An insight on Vyadhikshamatva and Bala

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REVIEW ARTICLE July-Aug 2020 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | July - Aug 2020 | Vol. 5 | Issue 4 357 An insight on Vyadhikshamatva and Bala Dr. Ribin VP 1 , Dr. Prashanth Jain 2 , Dr. Geetha B. Markande 3 1 Final Year Post Graduate Scholar, 2 HOD & Associate Professor, 3 Associate Professor, Dept. of Roganidana Evum Vikruti Vigyan, Alvas Ayurveda Medical College and Hospital, Moodbidri, Karnataka, INDIA. I NTRODUCTION The concept of Vyadhiksamatva or Bala known in Ayurveda is a fascinating and vast subject. Vyadhikshamatva is of enormous importance and plays a vital role in the daily comfort of living beings for prevention and rapid recuperation from diseases. Among a group of people exposed to a specific Nidana , only some will be affected, while the others left without any effect. This occurrence shows two important points that these causative agents requires some essential favourable conditions for a disease to occur in an individual. In the absence of such Address for correspondence: Dr. Ribin VP Final Year Post Graduate Scholar, Dept. of Roganidana Evum Vikruti Vigyan, Alvas Ayurveda Medical College and Hospital, Moodbidri, Karnataka, INDIA. E-mail: ribingangadharan 93@gmail.com Submission Date: 12/07/2020 Accepted Date: 18/08/2020 Access this article online Quick Response Code Website: www.jaims.in Published by Maharshi Charaka Ayurveda Organization, Vijayapur, Karnataka (Regd) under the license CCby-NC-SA condition an individual’s Vyadhiksamatva or resistance can eliminate the disease, preserving and maintaining balanced condition. Equilibrium state of Dosha and Dhatu , optimum functioning of Agni , normalcy of Srotases , etc. are the factors responsible for the optimum Vyadhikshamatva along with Bala and Ojus . The term Bala is also used as a synonym for Ojus as they are mutually associated. The Bala represents the physical and mental strength of body resistance. Which is of 3 types as, Sahaja , Kalaja and Yuktikrita. [1] V YADHIKSHAMATVA The above word comprises of two phrases, Vyadhi and Kshamatva . 1 Vyadhi - misery, sorrow, discomfort (occurs due to Dosha-Dushya Sammurchana ) 2 Kshamatva - tolerance or capacity to withstand strain or stress All unwholesome food articles are not equally harmful or does not produce diseases immediately due to certain factors, likewise all Doshas are not equally powerful and not all persons are equally capable of resisting diseases. A B S T R A C T A good yield cannot be obtained from a seed sown in a non-fertile land, likewise an external cause cannot produce any morbidity in a Balayukta Deha . Health and disease is an integral element of an individual’s life. Everyone is not equally susceptible to d iseases, but it depends on Vyadhikshamatva of a person. The core aim of Ayurveda and the definition of Vyadhikshamatva by Chakrapani carries a great resemblance. Swasthasya Swaasthya Rakshanam implies the same meaning of Vyadhi-Utpadaka Prathibandhakatvam and Aturasya Vikaraprasamanam connotes the term Vyadhibala Virodhitvam . Optimum Vyadhikshamatva can steer away one from origin and progression of diseases. It is influenced by factors such as Bala , Ojas , Prakrita Kapha , Agni , etc. Vyadhikshamatva is invariably related to Bala , which is decided from the time of Shukrashonitha Samyoga to Ahara and Vihara of an individual along with seasonal changes. This review article is an effort to understand Vyadhikshamatva in terms of Bala . Key words: Vyadhikshamatva, Immunity, Bala.

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Dr. Ribin VP et al. An insight on Vyadhikshamatva and Bala ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE July-Aug 2020 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | July - Aug 2020 | Vol. 5 | Issue 4 358 Vyadhikshamatva is resistance to the diseases or overcome the manifestation of a disease. The word was first coined and precisely explained by Acharya Chakrapani, [2] it is of 2 kinds: 1 Vyadhibala Viroditvam - ability to confront against a manifested disease 2 Vyadhiutpadaka Pratibandakavtam - ability to prevent the manifestation of a disease. Vyadhiksamatva is a broad term which cannot be considered merely as immunity, but immunity is the resistance against a foreign antigen or microorganism, which can be included as a part of Vyadhikshamatva . Vyadhikshamatva conveys detailed insight regarding the resistance against all kind of diseases along with the ability to maintain the balance and integrity of Dosha , Dhatu and Mala . B ALA Bala is an important and broad concept in Ayurveda. It reflects both physical and mental wellbeing of an individual. Vyadhikshamatva is invariably related to Bala. Optimum level of Shareerika and Manasika Bala is essential for having Vyadhikshamatva . Charaka describes that the maintenance of health depends entirely upon the Bala . It is the most important factor assessed in the Rogi Pareeksha to decide the Sadhyasadhyata and treatment of diseases. Those individuals who comes under the category of Ashtanindhita Purusha [3] are generally considered incapable of resisting diseases. One attains Bala through three sources - Sahaja, Kalaja and Yukthikrita. [4] Sahaja Bala It is the Shareerika and Manasika Bala attained by birth ( Prakrita Bala ). It is inherited from parents. It is due to Prakrita Vridhi of Dhatu . It is determined by the Bala and excellence of Shukra and Arthava of parents, Hita Ahara and Vihara of mother during the gestational period. Sahaja Bala is inherited and one can improve the same by considering the above factors. Kalaja Bala The Bala attained by the individual due to the impact of seasonal variation, different stages of life and Dosha predominance during diurnal changes is called Kalaja Bala . Table 1: Relation between Bala and season ( Ritu ) Kala Bala Uttama Madhyama Heena Adana Kala Sisira Vasanta Grishma Visarga Kala Hemanta Sarat Varsha Table 2: Relation between Bala and Age ( Vaya ) Bala Asampurna Bala Uttama Heena Vaya Balyam Madhyama Vridha Table 3: Relation between diurnal changes and Dosha predominance Bala Uttama Madhyama Heena Kala Purvahna Madhyahan Aparahna Dosha Kapha Pitta Kapha Yuktikrita Bala It is the Bala acquired by following Hita Ahara , Cheshta and also through Rasayana Prayogas . 1 Ahara - by consuming Hita , Mita and Satmya Ahara such as Mamsa , Sarpi etc. 2 Cheshta - by following optimum exercise with proper rest. One can do exercise upto half of their Bala based on season and Shareera of an individual. 3 Rasyana - it helps in attaining Dhatu Samyata and their by improves the Vyadhikshamatva and Bala . Factors that promotes the Bala [5] 1 Desa - Born in a place where peoples are having excellent Bala . 2 Kala - Born in seasons which promotes Bala , such as Hemanta and Sisira . 3 Sukha Kala - Samyak Yoga of season ( Sadaranakalayoga )

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Dr. Ribin VP et al. An insight on Vyadhikshamatva and Bala ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE July-Aug 2020 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | July - Aug 2020 | Vol. 5 | Issue 4 359 4 Beeja Kshetra Sampath - excellence of Beeja ( Sukra ), Ksetra ( Artava and Garbhasaya ) of parents. 5 Aharasampat - Dhatusatmyakara Ahara 6 Shareera Sampat - excellence of bodily constitution ( Prasasta Purusha ) 7 Satmya Sampat - Pravara Satmyata 8 Satva Sampat - Pravara Satva 9 Swabhavasamsiddhi - Bala Janaka Karma 10 Youvana - young and middle age 11 Karma - Vyayamadi Karma 12 Samharsha - Enthusiastic and cheerful attitude. Bala and Ojus Ojus is considered as the Tejas (essence) of Sapta Dhatu . Bala is a functional attribute of Ojus. Prakrita Sleshma is considered as Bala as well as Ojus. [6] Hence the word Bala can also be understood in terms of Ojus . In Prakritavastah it maintains the optimum functioning of body and when it becomes Vaikrita , it leads to different types of diseases and even death may occur. Bala and Prakriti [7] ▪ Kapha - Balavan ▪ Pitta - Madhyama Bala ▪ Vata - Alpa Bala Rasa and Bala ▪ Madhura Rasa is Bala Vardhaka ▪ Sarvarasa Abhyasa leads to Bala Vridhi Agni and Bala ▪ Agnimoolam Balam Pumsam - Bala is dependent on Agni [8] ▪ Sama Agni leads to Dhatusatmya in turn results in Bala . ▪ Health, disease and death are depend on Agni . ▪ Hemanta Ritu - Good Agnibala - Uttama Bala ▪ Varsha Ritu - Hina Agnibala - Avarabala Bala and Satva Acharya Charaka in Yajjapurusheeya Adhyaya [9] explains the importance of psychological factors, ▪ Asaavaan Vyadhimokshya - optimistic attitude gives Satvabala that helps in fast recovery from a morbidity. ▪ Vishado Rogavardhananam - negative attitude towards a disease leads to worsening of the disease. Dosha and Bala ▪ The Bala of the body is always dependent on Samavastha of Tridoshas . ▪ Prakrita Sleshma is considered as Bala . ▪ Bala is one of the function attributed to Udana Vayu . Dhatu Sara and Bala [10] ▪ Sarva Sara Purusha is having excellent Bala ( Atibala ), slow degenerative changes ( Mandajara ) and less susceptible to diseases ( Mandavikara ). ▪ Bala is a feature of Mamsa, Majja and Shukra Dhatu Sara Purusha . CONCLUSION The concept of Vyadhikshamatva made its appearance as a result of observations. It can be observed that even after following improper diets and regimens some are not susceptible to diseases, on the contrary those who are following wholesome diets and regimens are susceptible to diseases. This is observed due to individual difference in Vyadhikshamatva . Bala is an inevitable factor which decides Vyadhikshamatva . It is a multi - faceted entity elaborated in Ayurveda, which is decided from Shukrashonita Samyoga , Ahara and Vihara , Desa and Kala , Ojus etc. Certain factors influencing Bala can be modified by following Hita Ahara-Vihara , Dinacharya , Ritucharya , Rasayana , etc. mentioned in Ayurveda. One should preserve Bala by any means for attaining flawless Vyadhikshamatva .

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Dr. Ribin VP et al. An insight on Vyadhikshamatva and Bala ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE July-Aug 2020 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | July - Aug 2020 | Vol. 5 | Issue 4 360 REFERENCES 1 Acharya Vaidya Yadavji Trikamji, Charaka Samhita with Ayurveda Dipika Commentary of Chakrapani Datta. Reprint ed. Varanasi (India): Choukambha Krishnadas Academy; 2010. Page no. 74 2 Acharya Vaidya Yadavji Trikamji, Charaka Samhita with Ayurveda Dipika Commentary of Chakrapani Datta. Reprint ed. Varanasi (India): Choukambha Krishnadas Academy; 2010. Page no.178 3 Acharya Vaidya Yadavji Trikamji, Charaka Samhita with Ayurveda Dipika Commentary of Chakrapani Datta. Reprint ed. Varanasi (India): Choukambha Krishnadas Academy; 2010. Page no.116 4 Acharya Vaidya Yadavji Trikamji, Charaka Samhita with Ayurveda Dipika Commentary of Chakrapani Datta. Reprint ed. Varanasi (India): Choukambha Krishnadas Academy; 2010. Page no.74 5 Acharya Vaidya Yadavji Trikamji, Charaka Samhita with Ayurveda Dipika Commentary of ChakrapaniDatta. Reprint ed. Varanasi (India): Choukambha Krishnadas Academy; 2010. Page no.332 6 Acharya Vaidya Yadavji Trikamji, Charaka Samhita with Ayurveda Dipika Commentary of Chakrapani Datta. Reprint ed. Varanasi (India): Choukambha Krishnadas Academy; 2010. Page no.105 7 Acharya Vaidya Yadavji Trikamji, Charaka Samhita with Ayurveda Dipika Commentary of Chakrapani Datta. Reprint ed. Varanasi (India): Choukambha Krishnadas Academy; 2010. Page no.277 8 Dr. Shivprasad Sharma, Ashtanga Sangraha of Vriddha Vagbhata with Sasilekha Commentary of Indu. Reprint ed. Varanasi (India): Choukambha Sanskrit Series Office; 2016. Page no.508. 9 Acharya Vaidya Yadavji Trikamji, Charaka Samhita with Ayurveda Dipika Commentary of Chakrapani Datta. Reprint ed. Varanasi (India): Choukambha Krishnadas Academy; 2010. Page no.132 10 Acharya Vaidya Yadavji Trikamji, Charaka Samhita with Ayurveda Dipika Commentary of Chakrapani Datta. Reprint ed. Varanasi (India): Choukambha Krishnadas Academy; 2010. Page no.278 ******************************* How to cite this article: Dr. Ribin VP, Dr. Prashanth Jain, Dr. Geetha B. Markande. An insight on Vyadhikshamatva and Bala. J Ayurveda Integr Med Sci 2020;4:357-360. Source of Support: Nil, Conflict of Interest: None declared. Copyright © 2020 The Author(s); Published by Maharshi Charaka Ayurveda Organization, Vijayapur (Regd). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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