanana. [18]

[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Sharma, Gupta, Nirmala]

Lalita et al. Scientific applicability in day-to-day practice on Granthokta Sutika Paricharya ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE December 2023 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | December 2023 | Vol. 8 | Issue 12 123 Mamsa Rasa: Protein, iron, vitamins, vital amino acids, and trace elements are all abundant in meat. Madhura and Brimhaniya Dravya are anabolic herbs that support galactogenesis, improve the qualities of breast milk, and assist the mother's system recuperate from the stress and strain of childbirth [19] Assuming that Pippali, Pippalimula, Chavya, Chitraka, and Shringavera are Ushna, Teekshna, Deepana, Pachana, Shoolaghna and Kaphavatashamaka, they aid in lowering Agnimandya and Shoola in Sutika . Additionally, it benefits Prakrityonigataraktasrava . Due to the Shonitasangha Bhedana qualities of these medications, Yonigatasrava returns to normal, resulting in Garbhashayashuddhi. Pippali and Pippalimula have antibacterial action as well as antiinflammatory properties. Additionally, it helps the relaxed organs recover quickly after delivery [22] Chavya has rejuvenating qualities and is a blood purifier and liver stimulant. Chitraka is a digestive aid, appetizer, anti-helminthic, induces contractions in the uterus, and treats diseases related to childbirth. It is well known that Sunthi promotes digestion. It possesses antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties . Kola is a good source of vitamin A, calcium, and phosphorus. It possesses anti-inflammatory, wound-healing, and antioxidant qualities. Kulatha is a very good resource CONCLUSION Sutika Paricharya comprises appropriate handling of Aahara and Aachara for the sake of the Stree's Punarnaveekarana following her Prasava . According to Sutika Paricharya , the lady became weak and emaciated as a result of the growing fetus. She also had an empty body as a result of labor pains, the excretion of Kleda and Rakta during the Prasava , and the instability of all the Dhatus during the Garbhavastha. The meals and routines that the Acharyas outlined for puerperal ladies thousands of years ago in the Sutika Paricharya are entirely scientific. Sutika Paricharya therefore leads to puerperal women's Punarnaveekarana, Dhatu-Paripurnata, Stanya- Vriddhi and Garbhashaya Shuddhi. REFERENCES 1 Hemaraj Sharma. Kashyapa Samhita Sanskrit introduction. Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthan, Varanasi; 10 th edition, 2005; pg-305. 2 Atridev Gupta. Asthanga Sangraha of Vagbhata, edited. Krishnadas Academy, Varanasi; Vol 1 reprinted, edi- 2005; pg-288. 3 Bramhananda Tripati. Charaka Samhita of Agnivesha. Chaukambha Surbharati Prakashana, Varanasi, 2013; Vol 1; pg 952. 4 Satyapala Bhigacharya. Kashyapa Samhita Of Vriddha Jeevaka. Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthan, Varanasi; edition-1994; Khilasthana chapter 10, 4 th edition; pg- 181. 5 Yadavaji Trikamaji. Charaka Samhita of Agnivesha, revised. Chaukhambha Orientalia, 5 th edition, 2001; pg- 348. 6 Yadavaji Trikamaji. Sushruta Samhita of Sushruta. Chaukhambha Orientalia, 8 th edition, 2005; pg-389. 7 Kashinath Shastri. Asthanga Sangraha Of Vagbhata. Chaukhambha Orientalia, 9 th edition, 2005; pg-376. 8 P.V.Tiwari. Ayurvediya Prasutitantra & Streeroga, Prasutitantra First-Part. Chaukhambha Sanskrit Samsthan, 2003; pg-549. 9 Hemaraj Sharma. Kashyapa Samhita. Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthan, 10 th edition, 2005; pg-306. 10 Acharya Ramavalamba Shastri. Harita Samhita with Nirmala Hindi Commentary. Prachya prakashana, Varanasi, 1985; 1 st edition; pg-104. 11 Hemaraj Sharma. Kashyapa Samhita. Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthan, 10 th edition, 2005; pg-307. 12 All Things Healing. Ayurveda Massage and Postnatal care. Available from: http://www.allthingshealing.com/MartialArts/Abhyang a-Ayurveda_Massage-and-Postnatal-care/12173# 13 Yadavji Trikamji. Susruta Samhita. Chaukhambha Orientalia; 5 th edition, 1992; pg-389. 14 Ayurveda. Udaravestana-www.ayurvedalive.in>postdelivery mother care for 1 st week- Ayurveda [Accessed: [Date]]. 15 Yadavji Trikamji. Susruta Samhita of Sushruta. Chaukhambha Orientalia; 5 th edition, 1992; pg-18.

[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Eng, Srinivasa, Singh, Jamil, Ram, Poonam, Anjali, Reddy, Amit, Nil, Med, Mishra]

Lalita et al. Scientific applicability in day-to-day practice on Granthokta Sutika Paricharya ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE December 2023 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | December 2023 | Vol. 8 | Issue 12 124 16 Misra Brahmasankara, Vaisya Rupalalaji. Bhavaprakasha Samhita. Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthan; 8 th edition, 1993; Haritakyadivarga 72; pg-24. 17 Wikipedia. Milk. 2013. Available from: http://En.Wikipedia.Org/Wiki/Milk/;2013 27 18 Hemaraj Sharma. Kashyapa Samhita. Chaukambha Sanskrit Samsthan, 10 th edition, 2005; pg 250. 19 Pandit Parusharam Shastri Vidyasagar. Sharangadhara Samhita. Chaukhambha Orientalia, 2005; pg-165. 20 Kumar A, Panghal S, Mallapur SS, Kumar M, Veerma Ram, Singh BK. Anti-inflammatory activity of Piper longum. Indian J Pharm Sci. 2009;71(4):pg-454-456. 21 Srinivasa Reddy P, Kaiser Jamil, Madhusudhan P, Anjali G, Das B. Antibacterial activity of isolates from Piper longum and Taxus baccata. Am J Eng Res. 2001;39(3):236-238. 22 Sharma PV. Dravyagunavijnana. Chaukhambha Bharati Academy; 16 th edition, Varanasi, 1999; p. 278. 23 All Things Healing. An online community for healing mind, body, spirit, planet. Available from: http://www.allthingshealing.com 24 Poonam P. Khot, Amit L. Tamadaddi. Review Of Sutika Paricharya & Its Clinical Importance. Int Ayurvedic Med J [online]. 2017 [cited July, 2017]. ******************************* How to cite this article: Lalita, Jitesh Kumar Panda, Suniti Tanwar. Scientific applicability in day-to-day practice on Granthokta Sutika Paricharya. J Ayurveda Integr Med Sci 2023;12:119-124. http://dx.doi.org/10.21760/jaims.8.12.18 Source of Support: Nil, Conflict of Interest: None declared. Copyright © 2023 The Author(s); Published by Maharshi Charaka Ayurveda Organization, Vijayapur (Regd). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and perform the work and make derivative works based on it only for non-commercial purposes, provided the original work is properly cited

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