Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences

2016 | 9,058,717 words

The Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences (JAIMS) is an international double-blind peer-reviewed monthly journal published by Maharshi Charaka Ayurveda Organization. It focuses on research in AYUSH fields (Ayurveda, Yoga, Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, Homeopathy) and related sciences. JAIMS aims to disseminate scientific findings, promo...

An integrative approach towards prevention & management of psychological...

Author(s):

Dr. Radhika Pukale
Final Year Post Graduate Scholar, P.G. Department of Kayachikitsa, National Institute of Ayurveda, Jaipur, Rajasthan, INDIA.
Dr. Deepti Sharma
Post Graduate Scholar, National Institute of Ayurveda, Jaipur, Rajasthan, INDIA.
Dr. Harish Bhakuni
Assistant Professor, P.G. Department of Kayachikitsa, National Institute of Ayurveda, Jaipur, Rajasthan, INDIA.
Dr. Kiran Krishnia
Post Graduate Scholar, National Institute of Ayurveda, Jaipur, Rajasthan, INDIA.


Year: 2020 | Doi: 10.3109/15622975.2015.1132007

Copyright (license): Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license.


Download the PDF file of the original publication


[Full title: An integrative approach towards prevention & management of psychological illnesses during COVID 19 crisis]

[[[ p. 1 ]]]

[[[ p. 2 ]]]

[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Harsha, Man, Sharma, Radhika, Harish, Kiran]

REVIEW ARTICLE July-Aug 2020 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | July - Aug 2020 | Vol. 5 | Issue 4 292 An integrative approach towards prevention & management of psychological illnesses during COVID 19 crisis Dr. Radhika Pukale 1 , Dr. Deepti Sharma 2 , Dr. Harish Bhakuni 3 , Dr. Kiran Krishnia 4 1 Final Year Post Graduate Scholar, 2,4 Post Graduate Scholar, 3 Assistant Professor, P.G. Department of Kayachikitsa, National Institute of Ayurveda, Jaipur, Rajasthan, INDIA. I NTRODUCTION Originating as a cluster of unexplained cases of pneumonia in Wuhan, China, novel coronavirus disease, officially designated as COVID-19 by the World Health Organization - has reached the level of a pandemic, affecting countries all across the world. To date (June 29 th, 2020), over 10,021,401 confirmed Address for correspondence: Dr. Radhika Pukale Final Year Post Graduate Scholar, P.G. Department of Kayachikitsa, National Institute of Ayurveda, Jaipur, Rajasthan, INDIA. E-mail: radhika.s.pukale@gmail.com Submission Date: 29/06/2020 Accepted Date: 23/07/2020 Access this article online Quick Response Code Website: www.jaims.in Published by Maharshi Charaka Ayurveda Organization, Vijayapur, Karnataka (Regd) under the license CCby-NC-SA cases and 499,913 deaths attributable to this disease have been reported. In the wake of this global health crisis, stringent public health measures have been implemented to curtail the spread of COVID-19 [1] Widespread outbreaks of infectious disease, such as COVID-19, are associated with psychological distress and symptoms of mental illness [2] India reported its first suicidal case by a 50 year old man from a village in Chittoor district of Andhra Pradesh on 12 th Feb 2020 due to fear of contraction of viral illness after rapidly growing alarming video clippings featuring COVID 2019 are in circulation on social media and being accessed by almost all individualsthrough their smartphones/ computers in developing countries [3] Psychiatrists across the world should be aware of these manifestations, their correlates, and strategies to manage them that encompass both the needs of specific populations [4] and the precautionary measures necessary to contain the spread of COVID- A B S T R A C T Widespread outbreaks of infectious disease, such as COVID-19, are associated with psychological distress and symptoms of mental illness. To date (June 29 th , 2020), over 10,021,401 confirmed cases and 499,913 deaths attributable to this disease have been reported. Ayurveda though being an ancient life science clearly mentions about such disease conditions. A detailed chapter on Janapadodhwansa in Charaka Samhita explains epidemic disease and its etiological factors. Adharma as the root cause of Janapadodhwansa . The current article is a narrative review of the existing literature on mental health symptoms and interventions relevant to the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychiatric and psychological problems that were present before the pandemic and the Patho-plastic effects of the pandemic on these problems; the responses to social isolation and lockdown; the psychological response to the diagnosis public responses to those with symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 infection, as well as the aftermath ofthe infection. Timely identification of high-risk groups especially those with prior mental health issues, are essential to prevent extreme events such as suicide and other impulsive behaviors. Acharya Charaka has described Chikitsa Siddhant to be followed during Janapadoudhwamsa ; Karma Panchavidham, Rasayananamupyoga. Langhan, Langhan-Pachana and Doshavasechan. Harsha Prinananam - Cheerful mind best in bringing delightfulness. Charaka has also stated that the disease of a patient having Pravara - Sattva recovers quickly as compared to patients of Avara - Sattva . Also, body and mind follow and influences each other i.e. any kind of change in mental status results in both physiological as well as psychological variation from normalcy. Key words: COVID-19, Psychological illness, Janapdoudhwamsa, Manasa, Satva.

[[[ p. 3 ]]]

[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Real, Long, Job]

Dr. Radhika Pukale et al. Prevention & management of psychological illnesses during COVID 19 crisis ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE July-Aug 2020 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | July - Aug 2020 | Vol. 5 | Issue 4 293 19 [5] They should also be aware of lacunae in the existing literature, which may need to be filled in over time through more widespread clinical experience and research. With the above objectives in mind, the current review was designed to summarize and understand the preventive and curative approach reducing diseases burden of COVID 19 crisis. M ETHODOLOGY The current article is a narrative review of the existing literature on mental health symptoms and interventions relevant to the COVID-19 pandemic. A search of the PubMed electronic database was undertaken using the search terms “novel coronavirus”, “COVID - 19”, “nCoV”, “mental health”, “psychiatry”, “psychology”, “anxiety”, “depression” and “stress” in various permutations and combinations. Ayurvedic classics, Modern Psychiatry textbooks, internet source related to this topic was used. Spectrum of Pandemic Effects on Mental Health The psychological effects of the pandemic are best understood in terms of psychiatric and psychological problems that were present before the pandemic and the pathoplastic effects of the pandemic on these problems; the responses to social isolation and lockdown; the psychological response to the diagnosis public responses to those with symptoms suggestive of COVID-19 infection, as well as the aftermath of the infection. In India, the first and foremost responses to the pandemic has been fear and a sense of clear and imminent danger. Fears have ranged from those based on facts to unfounded fears based on information/misinformation circulating in the media, particularly social media. The fears of contracting the illness are also frequent andrange from misinterpreting every fever or cough as a COVID-19 infection, wanting a test done for reassurance even though there are strict guidelines for testing, to hoarding medications despite there not being indications for their generalized use. Apart from the advisories regarding hand washing, doubts about whether or not to use a mask, what type of mask, what distances to maintain, what surfaces need disinfection with what? There are also real worries of job losses and economic slowdown during and following the pandemic. The list is endless and leads to a cycle of concern, worry, and distress. Responses to social distancing and lockdown Lockdown and social distancing (although many prefer to use the termphysical distancing), such a requirement has meant long separation from families (for those working away from their hometowns), financial stress and interpersonal strain. Reactions can range from boredom and moodiness to anger, irritation, and frustration [6] Another maladaptive coping is through the use of mind-altering substances. Uncertainty and a sense of loss of control are undoubtedly the pathogenic agents for anxiety, panic, and depression. Stigma: One has never imagined the stigma that might accompany COVID-19. There are several instances of people at risk, particularly health professionals being evicted from their premises by anxious landlords, people in quarantine being isolated from society, and cruel societal responses to people with a diagnosis of COVID-19, leading to people not disclosing symptoms and not seeking appropriate medical help. Presently governments across the world and in India are using a combination of measures like Quarantine, Isolation, Social distancing to stop the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. While considered essential under the present times of a raging pandemic circumstances, quarantine, isolation and social distancing can be a taxing and psychologically distressing experience for many . Problems faced in Quarantine: Increased duration, Multiple conflicting sources of information can lead to confusion. Fear about their health / fear of infecting others, even minor physical symptoms can be misinterpreted as having a disease. Loss of work can lead to loss of pay which could be significantly

[[[ p. 4 ]]]

Dr. Radhika Pukale et al. Prevention & management of psychological illnesses during COVID 19 crisis ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE July-Aug 2020 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | July - Aug 2020 | Vol. 5 | Issue 4 294 distressing, Inability to procure daily supplies can lead to anxiety. UN WOMEN have reported rates of increased violence against women and children more so girls in the COVID-19 times. Hence it is important to address this issue as it can lead to further crisis and probably secondary trauma [7] Violence manifests in different forms like Psychological, physical, emotional, sexual, Pregnancy related violence, Violence extending to older adults, children or pets and often only physical violence gets highlighted. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to significantly increased levels of stress at community, family and individual level. This distress may stem from the uncertainty of their own as well as their family's health, wellbeing and these could increase the suicide risk & aggression. In COVID 19 crisis, it is important to note that there are reports of chloroquine induced psychosis [8] List of mental health problems faced during COVID 19 Mental health issues noted in (biological) disaster zones including COVID-19 can be classified into an acute phase during the outbreak (approximately 2-6 months) and long-term phase after the control of the outbreak (>6 months). a) Acute Phase (during the outbreak) - Issues to be dealt with include immediate mental health impacts such as fear, denial, anxiety, insomnia, dissociative symptoms, depressive symptoms, suicidal ideas/attempts, substance withdrawal and relapse of pre-existing mental health problems. Besides, stress related issues of the health care providers and frontline personnel need to be addressed. b) Long-term phase (after the control of the outbreak) - Issues commonly presenting include grief, survivors, guilt, depression, substance use, relapses of pre-existing mental illness, PTSD, and somatization disorders. The major stress or during this period will be the direct and the indirect socio-economic impact of COVID-1. Management strategies to Cope psychological illness during COVID-19 Adapting to the changes: Emphasizing to adapt more constructively by being calm or learning to stay calm, by busying themselves with simple daily activities, avoiding depressive or fearinducing program’s on television or social media, connecting with others through telephone or digital means, cultivating or rediscovering old interests and hobbies and of course. For those employed, learning to work from home is a novel and challenging task for many. Discovering newer approaches to offer psychosocial support and continuous care for patients with psychiatric problems or psychological distress. Online digital communication platforms have become a boon for follow-up contact with patients as well as to disseminate training to professionals working even in remote settings an add up in ways to calm the mind is another helpful strategy. For students, academic institutions are switching to digital modes of training, interaction, and assessment. Anticipating situations of distress Unexpected instances during COVID 19 like separation or any negative outcomes must be handled with greater and positive understanding. Early Identification of psychological illness Amongst many instruments the PHQ-9, GAD-7, [9] Screening Instrument of Clinical Schedule for Clinical Psychiatry Ver 2.3 [10] is being suggested for use has the advantage of being brief, hence saves time and reduces the risk of prolonged exposure. It can also be used for telemedicine consultation Policies related to prevention, treatment and containment of COVID-19 The mental health professional associations and other related institutions should assemble experts with expertise in post-disaster psychological crisis intervention, to frame guidelines and provide technical guidance and emergency psychological crisis intervention under the coordination of the government's health authority [11] Understand the

[[[ p. 5 ]]]

[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Kala, Good]

Dr. Radhika Pukale et al. Prevention & management of psychological illnesses during COVID 19 crisis ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE July-Aug 2020 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | July - Aug 2020 | Vol. 5 | Issue 4 295 mental health status of various groups of the society affected by the pandemic. Timely identification of high-risk groups especially those with prior mental health issues, are essential to prevent extreme events such as suicide and other impulsive behavior’s [12] Aggression can be managed by Verbalde - escalation, chemical & mechanical restraint [13] Pharmacological management Anti-depressants, Anti psychotics, mood stabilizers, Sedatives/hypnotics can be used with precautious measures against the long term ill effects causimg extrapyramidal side effects (EPS) such as tremors, rigidity, dystonia and sometimes neuroleptic malignant syndrome, weight gain, hyperlipidemia, worsening of diabetes mellitus, agranulocytosis, seizures, cardiomyopathy and some potentially ill drug interactions. Managing psychological illness in Quarantine / Isolation / Social Distancing Quarantine or its extensions should be explained logically with reasoning to the people with compliance. Providing clear information in accessible and simple manner. Creating awareness regarding fake news circulation on mass media. Providing adequate information of disease and its innocuous with sufficient dedication of time towards queries. Provide facilities to the individual to remain physically active, continue or develop hobbies to be mentally active and ensure a balanced diet to keep themselves fit and calm [14] Avoid speculation and break the chain of rumor. Ensure adequate supply of basic needs (food, water, medicines, etc.) and reinforce a sense of altruism. Counselling for home quarantined using telephone helplines and telepsychiatry [15] Ayurvedic concept and management strategies for psychological illness during COVID-19 Ayurveda though being an ancient life science clearly mentions about such disease conditions. A detailed chapter on Janapadodhwansa [16] in Charak Samhita Vimansthan 3 rd Adhyaya explains epidemic disease and its etiological factors. In Sushrut Samhita Kushthanidanadhyaya there is a good description on mode of transfer of disease. They are called Aupasargik Rogas [17] (communicable diseases). From these references we come to know that in ancient time also there were such epidemics. A detailed regimen for such diseases is also described Acharya Charaka has described the term Janapadodhwansa meaning destruction of a population living in an area. It is similar with epidemics. People having different Prakruti , Sarata and Aahar but some factors like air, region are common to them and vitiation of these factors leads to disease production and death which is termed as Janapadodhwans a. Janapadodhwansa occurs due to vitiation of Vayu, Jala, Desh, Kala . In the triad of infectious disease transmission involving aetiological agents, susceptible hosts and the environment, the role of the environment is the most ambiguous. The environment receives, maintains or protects and transports aetiological agents to susceptible hosts. Viruses may enter the environment in enormous quantities from clinically ill or inapparent carrier hosts; when extant outside the hosts which support their replication, they are the least understood of infectious agents. The greatest prospects for disease control for the future, however, lie in environmental measures to halt or reduce transmission. Conversely, failure to break the chains of transmission will result from failure to protect the environment or to modify it beneficially. Nidana / Anupashaya Aacharya Charak a has mentioned Adharma as the root cause of Janapadodhwansa . Not following one’s duty to a community is termed as Adharma . Pradnyaparadh [18] is also included in it. Not following Dincharya (daily regimen), Ritucharya (seasonal regimen), Vegavidharan (suppression of urges),

[[[ p. 6 ]]]

[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Anna]

Dr. Radhika Pukale et al. Prevention & management of psychological illnesses during COVID 19 crisis ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE July-Aug 2020 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | July - Aug 2020 | Vol. 5 | Issue 4 296 Paapkarma (sins) is included in Adharma . All these things are responsible for hampering immunity of an individual. Thus, not directly but surely Adharma is responsible for Janapadodhwansa . Samprapti Poorvaroopa & Roopa Krodha - Anger/Aggression Ahamkara - Egoistic Dvesha - Jealousy Parushya - Oppression Abhighat - Injury /shock ▪ Bhaya - Fear ▪ Taapa - Torment Shoka - grief Chinta - excessive thoughtfullnes Udvega - anxiety Modes of transmission Sushrut Samhita Nidansthan Adhyaya 4 th Kushthnidana Adhyaya Aacharya Sushruta has mentioned Aupasargikrogas in Kushtha Nidana . They are contagious diseases whose Sankramana [19] (spread) is directly through contact or contaminated objects of patient. By physical contact, expired air, eating with others in same plate, sharing bed (sexual contact also) using clothes, garlands and paste ( Anulepa or cosmetics) infectious diseases spread from person to person. Meaning of Prasanga is excessively and frequently performed according to Aacharya Dalhana . Chikitsa Nidana Parivarjana Avoiding intake of Ahara without following Aharavidhividhana / Aharavidhiviseshayatanani for example like avoid Atiguru (heavy) , Atisheeta (cold beverages) , Paryushita Anna ( preserved food ) , Atimatravatahara - hence one should always abided by rule of Aharasevana and must have freshly prepared healthy diet in proper quantity during pandemics. Sedentary lifestyle must be avoided in order to maintain proper balance of Tridosha which is depicted as Swasthya in Ayurveda. Acharyas have given a very scientific way of following daily routine i.e. Dinacharya and also a specific adaptations during seasonal changes i.e. Ritucharya is described in accordance with holistic approach towards maintenance of health in each different person. During pandemics, Vikrutavayu (air pollution) , Udaka ( water pollutin) , Kala (modernization of original human practices) , Desha (land pollution) must be dealt with utmost care. Along with modern ways of purification which could prove hazardous in terms of a synchronization with nature; it is very essential to adopt ways which are hand in hand with nature. Acharyas in Ayurvedic classics have given a very important incentive towards a natural way of decontamination of air /water/ land etc. which is both preventive in terms of external environment and curative for the people living in that area. Like, practicing Dhoopana with Nimba , Aparajita, Dasamoola, Guguulu, Devadaru, Agaru etc [20] on regular time intervals accordingly for different

[[[ p. 7 ]]]

[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Mere]

Dr. Radhika Pukale et al. Prevention & management of psychological illnesses during COVID 19 crisis ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE July-Aug 2020 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | July - Aug 2020 | Vol. 5 | Issue 4 297 conditions can be done. Water pollution can also be dealt by processing water for every individual according to their Prakruti (body constitution) , Desha (habitat) to decontaminate as well as increase the immunity of the population drinking the water; for example, Jalashuddhi [21] with Kataka, Shaivala, Vishgranthi, Darbha, Sphatika or just mere boiling water with herbs like Musta, Parpata, Udichya, Nagara, etc. can be a good way of preventing manifestation of Roga’s and can be boon during difficult times of epidemic crisis. Prakrutivighat Is a unique approach of management in such a manner that growth of Krimi or any other favourable factors for manifestation of disease is controlled and made irreversible. Vikruti of Vayu, Jala, Desha, Kala must be checked at regular interval of time with its efficient prevention being adopted as daily routine. Apakarshana During epidemics it is very necessary to protect body & mind from various diseases as the Vikruti of Vayu, Jala, Desha, Kala makes the living organism more prone to opportunistic infection due to reduced immune resistance of body to external infections. These infections when affect larger population it creates a mental distress to all others, who are not infected but may suffer from serious mental disorders. Hence, it is necessary to implicate the Shodhana, necessary to maintain a equilibrium in between the Shareerika and Mansika Doshas. Three types of treatment procedures discussed in Ayurveda are - Daivavyapashraya , Yuktivyapashraya and Sattvavajaya . Mahrishi Sushruta while describing the 4 Nigraha Hetu i.e. four factors which should be duly employed in order to successfully cope up with a disease, which are Sanshodhana (purification), Sanshamana (pacification), Ahara and Achara (regimes of diet & conduct). Acharya Charaka has described Chikitsa Siddhant to be followed during Janapdoudhwamsa. 1. Karma Panchavidham (Appropriate use of Panchakarma ) - Vamana , Virechana , Niruhabasti , Anuvasanbasti and Shirovirechana. [22] Acharya Vagbhata included Raktmokshana among Shodhanupkrama. [23] 2. Rasayananam Viddhi Vaat Upyoga (Use of Rasayana ) [24] - Acharya Charaka describes two types of Rasayana. a) Promotive - increases immunity and resistance of body towards disease development. For example: triphalarasyana,brahma rasyana, chyvanparasha,amalaka rasayana b) Curative - to treat the various disease manifestation during epidemics. 3. Aachara Rasayana and Sadvrittapalana These rules and regulations help in maintenance of mental and spiritual wellbeing of a person. Truth, sympathy, respecting elders and teachers, helping needy people, eating nutritious and Satvikaahara e.g. milk, ghee etc. in daily food. Properly following these rules will benefit the person in the same way as that of consuming Rasayana . Hence it is called Achara Rasayana. [25] 4. Measures for maintaining Manasika Doshas during quarantine, social distancing / isolation Following are the important aspects considered and advised by Acharyas in Ayurveda necessary to maintain positive mental health. Prashamo Pathyanam - Tranquility is considered the best as a wholesome regime, [26] Harsha Prinananam - Cheerful mind best in bringing delightfulness [27] Saumanasya Garbhadharnanam - pleasant mind in helping retention of conception [28] Achara Rasayana - If a person possesses qualities like truthfulness, free from anger, regularly offering prayers to God, cows, priests, teachers, elders; etc, practice. Rasayana therapy, then he acquires all the benefits of Rasayana therapy [29] Indriyajayo Nandananam - Self-control among the promoters of delightfulness.

[[[ p. 8 ]]]

[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Shiva, Vishnu]

Dr. Radhika Pukale et al. Prevention & management of psychological illnesses during COVID 19 crisis ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE July-Aug 2020 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | July - Aug 2020 | Vol. 5 | Issue 4 298 Tatva-avabodho Harshananam - Understanding of truth among the promoters of happiness [30] Brahmacharya Ayananam - Abstinence from the sexual act among those leading to salvation [ 31 ] To suppress urges like Manasika and Vachikavega (mental and verbal urges) [32] Sadvritta - observance of good conducts/noble deeds [33] Chiitaprasadanaupaya [34] For treating Manasikarogas (psychological diseases): Vishnu Sahasranamapatha in Jwarachikitsa (chanting name of Lord Vishnu 1000 times in fever) [35] Bandha (arresting), Aveshana (driving out), Pujana (worship) in the patients suffering from Bhutabhisanga Jwara (fever due to invasion of evil spirits) [36] Ritual activities like Yagya (sacrifice) in Rajayakshma. [ 37 ] Mantra chanting and other religious activities in treatment of Agantuja Unmada (exogenous insanity) [38] Ashwasana (consoling), Bhaya (terror), Trasana (sudden terror), Paraspara Pratidwandwa Chikitsa (treatment by mutually contradictory psychic factors) and Rudrapooja (lord Shiva worship) helps in curing the ailment in the patients of Nija Unmada (endogenous insanity) [39] Understandings, patience, memory and the power of concentration are instilled by friends in the patient of Atattvabhinivesha (psychic perversion) [40] Exhilarating and consoling the patients of Bhayaja and Shokaja Atisara (psychological diarrhea), respectively, for their cure [41] Mantra chanting for curing poisonous cases and consoling patients in case of suspicious poison ( Shankavisha ) [42] Indulging in factors like music, pleasing and delightful companions and psycho-therapy to overcome alcoholism [43] Along with these, some other measures of non-drug therapy which are also the part of Ayurveda are Meditation, Yoga, Marma Chikitsa and psychological counseling . Acharya Caraka states that Vishadorogavardhananam and Harshah - prinananam . Along with this, Caraka has also stated that the disease of a patient having Pravara-Sattva recovers quickly as compared to patients of Avara-Sattva. Also, body and mind follow and influences each other i.e. any kind of change in mental status results in both physiological as well as psychological variation from normalcy. Acharya Charaka has mentioned three fundamental guidelines for treatment during Janapadaudhwansa - Langhan, Langhanpachana, Doshavasechana. [44] Langhana - Two procedures of Langhana (lightening therapy) are given by Vagbhata i.e. Shodhana and Shamana . In this, out of 7 types, 5 types of Shamana procedures, i.e. Kshuda (hunger), Trit (thirst), Vyayama (exercise), Atapa (exposure to sunshine) and Maruta (wind) are Adravyabhuta forms of treatment Pachana - Ushnajalapana- Ksipram Jaragachati (Increases digestive power), Vataanulomayati , Tridosha Shamak, is best for Doshapachnartha during Janapadaudhwansa. Other drug processed water could also be advised like Shadangapaneeyam, etc. Peya , Vilepi prepared out of processing with Chitraka , Pippali Moola , Shunthi, could also be used. Doshaavasechana - All the Panchakarma procedures mentioned for Dosha Shodhana can be clinically advised . Medicines that can be used as Medhya and for increasing Vyadhikshamatva against Shareerik as well as Mansika Roga. Guduchi, Yastimadhu, Amalaki, Bhramhi, Mandukaparni, Ashwangandha, Shankhapushpi Kalka, Kushmanda, Shatavari, Vacha, etc . Formulations like: Bhramhi Ghrita, Kalyanak Ghrita, Panchgavya Ghrita, Mahapaisachika Ghrita, Panchgavya Ghrita, Sankhpushpi Panaka, Sarswata Churna, Jyotismati Taila, Lashunadi Ghrita, Purana Ghrita, Kaumbha Ghrita etc . CONCLUSION This is an attempt to introduce an integrated approach in dealing psychological illness. During COVID-19 through ancient practices mentioned in Ayurveda classics. The modification of current management of psychological illnesses with traditional Ayurveda guidelines could be adopted for betterment of mental health during such crucial times of pandemics.

[[[ p. 9 ]]]

[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Zhang, Liu, Singh, Gupta, Wang, Jiang, Nishant, Philip, Sun, Zhu, Smith, Chauhan, Vinay, Zhou, Chandra, Meng, April, Yang]

Dr. Radhika Pukale et al. Prevention & management of psychological illnesses during COVID 19 crisis ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE July-Aug 2020 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | July - Aug 2020 | Vol. 5 | Issue 4 299 REFERENCES 1 World Health Organization, (2020). Mental health and psychosocial considerations during the COVID-19 outbreak, 29 june 2020 (No. WHO/2019-nCoV/MentalHealth/2020.1). World Health Organization, 2 Bao Y., Sun Y., Meng S., Shi J., Lu L. 2019-nCoV epidemic: address mental health care to empower society. Lancet. 2020;22(395): e 37 – e 38 3 Goyal K, Chauhan P, Chhikara K, Gupta P, Singh MP. Fear of COVID 2019: First suicidal case in India! Asian J Psychiatry. 2020;49: 101989. pmid:32143142 4 Li Z., Ge J., Yang M., Feng J., Qiao M., Jiang R., Bi J., Zhan G., Xu X., Wang L., Zhou Q., Zhou C., Pan Y., Liu S., Zhang H., Yang J., Zhu B., Hu Y., Hashimoto K., Jia Y., Wang H., Wang R., Liu C., Yang C. Vicarious traumatization in the general public, members, and non-members of medical teams aiding in COVID-19 control. Brain Behav. Immun. 2020;10(20) 5 Liu S., Yang L., Zhang C., Xiang Y.T., Liu Z., Hu S., Zhang B. Online mental health services in China during the COVID-19 outbreak. Lancet Psychiatry. 2020;7(4):e 17 – e 18. 6 Armitage R, Nellums LB (2020). COVID-19 and the consequences of isolating the elderly. The Lancet. Public Health, 2667(20), 30061. 7 UNWOMEN.unwomen.org/en/digital-library/multimedia/ 2020/4/inforgraphic-covid 19-violenceagainst-womenand girls 8 Nishant Shukla, Review article Ayurvedic approach to communicable diseases – an overview 9 Inter-Agency Standing Committee (2017). Reference group for mental health and psychosocial support in emergency settings. A common monitoring and evaluation framework for mental health and psychosocial support in emergency settings. Geneva: IASC. 10 Kulkarni K, Adarsha AM, Parthasarathy R, Philip M, Shashidhara HN, Vinay B et al. (2019). Concurrent Validity and Interrater Reliability of the “Clinical Schedules for Primary Care Psychiatry”. Journal of neurosciences in rural practice, 10(03):483-8. 11 Duan L, Zhu G (2020). Psychological interventions for people affected by the COVID-19 epidemic. The Lancet Psychiatry, 1;7(4):300-2. 12 Minding our minds during COVID-19. Document released by Ministry of Health and Family welfare, st 31 March 2020. 13 Garriga M, Pacchiarotti I, Kasper, S, et al. 2016. Assessment and management of agitation in psychiatry: Expert consensus. The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry 17, 86 – 128. https://doi.org/10.3109/15622975.2015.1132007 14 Daily Life and Coping during Corona Virus Disease 19. Centre for Disease Control and Prevention. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/daily-lifecoping/index.html [Assessed thon 04 April 2020]. 15 Brooks SK, Webster RK, Smith LE, Woodland L, Wessely S, Greenberg N, et al. (2020) The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence. The Lancet, 395:912 – 20. 16 Vaidya Yadavji Trikamji Acharya, Charak Samhita of Agnivesa Elaborated by Charaka and Dridhbala with the Ayurved Dipika Commentary by Chakrapani, edition 2014, Varanasi,ChaukhambaSurbhartiPrakashan, 241 p. 17 P.V. Sharma, Susruta Samhita, reprint 2005, Varanasi, ChaukhambhaVisvabharati, 2005, 44 p. 18 Vaidya Yadavji Trikamji Acharya, Charak Samhita of Agnivesa Elaborated by Charaka and Dridhbala with the Ayurved Dipika Commentary by Chakrapani, edition 2014, Varanasi, ChaukhambaSurbhartiPrakashan, 297 p. 19 P.V. Sharma, Susruta Samhita, reprint 2005, Varanasi, ChaukhambhaVisvabharati, 2005, 44 p 20 Sushruta, Sushruta Samhita, Ayurveda Tattva Sandipika Hindi Commentary, Shastri Ambikadutta, chikitsasthana, Vranaupakramniyaadhyaya (1), Section 2 Pg 5., Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthan, Varanasi, 2010 21 Sushruta, Sushruta Samhita, Ayurveda Tattva Sandipika Hindi Commentary, Shastri Ambikadutta, sutra sthana, dravadravyavidhi(45), (17 shloka) Pg 219., Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthan, Varanasi, 2010 22 KavirajAtrideva Gupta, AstangHrdayam, reprint 2009, Varanasi, ChaukhambhaPrakashan, 135 p. 23 Vaidya YadavjiTrikamji Acharya, Charak Samhita of Agnivesa Elaborated by Charaka and Dridhbala with the Ayurved Dipika Commentary by Chakrapani, edition 2014, 24 Harish Chandra Singh Kushwaha, Carak Samhita – second part, Reprint 2012 Varanasi,Chaukhamba Orientalia, 1 p. 25 Harish Chandra Singh Kushwaha, Charak Samhita – second part, Reprint 2012,Varanasi, Chaukhamba Orientalia, 43 p. 26 Agnivesha, Charak Samhita, Vidyotini Hindi Commentary, ShastriKashinatha and Chaturvedi Gorakhanatha, Sutrasthana, Yajjahapurushiyaadhyaya (25; 40), P. 469, Chaukhambha Bharti Academy, Varanasi, 2013. 27 Agnivesha, Charak Samhita, Vidyotini Hindi Commentary, ShastriKashinatha and Chaturvedi Gorakhanatha, Sutrasthana, Yajjahapurushiyaadhyaya (25; 40), P. 469, Chaukhambha Bharti Academy, Varanasi, 2013. 28 Agnivesha, Charak Samhita, Vidyotini Hindi Commentary, ShastriKashinatha and Chaturvedi Gorakhanatha,

[[[ p. 10 ]]]

[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Nil, Med]

Dr. Radhika Pukale et al. Prevention & management of psychological illnesses during COVID 19 crisis ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE July-Aug 2020 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | July - Aug 2020 | Vol. 5 | Issue 4 300 Sutrasthana, Yajjahapurushiyaadhyaya (25; 40), P. 469, Chaukhambha Bharti Academy, Varanasi, 2013 29 Agnivesha, Charak Samhita, Vidyotini Hindi Commentary, Shastri Kashinatha and Chaturvedi Gorakhanatha, Chikitsasthana, Ayurvedasamutthaniya Rasayanapadaadhyaya (1[4]; 30-35), P. 58, Chaukhambha Bharti Academy, Varanasi, 2012. 30 Agnivesha, Charak Samhita, Vidyotini Hindi Commentary, ShastriKashinatha and Chaturvedi Gorakhanatha, Sutrasthana, Arthedashamahamuliyaadhyaya (30; 15), P. 584, Chaukhambha Bharti Academy, Varanasi, 2013. 31 Agnivesha, Charak Samhita, Vidyotini Hindi Commentary, ShastriKashinatha and Chaturvedi Gorakhanatha, Sutrasthana, Arthedashamahamuliyaadhyaya (30; 15), P. 584, Chaukhambha Bharti Academy, Varanasi, 2013 32 Agnivesha, Charak Samhita, Vidyotini Hindi Commentary, ShastriKashinatha and Chaturvedi Gorakhanatha, Sutrasthana, Naveganadharniyaadhyaya (7; 27-28), P. 160, Chaukhambha Bharti Academy, Varanasi, 2013. 33 Agnivesha, Charak Samhita, Vidyotini Hindi Commentary, ShastriKashinatha and Chaturvedi Gorakhanatha, Sutrasthana, Indriyopkramaniyaadhyaya (8; 17), P. 181, Chaukhambha Bharti Academy, Varanasi, 2013. 34 Agnivesha, Charak Samhita, Vidyotini Hindi Commentary, ShastriKashinatha and Chaturvedi Gorakhanatha, Shreerasthana, purusha vichayashareeraadhyaya (5; 12), P. 891, Chaukhambha Bharti Academy, Varanasi, 2013. 35 Agnivesha, Charak Samhita, Vidyotini Hindi Commentary, ShastriKashinatha and Chaturvedi Gorakhanatha, Chikitsasthana, Jwarachikitsaadhyaya (3; 331), P. 171, Chaukhambha Bharti Academy, Varanasi, 2012 36 Sushruta, Sushruta Samhita, Ayurveda Tattva Sandipika Hindi Commentary, Shastri Ambikadutta, Uttar tantra, Jwarapratishedhaadhyaya (39; 265), P. 262, Chaukhambha Sanskrit Sansthan, Varanasi, 2010 37 Agnivesha, Charak Samhita, Vidyotini Hindi Commentary, Shastri Kashinatha and Chaturvedi Gorakhanatha, Chikitsasthana, Rajayakshmachikitsaadhyaya (8; 189), P. 303, Chaukhambha Bharti Academy, Varanasi, 2012 38 Agnivesha, Charak Samhita, Vidyotini Hindi Commentary, ShastriKashinatha and Chaturvedi Gorakhanatha, Chikitsasthana, Unmadachikitsaadhyaya (9; 92), P. 326, Chaukhambha Bharti Academy, Varanasi, 2012. 39 Agnivesha, Charak Samhita, Vidyotini Hindi Commentary, ShastriKashinatha and Chaturvedi Gorakhanatha, Chikitsasthana, Unmadachikitsaadhyaya (9; 86), P. 325, Chaukhambha Bharti Academy, Varanasi, 2012. 40 Agnivesha, Charak Samhita, Vidyotini Hindi Commentary, ShastriKashinatha and Chaturvedi Gorakhanatha, Chikitsasthana, Apasmarachikitsa adhyaya (10; 63), P. 338, Chaukhambha Bharti Academy, Varanasi, 2012 41 Agnivesha, Charak Samhita, Vidyotini Hindi Commentary, ShastriKashinatha and Chaturvedi Gorakhanatha, Chikitsasthana, Atisarachikitsa adhyaya (19; 12), P. 562, Chaukhambha Bharti Academy, Varanasi, 2012 42 Agnivesha, Charak Samhita, Vidyotini Hindi Commentary, Shastri Kashinatha and Chaturvedi Gorakhanatha, Chikitsasthana, Vishachikitsa adhyaya (23; 222-223), P. 663, Chaukhambha Bharti Academy, Varanasi, 2012 43 Agnivesha, Charak Samhita, Vidyotini Hindi Commentary, ShastriKashinatha and Chaturvedi Gorakhanatha, Chikitsasthana, Madatyayachikitsa adhyaya (24; 157), P. 690, Chaukhambha Bharti Academy, Varanasi, 201 44 Agnivesha, Charak Samhita, Vidyotini Hindi Commentary, ShastriKashinatha and Chaturvedi Gorakhanatha, vimana sthana, Janapadhaudhwansa adhyaya (44), P. 703, Chaukhambha Bharti Academy, Varanasi, 2012 ******************************* How to cite this article: Dr. Radhika Pukale, Dr. Deepti Sharma, Dr. Harish Bhakuni, Dr. Kiran Krishnia. An integrative approach towards prevention & management of psychological illnesses during COVID 19 crisis. J Ayurveda Integr Med Sci 2020;4:292-300. Source of Support: Nil, Conflict of Interest: None declared. Copyright © 2020 The Author(s); Published by Maharshi Charaka Ayurveda Organization, Vijayapur (Regd). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Other Health Sciences Concepts:

[back to top]

Discover the significance of concepts within the article: ‘An integrative approach towards prevention & management of psychological...’. Further sources in the context of Health Sciences might help you critically compare this page with similair documents:

Samana, Yoga, Marutta, Shodhana, Vamana, Atapa, Amalaki, Vyayama, Kushmanda, Mandukaparni, Shatavari, Yashtimadhu, Medhya, Rajayakshma, Vacha, Pachana, Virechana, Guduchi, Shirovirechana, Apakarshana, Shankavisha, Sattvavajaya, Niruhabasti, Puranaghrita, Achararasayana, Daivavyapashraya, Vyadhikshamatva, Yuktivyapashraya, Meditation, Vikruti, Marmacikitsa, Psychological Counseling, Raktmokshana, Langhan, Chikitsa Siddhant, Manasika Dosha, Aachara Rasayana, Non-drug therapy, Avara Sattva, Panchgavya Ghrita, Nija Unmada, Agantuja Unmada, Anuvasanbasti, Kalyanak Ghrita, Sanshodhana, Doshavasechana, Curative, Sanshamana, Pravara-Sattva.

Let's grow together!

I humbly request your help to keep doing what I do best: provide the world with unbiased sources, definitions and images. Your donation direclty influences the quality and quantity of knowledge, wisdom and spiritual insight the world is exposed to.

Let's make the world a better place together!

Like what you read? Help to become even better: