Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences
2016 | 9,058,717 words
The Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences (JAIMS) is an international double-blind peer-reviewed monthly journal published by Maharshi Charaka Ayurveda Organization. It focuses on research in AYUSH fields (Ayurveda, Yoga, Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, Homeopathy) and related sciences. JAIMS aims to disseminate scientific findings, promo...
Therapeutic aspects of Eranda Tail (Oil of Ricinus Communis)
Ramraj Singh
Post Graduate Scholar, Dept. of Kayachikitsa, Government Ayurved College and Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
Rupali Kakade
Post Graduate Scholar, Dept. of Kayachikitsa, Government Ayurved College and Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
Jayant Gulhane
HOD and Associate Professor, Dept. of Kayachikitsa, Government Ayurved College and Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
Year: 2023 | Doi: 10.21760/jaims.8.4.27
Copyright (license): Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license.
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[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Guna, Singh, Main, Rasa, Ama, Sneha, April]
REVIEW ARTICLE April 2023 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | April 2023 | Vol. 8 | Issue 4 158 Therapeutic aspects of Eranda Tail (Oil of Ricinus Communis) Ramraj Singh 1 , Rupali Kakade 2 , Jayant Gulhane 3 1,2 Post Graduate Scholar, Dept. of Kayachikitsa, Government Ayurved College and Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India. 3 HOD and Associate Professor, Dept. of Kayachikitsa, Government Ayurved College and Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India. I NTRODUCTION The plant has been cultivated for over 6000 years and was a source of oil for lamps and cosmetics in ancient Egypt Among Chatusnehas (four types of unctuous materials), Taila (oil) is the best for the management of Vatavyadhi (diseases of Vata ) as it possesses opposite Gunas (properties) of Vata [1] In Vatika Vikaras (disorders caused by Vata ) Sneha Virechana (purgation by oil) is advised [2] , as it clears obstruction in the Srotas (body channels) and relieves Vata vitiation subsequently Eranda Taila (Castor oil) is one of widely used oil in Ayurvedic disease management both internally and externally. It is also administered as Address for correspondence: Dr. Ramraj Singh Post Graduate Scholar, Dept. of Kayachikitsa, Government Ayurved College and Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India. E-mail: ramrajsingh 0625@gmail.com Submission Date: 15/02/2023 Accepted Date: 23/03/2023 Access this article online Quick Response Code Website: www.jaims.in DOI: 10.21760/jaims.8.4.27 adjuvant for various formulations Eranda Taila (Castor oil) is a wonderful drug which can also rejuvenate the body and can be administered in many ways Panchangul (Leaves arrangement like 5 fingers), Vatari (Enemy of vitiated Vata ), and Chitrabeeja (Seed with design) are synonyms [3] , Erand is also called as Vatari as it controls the Vata by its Madhur Rasa, Madhur Vipaka , and Ushna Virya [4] Eranda increases the Pitta hence it is not recommended in Pitta dominant conditions Indigestion is the root cause of many diseases Ama , the endogenous toxin is the main culprit in the pathogenesis of many diseases Use of Ricinous oil can prevent these conditions Castor oil mainly consists of Ricinoleic acid Even though it has various medicinal properties, inappropriate usage causes adverse effects such as dizziness, abdominal cramps, diarrhoea; etc [5] as well as proper review of Eranda Tail w.s.r to Samhita , is not available so This article mainly focuses on the Properties, qualities, Indication, Contraindication, Mode of action, administration, dose, adverse effects of castor oil and common Ayurvedic formulation of Eranda Tail . A IM AND O BJECTIVES 1 Identify the qualities and Properties of Eranda Tail according to Ayurveda . A B S T R A C T Castor Oil is one of the main drugs used for Virechana Karma (purgative therapy) under Panchakarma therapy Castor oil is a vegetable product extracted from Ricinus communis (castor seed) The castor oil is pungent; hot, heavy, and curative of Vata and Kapha In combination with astringent, sweet, and bitter substances, it also, cures Pitta It pacifies Vata , the aggravation of which is the root cause of all diseases It is also administered as an adjuvant for various formulations Even though it has various medicinal properties, inappropriate usage causes adverse effects such as dizziness, abdominal cramps, diarrhoea; etc as well as a proper review of Eranda Tail w.s.r to Samhita is not available So, this article mainly focuses on the properties, qualities, Indication, Contraindication, Mode of action, administration, dose, and adverse effects of castor oil. Key words: Eranda Tail, Vata, Ricinus Communis, Castor oil, Vata Vyadhi
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[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Sara, Guru, Deep, Heart]
Ramraj Singh et al. Therapeutic aspects of Eranda Tail (Oil of Ricinus Communis) ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE April 2023 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | April 2023 | Vol. 8 | Issue 4 159 2 Review the general and specific indications and contraindications of Eranda Tail . 3 Identify the mechanism of action of castor oil according to Ayurveda . 4 Describe the Route of administration, dose, and potential adverse effects of castor oil. 5 Common Ayurvedic formulations of Eranda Tail . M ATERIALS AND M ETHODS Review work done and literature from the classical texts and research websites have been incorporated into the study 1. The qualities of Castor oil Rasa Guna Virya Vipaka Prabhav Doshgnata Madhur Tikta, Katu [6] Guru, Snigdha Pichala, Tkshna, Sara, Sukshma [7] Ushna Madhur Rasayana Vata- Kapha Har 2. Properties of Castor oil Castor oil is sweet and heavy and increases Kapha ; it is highly curative of Vata, Rakta Gulma , heart disease, and chronic fever [8] Castor Oil is sweet, hot (in its potency), irritating and appetizing It leaves a pungent astringent aftertaste and is subtle It acts as a cleansing agent in respect of the internal channels of the body and is wholesome to the skin It is spermatopoietic, sweet in digestion ( Vipaka ), and rejuvenating It purifies the semen, vagina, and removes vaginal and uterine disorders, and contributes to the preservation of sound health It improves the memory, complexion, and intellect (of its user), subdues the bodily Vayu and Kapha , and cleanses the system from all injurious principles by inducing purging [9] Castor oil is known to consist of up to 90% ricinoleic, 4% linoleic, 3% oleic, 1% stearic, and less than 1% linolenic fatty acids 3. Indication and Contraindication of Castor oil Indication 1 If the Vata is obstructed by Meda, Kapha, Pitta , or Rakta (vitiated blood) in the disease like [10] Gulma (lump-like feeling in the abdomen), Udara (abdominal diseases include ascites), Bradhna (inguinal swelling), Piles, Splenic enlargement, Udavarta (abnormal upward movement of Vata ), Yoni-Roga (gynaecological diseases), Seminal disorders, disorders of Meda and Kapha associated with Deep-seated Vatarakta (gout), Sciatica, Hemiplegia etc. and in other Vatika disorders. 2 Heart-disease [8] 3 Chronic fever [8] 4 Skin disorders [9] 5 In Kati-Guha-Koshta-Pristha pain and swelling [6] Contraindication 1 Gastrointestinal obstruction [11] 2 Appendicitis [11] 3 Perforation [11] 4 Inflammatory bowel disease [11] 5 Pregnancy [12] 6 Hypersensitivity [12] 7 Severe impaction [12] 8 Rectal fissures [12] In diagnostic tests such as colonoscopies, it is essential to have a bowel preparation before performing the procedure Castor oil may be used in these types of procedures as it is effective in bowel evacuation However, in these procedures, patients typically have better results and satisfaction with other laxatives such as sennosides, polyethylene glycol, and bisacodyl In a study comparing castor oil to senna graph syrup, the senna group had fewer side effects and better bowel preparation overall.
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[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Eka]
Ramraj Singh et al. Therapeutic aspects of Eranda Tail (Oil of Ricinus Communis) ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE April 2023 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | April 2023 | Vol. 8 | Issue 4 160 4. Specific Indication and their condition SN Indication Condition Anupan Acharya 1. Gulma [13] (lum p like feeling in abdomen) 1 Vata Gulma associated with Kapha dominance 2 Vata Gulma associated with Pitta dominance Varuni wine Milk Charak 2. Shvayathu [14] Administratio n of Eranda Tail before meal in the pt of Shvayathu whenever obstruction in stool and Apanvayu . Charak 3. Avarana Yukta Udara Roga [15] (abdominal diseases includes ascites) Kapha is afflicted with morbid Vata and Pitta or where Vata is overlaid by Kapha and Pitta With relevant herbs that cure the morbid Dosha Charak 4. Vataj Grahani [16] In Strast Dosha Avastha of Vataj Grahani for Virechan Kshara Charak 5. Udavarta (abnormal upward movement of Vata ) and Anaha [17] (bloating in upper abdomen) Obstructed by Meda, Kapha, Pitta or Rakta (Vitiated blood) With milk, meat soup, juice or Triphala decoctio n, vegetabl e soup, cows’ urine, Charak alcoholic drink etc. 6. Vatavyadhi [18] After oleation and sudation procedures mild purgation Milk Charak 7. Deep-seated Vatarakta [19] (gout) whom Dosha are excessively aggravated Milk Charak 8. Gridhrasi In the management of Gridhrasi , extensive use of Vasthi and Pana by medicated Eranda Taila with Vajeegandhadi drugs is recommended [20] It is also advised to take Eranda Taila with Gomutra for one month for Gridhrasi [21] Yogratnak ar 9. Katisula In Katisula , of different origin Eranda Taila should be taken along with Dasamoolee Kashaya or Nagara Ambu [22] Yogratnak ar 10. Amavatha To win over the mighty elephant called Amavatha roaming all over the body; only one lion called Eranda Taila is enough ( Aamavatha Gajendrasya Sarira Vana Charina, Eka Eka Nihantyashu Eranda Taila Kesari ) [23] Bhavamisra 11. Vata Udara In Vata Udara, Eranda Taila can be used orally along with Dasamoola or Gomutra or with Triphala Churna. [24] In Udara Roga Samanya Vidhi, there is description suggesting that Eranda Taila should be taken along with Ksheera or with Mutra [25] Eranda Taila is advised as Pathya for Udara Roga [26] Yogratnakar
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[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Bala, Hadi, Long, Krishna, Pala]
Ramraj Singh et al. Therapeutic aspects of Eranda Tail (Oil of Ricinus Communis) ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE April 2023 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | April 2023 | Vol. 8 | Issue 4 161 12. Mutrakrichha (Dysuria) Eranda Taila added with Yavakshara and consumed relieves dysuria; in case of pain in the waist in ( Eranda Taila ) should be consumed either with decoction of Dasamula or of Nagara [27] Bhavamisra 13. Scrotal enlargement due to Vata In scrotal enlargement due to Vata the patient should be administered oleation therapy first, followed by purgation, drink Eranda Taila mixed with milk for one month Guggulu and Eranda Taila consumed along with Gomutra ; this cures scrotal enlargement of Vata origin quickly, though persisting for a long time [28] Bhavamisra 14. Antra Vriddhi (scrotal hernia) Eranda Taila cooked with decoction of Bala and consumed suitably cures Antra Vriddhi (scrotal hernia) associated with flatulence and pain in the abdomen [29] Bhavamisra 15. Bradhna Roga Paste of Abhaya is fried in Eranda Taila and then added with powder of Krsna and Saindhava and consumed daily is best to cure Bradhna Roga [30] Bhavamisra 16. Slipada (Filariasis) The patient of Slipada (Filariasis) who consumes Haritaki , fried in Gandharva Hasta Taila ( Eranda Taila ) along with Gomutra , everyday gets cured of Slipada within seven days [31] It is regarded as Pathya for Vriddhi Vardhma Roga [32] It is regarded as Pathya for Slipada [33] Bhavamisra 5. Mode of action 6. Route of Administration and Dose Castor oil administration is via the oral route, as the oil needs to be broken down by intestinal lipases to have its stimulant laxative effects An appropriate daily dose for an adult male is 15 to 60 ml per day [34] Castor oil should be administered up to the dose of five Pala depending on the strength of the person, nature of disease, and the Koshta If the person is weak and is of Mridu Kosta (laxed bowel) then, castor oil should be given along with food Along with oral route it can be administered via anal route in the form of enema therapy. 7. Adverse effects of castor oil The adverse effects of castor oil are a common reason why it is not used often in conventional medicine In a study comparing castor oil to sennosides, castor oil tended to cause abdominal cramping, vomiting, bloating, and dizziness Far fewer adverse effects were occurring with the use of other laxatives [35] 8. Common Ayurvedic formulations of Eranda Tail Guggulu Preparatio ns Oil preparations Ghrita preparations Other preparations Vatari Guggulu [36] Gandharvahast hadi Eranda Taila [39] Sukumara Ghrita [48] Vataghna Lepa [53]
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[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Neha, Colon, Kamala, Exceptional, Kala]
Ramraj Singh et al. Therapeutic aspects of Eranda Tail (Oil of Ricinus Communis) ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE April 2023 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | April 2023 | Vol. 8 | Issue 4 162 Sihanada Guggulu [37] Punarnava Guggulu [38] Pinda Tail [40] Misraka S neha [41] Tail Panchak [42] Pancha Sneha [43] Brhatsaindhava di Taila [44 ] Hingutriguna Taila [45] Swasari Thailam [46] Sarivadi Thailam [47] Parpanadi Ghrita [49] Varunadi Ghrita [50] Sarvmayant aka Ghrita [51] Punarnavadi Ghrita [52] Gudabhallata k [54] DISCUSSION Eranda Taila is highly useful in the treatment of a variety of common and chronic disorders Moreover, the plant is very common and can be seen wildly growing in forests Eranda Taila being a simple harmless purgative can be prescribed after considering the strength of the disease, digestive fire and strength of the body of the patient Avoid root cause of disease Indigestion is the root cause of many diseases Ama , endogenous toxin is the main culprit in the pathogenesis of many diseases Use of Ricinous oil can prevent these conditions Pakvashaya (Large intestine) is the main site of Vata When we control Vata from this site, it is easier to control Vata from all other places Hence, it is recommended in Vataj Gulma , Vataj Grahani, Vata Udara and in other Vatavyadhi i.e., Deep-seated Vatarakta (gout), Sciatica, Hemiplegia etc Eranda Tail on Purishdhara Kala Ayurveda has mentioned the co-relation of Purishdhara Kala and Asthidhara Kala. Vitiated Vata causes Prushthashula (backache), Sandhivata (Arthritis), Asthi Shul (Bony pains), crackling sounds at joints in this pathogenesis castor oil recommended By action of Ushna, Guru, Snigdha, Tkshna, Sukshma Guna of castor oil Malapaka at the level of Purishdhara Kala . Eranda Tail in Amavat In Amavat (Rheumatism) - Tikta Rasa & Katu Rasa with Ushna Virya pacifies the Ama Eranda digest Rasagata ama, Eranda oil when used with Sunthi Kwath, it helps more in Ama Pachan , Warm Eranda oil can also be applied externally to joints As mentioned earlier it is a choice of drug in Rheumatism Eranda - Recinus oil is an exceptional fat which can be used in ama condition also. Eranda Tail acts on Apan Vayu Eranda has a specific action on Apan sites i.e., on colon & urogenital system Hence it is recommended in Bradhna (inguinal swelling), Antra Vriddhi (scrotal hernia), scrotal enlargement due to Vata , Piles, Udavarta (abnormal upward movement of Vata), Yoni- Roga (gynaecological diseases), Seminal disorders and Mutrakrichha (Dysuria) . In all types of Vataja Shul In backache, cervical pain, sciatica and in arthritis Eranda oil with Guggul formulations is a prototype of Ayurvedic therapeutics. In Kamala (Jaundice ) In obstructive pathology E recommended to relieve t and to maintain the flow of components In Liver diseases where the jaundice appears, the Eranda oil is used as a 'Sneha Virechana' . Nityam Enam Virechayet Udar (Ascites) is the condition where the fluid retention is present in the peritoneum It is generally secondary to Liver diseases The leaves of Eranda are utilized locally to reduce the abdominal girth in ascites. Eranda Tail for Prana Vaha Srotas In the respiratory conditions like Shwasa (asthma) & Kasa (cough) where the channels are clogged with mucoid & sticky secretions Erand oil is used to relieve the obstructions from the channels. Eranda Taila in Avarana In condition where Kapha is afflicted with morbid Vata and Pitta or where Vata is overlaid by Kapha and Pitta , it should be treated by oral medication of Eranda Tail
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[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Mod, Gupta]
Ramraj Singh et al. Therapeutic aspects of Eranda Tail (Oil of Ricinus Communis) ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE April 2023 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | April 2023 | Vol. 8 | Issue 4 163 (oil of Ricinus communis) processed with relevant herbs that cure the morbid Dosha . Mridu Samshodhana (Mild purgation) The oleation and sudation procedures should be repeatedly administered so that the disorders of Vata may not stay in the viscera softened by oleation procedure If due to residual morbidity, the symptoms did not subside with the above procedures, then the patient should be cleansed by means of mild drugs mixed with unctuous articles. For this purpose, the patient may take the medicated ghee prepared with Tilvaka or Satala , or castor oil with milk; all of these are auspicious and expel the morbid humors. By excessive use of unctuous, sour, salty and hot articles of diet, the excretory matter gets accumulated and occluding the alimentary passage, obstructs the Vata , hence Anuloman of Vata should be done by castor oil. Due to its Sukshma Guna, it can enter into minute pores, and Srotovishodhana property enables it to cleanse the channels It enhances Medha Kanti Bala Arogya Smriti (improve cognitive and memory functions and augment general health and heartiness). CONCLUSION Ricinus communis or castor plant is a widely traditionally used and potent medicinal plant amongst all the thousands of medicinal plants The approved FDA condition for which castor oil may be useful as a stimulant laxative, which can be beneficial in constipation and medical procedures With chronic idiopathic constipation being one of the most common GI complaints, castor oil can be of great benefit Mridu Samshodhana (Mild purgation) or Anuloman action occur by Eranda Tail in all over the indications mentioned above. A systematic review of Eranda Taila provides information about its properties, qualities, Indication, Contraindication, Mode of action, administration, dose, adverse effects of castor oil and common ayurvedic formulation of Eranda Tail etc Srotorodha is a main cause for disease generation It has wide range of indications and is an ingredient in various potent formulations It is a conventional laxative with less adverse effect and is inexpensive It pacifies Vata and Kapha Dosa , is Sukshma , Srotosodhsana and Rasayana in property The therapeutic aspect of Eranda Tail is much more and can be given in various disorders. REFERENCES 1 Shastri P.K and Chaturvedi G.N., Charak Samhita, Vidhyotini Hindi Commentry, Vol-1, Rasa vimana Adhyaya 1, Chaukhamba Bharati Sansthan, Varanasi Reprint 2016, ed, Shloka,1/13, Page no 676 2 Shastri P.K and Chaturvedi G.N., Charak Samhita, Vidhyotini Hindi Commentry, Vol-2, Vatavyadhi chikitisa Adhyaya 28, Chaukhamba Bharati Sansthan, Varanasi Reprint 2016, ed, Shloka, 28/83, Page no 792. 3 Bhavaprakash-Purvakhandha-Mishraprakarana – Guduchyadivarga- Eranda https://niimh.nic.in/ebooks/e- Nighantu/bhavaprakashanighantu/?mod=read 4 Bhavaprakash-Purvakhandha-Mishraprakarana - Oil class- Eranda Tail https://niimh.nic.in/ebooks/e- Nighantu/bhavaprakashanighantu/?mod=read 5 Medscape, Drugs and diseases, Castor oil Retrieved from https://reference.medscape com/drug/fleet-castor-oilcastor-oil-342010#4 [Accessed on 20.02.2018]. 6 Gupta K.A., Astangahrdayam Samhita, Vidhyotini Hindi Commentry, Dravadravya vijnaniya Adhyaya 5, Chaukhamba Sanskrit Sansthan, Varanasi Reprint 2021, ed, Shloka,5/57, Page no 60. 7 Bhavaprakash-Purvakhandha-Mishraprakarana - Oil class- Eranda Tail https://niimh.nic.in/ebooks/e- Nighantu/bhavaprakashanighantu/?mod=read 8 Shastri P.K and Chaturvedi G.N., Charak Samhita, Vidhyotini Hindi Commentry, Vol-1, Annapana Vidhi Adhyaya 27, Chaukhamba Bharati Sansthan, Varanasi Reprint 2016, ed, Shloka, 27/289, Page no 560. 9 Shastri K.A., Shsruta Samhita, Ayurveda Tattva Sandipika Hindi Commentary, Part-1, Dravadravya Vidhi Adhyaya 45, Chaukhamba Sanskrit Sansthan, Varanasi Reprint 2016, ed, Shloka, 45/114, Page no 230. 10 Shastri P.K and Chaturvedi G.N., Charak Samhita, Vidhyotini Hindi Commentry, Vol-2, Trimarmiya chikitisa Adhyaya 26, Chaukhamba Bharati Sansthan, Varanasi Reprint 2016, ed, Shloka, 26/27-30, Page no 722. 11 Xing JH, Soffer EE Adverse effects of laxatives Dis Colon Rectum 2001 Aug;44(8):1201-9 [PubMed] 12 Medscape, Drugs and diseases, Castor oil Retrieved from https://reference medscape com/drug/fleet-castor-oilcastor-oil-342010#5 [Accessed on 20.02.2018].
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Ramraj Singh et al. Therapeutic aspects of Eranda Tail (Oil of Ricinus Communis) ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE April 2023 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | April 2023 | Vol. 8 | Issue 4 164 13 Shastri P.K and Chaturvedi G.N., Charak Samhita, Vidhyotini Hindi Commentry, Vol-2, Gulma chikitisa Adhyaya 5, Chaukhamba Bharati Sansthan, Varanasi Reprint 2016, ed, Shloka, 5/12,13, Page no 214. 14 Shastri P.K and Chaturvedi G.N., Charak Samhita, Vidhyotini Hindi Commentry, Vol-2, Shvayathu chikitisa Adhyaya 12, Chaukhamba Bharati Sansthan, Varanasi Reprint 2016, ed, Shloka, 12/28, Page no 360. 15 Shastri P.K and Chaturvedi G.N., Charak Samhita, Vidhyotini Hindi Commentry, Vol-2, Udar chikitisa Adhyaya 13, Chaukhamba Bharati Sansthan, Varanasi Reprint 2016, ed, Shloka, 13/172, Page no 408. 16 Shastri P.K and Chaturvedi G.N., Charak Samhita, Vidhyotini Hindi Commentry, Vol-2, Grahani chikitisa Adhyaya 15, Chaukhamba Bharati Sansthan, Varanasi Reprint 2016, ed, Shloka, 15/79, Page no 464. 17 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Yogratnakara, 2 nd edition udara roga chikitsa, sl 170-172 Text with Vaidyaprabha Hindi Commentary by Indradev Tripathi and Dr.Daya Shankar Tripathi, Chaukhambha Krishnadas Academy, Varanasi, 2007, Page no 562. 27 Bhavamisra, Bhavaprakasha, Vol 2, Third edition, Madhyamakhanda, amavathaadhikara, shad vimso adhyaya, sl 55 Text with English Translation Translated by Prof K R Srikantha Murthy, Chaukhambha Krishnadas Academy, Varanasi, 2005, Page no 372. 28 Bhavamisra, Bhavaprakasha, Vol 2, Third edition, Madhyamakhanda, Vriddhi Bradhna adhikara, Trichatwarimshattama adhyaya, sl 14-15 Text with English Translation Translated by Prof K R Srikantha Murthy, Chaukhambha Krishnadas Academy, Varanasi, 2005, Page no 532 29 Bhavamisra, Bhavaprakasha, Vol 2, Third edition, Madhyamakhanda, Vriddhi Bradhna adhikara, trichatwarimshattama adhyaya, sl 25 Text with English Translation Translated by Prof.K.R Srikantha Murthy, Chaukhambha Krishnadas Academy, Varanasi, 2005, Page no 533- 534 30 Bhavamisra, 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[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Shams, Shani, Arya, Ayush, Nil, Sam, Rao, Med, Sani]
Ramraj Singh et al. Therapeutic aspects of Eranda Tail (Oil of Ricinus Communis) ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE April 2023 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | April 2023 | Vol. 8 | Issue 4 165 35 Ghazikhanlou Sani K, Jafari MR, Shams S A comparison of the efficacy, adverse effects, and patient compliance of the senagraph®syrup and castor oil regimens for bowel preparation Iran J Pharm Res 2010 Spring;9(2):193-8 [PMC free article] [PubMed] 36 Sastri K.A., Bhaisajyaratnavali, Vidyotini Hindi Commentary, Amavata Chikitisa Prakaran chapter 30, Chaukhamba Sanskrit Sansthan, Varanasi Reprint 2022, ed, Shloka, 30/152, Page no 625. 37 Sastri K.A., Bhaisajyaratnavali, Vidyotini Hindi Commentary, Amavata Chikitisa Prakaran chapter 30, Chaukhamba Sanskrit Sansthan, Varanasi Reprint 2022, ed, Shloka, 30/181-189, Page no 627. 38 The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India, Part II (Formulations), Vol II, First edition, Government of India Dept Of Ayush, New Delhi, 2008, Page no: 124. 39 Ashtanga Samgraha, chikitsa Sthana, Vidradhivrddhichikistitam Adhyaya 15/25. http://ayurvidya.net/shastra/sangraha/?mod=read 40 Sahasrayoga, Taila yoga Prakarana- Pinda tail 18., Hindi translation by T B Pandit rao, edited by Vaidya Mahendrapal Singh Arya Kendriya Ayurveda Vijnan Anusandhan parishat New Delhi, 2011. 41 Shastri P.K and Chaturvedi G.N., Charak Samhita, Vidhyotini Hindi Commentry, Vol-2, Gulma chikitisa Adhyaya 5, Chaukhamba Bharati Sansthan, Varanasi Reprint 2016, ed, Shloka, 5/151,152, Page no 221. 42 Shastri P.K and Chaturvedi G.N., Charak Samhita, Vidhyotini Hindi Commentry, Vol-2, Gulma chikitisa Adhyaya 5, Chaukhamba Bharati Sansthan, Varanasi Reprint 2016, ed, Shloka, 5/96, Page no 214. 43 Sahasrayoga, Taila yoga Prakarana- Pancha Sneha 71., Hindi translation by T B Pandit rao, edited by Vaidya Mahendrapal Singh Arya Kendriya Ayurveda Vijnan Anusandhan parishat New Delhi, 2011. 44 Bhavamisra, Bhavaprakasha, vol 2, Third edition, Madhyamakhanda, Amavathaadhikara, shadvimso adhyaya, sl 116-121 Text with English Translation Translated by Prof K R Srikantha Murthy, Chaukhambha Krishnadas Academy, Varanasi, 2005, Page no 380 45 Vaghbata, Ashtanga hridaya, Vol II, Chikitsasthana, sl 39, Gulma chikitsa, Text with English translation by Prof K R Srikantha murthy, Chaukhambha Krishnadas Academy, Varanasi, Reprint 2008, Page no 407. 46 Sahasrayoga Panchama Prakarana - Artha tailayoga, Hindi translation by T B Pandit rao, edited by Vaidya Mahendrapal Singh Arya Kendriya Ayurveda Vijnan Anusandhan parishat New Delhi, 2011, Page no 291. 47 Yogratnakara, 2 nd edition, vatha rakthe tailani, ghrtm, sl 71 Text with Vaidyaprabha Hindi Commentary by Indradev Tripathi and Dr Daya Shankar Tripathi, Chaukhambha Krishnadas Academy, Varanasi, 2007, pg no 445. 48 Sahasrayoga, Ghrita yoga Prakarana- Sukumara Ghrita 5, Hindi translation by T B Pandit rao, edited by Vaidya Mahendrapal Singh Arya Kendriya Ayurveda Vijnan Anusandhan parishat New Delhi, 2011. 49 Sahasrayoga, Ghrita yoga Prakarana- Parpanadi Ghrita 26, Hindi translation by T B Pandit rao, edited by Vaidya Mahendrapal Singh Arya Kendriya Ayurveda Vijnan Anusandhan parishat New Delhi, 2011 50 Sahasrayoga, Ghrita yoga Prakarana- Varunadi Ghrita 27, Hindi translation by T B Pandit rao, edited by Vaidya Mahendrapal Singh Arya Kendriya Ayurveda Vijnan Anusandhan parishat New Delhi, 2011 51 Sahasrayoga, Ghrita yoga Prakarana- Sarvmayantaka Ghrita 46, Hindi translation by T B Pandit rao, edited by Vaidya Mahendrapal Singh Arya Kendriya Ayurveda Vijnan Anusandhan parishat New Delhi, 2011 52 Sahasrayoga, Ghrita yoga Prakarana- Punarnavadi Ghrita 57, Hindi translation by T B Pandit rao, edited by Vaidya Mahendrapal Singh Arya Kendriya Ayurveda Vijnan Anusandhan parishat New Delhi, 2011. 53 Sahasrayoga, Churna yoga Prakarana, Hindi translation by T B Pandit Rao, edited by Vaidya Mahendrapal Singh Arya Kendriya Ayurveda Vijnan Anusandhan parishat New Delhi, 2011. 54 Sahasrayoga, Leha yoga Prakarana, Hindi translation by T B Pandit Rao, edited by Vaidya Mahendrapal Singh Arya Kendriya Ayurveda Vijnan Anusandhan parishat New Delhi, 2011 ******************************* How to cite this article: Ramraj Singh, Rupali Kakade, Jayant Gulhane. Therapeutic aspects of Eranda Tail (Oil of Ricinus Communis). J Ayurveda Integr Med Sci 2023;04:158-165. http://dx.doi.org/10.21760/jaims.8.4.27 Source of Support: Nil, Conflict of Interest: None declared. Copyright © 2023 The Author(s); Published by Maharshi Charaka Ayurveda Organization, Vijayapur (Regd). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and perform the work and make derivative works based on it only for non-commercial purposes, provided the original work is properly cited
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