A critical analysis to untangle the Deepana and Paachana Karma

REVIEW ARTICLE July-Aug 2020 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | July - Aug 2020 | Vol. 5 | Issue 4 276 A critical analysis to untangle the Deepana and Paachana Karma Dr. Shriram Murtugudde V 1 , Dr. Shreevathsa 2 1 Post Graduate Scholar, 2 Professor and Head, Dept of PG studies in Ayu. Samhitha and Siddhanta, Govt. Ayurveda Medical College, Mysuru, Karnataka, INDIA. I NTRODUCTION Deepana and Pachana are among the Saptavidha Shamana. Paachana is also included in Dashavidha Laghana. Deepana has been given prime importance in Gulma , Arshas, Atisaara and Grahani Chikitsa while Pachana is beneficial in Ama or Sama Vikara. Deepana and Pachana are also a part of Vata Upakrama . So also in many instances Deepana and Paachana are to be administered simultaneously. In Address for correspondence: Dr. Shriram Murtugudde V Post Graduate Scholar, Dept of PG studies in Ayu. Samhitha and Siddhanta, Govt. Ayurveda Medical College, Mysuru, Karnataka, INDIA. E-mail: shriram 1107@gmail.com Submission Date: 03/07/2020 Accepted Date: 12/08/2020 Access this article online Quick Response Code Website: www.jaims.in Published by Maharshi Charaka Ayurveda Organization, Vijayapur, Karnataka (Regd) under the license CCby-NC-SA present scenario of clinical practice Deepana and Paachana is a Poorvakarma for Snehana Owing to the importance of Deepana and Paachana every of the Oushadha Yoga has some Deepana Paachana Dravya. Deepana Paachana are almost the very integral part of Chikitsa . But Karma Lakshana of Deepana and Paachana are not well defined. Hence there is need to define and differentiate these Karma O BJECTIVES 1 To define and differentiate Deepana and Paachana Karma . 2 To define the Karma Lakshana of Deepana and Paachana . R EVIEW OF L ITERATURE Derivation and definition of Deepana ▪ दीपनम ्उज्जज्जवलीभावः । Sa.Ka.Dr. ▪ उच्चैज्जववलति प्रकाश्यिे इति । दीप्तम ् । ववकाशििम ् । Sa.Ka.Dr. A B S T R A C T Introduction: Deepana and Paachana are the highly integral part of Ayurveda Chikitsa . The two are considered into Sapta Vidha Shamana. Paachana is one among the Dashavidha Laghana . The details of Paachana and Deepana along with their utility is scattered in the lexicons of Ayurveda. The two Upakrama are sometimes used in combination and in some conditions they are solely utilized. The two Upakrama though seem to be similar there are differentiating factors between the two. There seems to be lacunae in the knowledge of Deepana and Paachana as Karma Lakshana of the two are be well defined. Materials and Methods: In the present work the literature has been surfed to find the relevant information about Deepana and Paachana . Discussion and Conclusion: The study reveals that Agni Mahabhoota Pradhana Dravya can effectively bring about both Deepana and Paachana Karma . Both Karma share a common identity that the both enhance Agni Bala . The two differ from each other with respect to their utility. Deepana is essential to maintain the Agni in Deepta Avastha for Swasthya Rakshana , while Paachana is essential in Atura Avastha when Ama or Saamatva prevails in Shareera . Key words: Deepana, Paachana, Agni.

Dr. Shriram Murtugudde V. et al. A critical analysis to untangle the Deepana and Paachana Karma ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE July-Aug 2020 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | July - Aug 2020 | Vol. 5 | Issue 4 277 Deepanam refers Ujjwalibhaava - to be bright or illuminated. ▪ दीपनम्दीपयतिवह्निशमति । Sa.Ka.Dr Deepanam is to do Vahni Deepana . ▪ दीपनम ्अन्िरागनेःसन्धूक्षणं । Yogaratnakara Deepana is to flare up the Antaraagni. ▪ पचेन्नामंवह्निकृच्चदीपनम् । Sha. Sa. Pra. 4.1 [1] The Karma which enhances Agni , but doesn’t perform. Amapachana is Deepana Deepaniya Dravya Samanya Gunatva ▪ दीपनम ्अग्गनगुणभूतयष्टंित्समानत्वाि् । Su.Su.41.6 [2] Agni Guna dominantly influences Deepana . ▪ वपत्तलान्रसान्गुणाश्चदीपनीयम्।िदागनेयम् । [3] The Rasa and Guna which enhances Pitta are Agni Guna dominant, hence are Deepaniya . ▪ पृथिव्यातनलबाहुल्याद्दीपनंपररचक्ष्महे । Ra.Vai. Pruthi and Anila ( Vayu) Mahabhoota dominant Dravya bring about Deepana . Concept of Pachana ▪ पच्यिेअनेनेतिपाचनम ् । Sa.Ka.Dr The one by which Pachana occurs is Paachana . ▪ पचतिआमंनवह्निंचकुयावत्तग्त्हपाचनम् । Sha.Sa.Pra.4.2 [4] The Karma by which Ama Pachana occurs but doesn’t not flare up Agni is Paachana. ▪ पचन्िमग्गनंप्रतिपक्षक्षपणेनबलदानेनचयत्पाचयतिित्पाचन । Chakrapani on Ca. Su.22.18 [5] The Karma by which the factors opposing the Agni are pacified and enhances the Agni Bala is Pachana . पाचनशमति - आहारंपचन्िंजाठरमग्गनंसन्धूक्षयग्न्िित्बलम्वर्धयवग्न्िच।सैन्धव माददतनद्रव्याणण । Gangadharan on Ca. Su. 22.18 Paacahana is the Karma by which the Jatharaagni which does Aharapaaka is flared up and its Bala is enhanced. Paachaniya Dravya Samanya Gunatva ▪ यातनपाचयग्न्ििातनपाचनातनवय्वाग्गनगुणबहुलातन | Gangadharan on Ca. Su. 22.18 Paachaniya Dravya are Vayu and Agni Guna Bahula Dravya . ▪ आगनेयास्िुगुणबाहुल्यात्पाचनंपररचक्ष्महे । Ra.Vai Agni Guna Bahula Dravya are Paachaniya . DISCUSSION Deepana Karma is an action exerted over Agni . So the frank existence of Agni has to be established. Asthitva : Agni is synonymously called as Vaishwaanara . Vaishwaanara means, the one which is present in the Kukshi of all living creatures. This very synonym supports the Asthitva of Agni in Shareera and specifies the site of Agni to be Kukshi . Further when Acharya Susrutha defines Swastha Lakshana, Sama Agni constitutes to be one of the Lakshana . This indicates that there exists Agni which is distinct from Doshaadi components in Shareera . To support the same, each Dosha influences Agni leading to expression of Vishama Teekshna Manda status of Agni . In pathological conditions of Pittaja Grahani, Pittaja Atisaara and Vidagdhaajeerna Pitta Dosha is causing Agni Mandya in Samprapti . When the Karma of Pitta and Agni are considered the two have distinct descriptions. Thus Agni has Astitva in Shareera and is distinct from Pitta Dosha. What are the Gunas of Agni ? Gunas of Agni in Shareera is not described, but “ Tyakta Dravatva Paakadi Karmanaa ” [6] is the Paada which define Agni Guna . Guna of Agni is same as that of Pitta , except that it is devoid of Drava or Soma Guna . Pitta being Panchaboutika has predominance of Agni and Jala Mahabhoota . Among the Pitta Guna Sasnehata , Saratva , Dravatva are Jala Guna . Visrata is

Dr. Shriram Murtugudde V. et al. A critical analysis to untangle the Deepana and Paachana Karma ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE July-Aug 2020 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | July - Aug 2020 | Vol. 5 | Issue 4 278 Pruthvi Guna , while Teekshnata, Ushnata, Laghuta are Agni Guna . So Ushnata Teekshnata and Laghuta are the Guna of Agni in Shareera . For further support to the above opinion, the Guna has to be ascertained by the Karma . As said - “ Karmabhischa Anumeeyante Nana Dravyaashryaa Gunah ” [7] Paaka or Paachana is the prime Karma of Agni . The Guna responsible for Paachana are Ushna and Teekshna . So Agni does possess Ushna and Teekshna Guna . Further Guru Ahaara has tendency to cause Agni Mandya while Laghu Ahaara tend to cause Agni Deepti. [8] Hence based on Samanya Visesha Siddhanta , as Laghu Gun a causes Agni Vruddhi and Guru Guna causes Agni Mandya , it can opined that Agni has Laghu Guna . Agni has Soshana Karma as the Pakva Ahaara which has reached Pakvaashaya is subjected to Soshana by Agni [9] Soshana is Karma of Ruksha Guna . Hence Agni possesses Ruksha Guna. Thus the Agni in Shareera is situated in Kukshi and has Ushna Teekshna Laghu Ruksha Guna . It is attributed mainly with Paaka Karma . Further based on Aagama Pramaana , it is known that Agni is of Tila Pramaana . The Agni is located above Nabhi around half Angula towards left. If one be sensitive enough of his own physical body, the hunger can be felt at this site. Discussion on Deepana Karma What is Agni Deepana ? As reviewed in literature Deepana is Agni Krut , Deepana does Agni Sandhukshana . But the descriptions lack Karma Lakshana of Deepana . Here Karma Lakshana is, as like ‘ Stambha Gourava Sheetaghnata’ Lakshana define Swedana Karma , ‘ Sneha Vishyanda Mardava Kledakaratva’ Lakshana defines Snehana Karma . Such Karma Lakshana with respect to Deepana is not available. Karma Lakshana of Deepana The target where Deepana Karma takes place is Agni . But as discussed earlier Agni is Apratyaksha so Agni Sandhukshana cannot be visualized. Agni is Anumaana Gamya [18] where in the status of Agni can be ascertained by its functioning. Agni is said to be in Deepta Avastha if all the functions of Agni are carried out and expressed normally. So Karma Lakshana of Deepana would be; ▪ Abhyavaharane Abhilashata ▪ Ruchi Prapti ▪ Ahaarasya Samyak Jarana ▪ Samyak Vega Pravrutti ▪ Prakruta Bala ▪ Utsaha Labha ▪ Prakruta Vimala Varnata ▪ Oja Abhivruddhi ▪ Swasthya Anuvartana. The Karma by which these Lakshanas are achieved is Deepana Karma. Mechanisms of Agni Deepana As reviewed in literature primarily three of the Mahabhoota influences Deepana Karma . The Vayu Agni and Pruthvi Mahabhoota , the mechanism of Agni Deepana by the three Mahabhoota is distinct, and as follows; 1. Influence of Vayu Mahabhoota on Deepana Karma Samaana Vaata is primarily responsible for Agni Sandhukshana [10] The Karma or Upakrama which helps to maintain he Samatva of Samaana Vata does Agni Sandhukshana . Sarpipana is one best example for this mode of Agni Deepana . Sarpi is Sheetala, Guru, Snigdha but still can cause Agni Deepana as it makes Samaana Vaata devoid of Dusthi [11] Vyaayama increases the Chalatva of Vaata . This leads to Agni Uddeepana similarly as like in Bahya Lokastitha Agni. In Udavarta Janya Agni Mandya Niruha and Anuvasana Basti are indicated for Deepana [12] The Basti Karma causes Anulomana of Vaata and thus the Prasanna Vaata does Agni Deepana .

Dr. Shriram Murtugudde V. et al. A critical analysis to untangle the Deepana and Paachana Karma ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE July-Aug 2020 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | July - Aug 2020 | Vol. 5 | Issue 4 279 Langhana : Langhana here refers to Laghu Ahaara Bhojana or Abhojana . Laghubhojana is again of two typesbased on Matra , Alpa Matra bhojana and based on Ahaara Dravya Guna, Laghu Dravya Bhojana. Langhana with Alpa Matra Bhojana causes Agni Deepti as Alpa Matra by nature causes Vaata Vruddhi . Initially this Vruddha Vaata causes Agni Sandhukshana . While Laghu Guna Ahaara are dominant of Vayu and Agni Mahabhota , they thus cause Agni Vruddhi by Saamanyata . Abhojana is keeping oneself away from any food intake. It is the very nature of Agni that it consistently does Paachana of something or else. When Ahaara is being provided to Agni , it does Paaka of Ahaara , in absence of Ahaara it does Paaka of Dosha . As a result of Dosha paaka Agni Deepti occurs. 2. Influence of Agni Mahabhoota on Deepana External Application of Ushma This is a method where in Ushma is given externally to skin surface. Snana, Ushna Seka are extrinsic modes of Deepana . Ushma when applied externally, the twakstha Bhraajaka uptakes Ushma and this Ushma is transmitted internally to cause Agni Deepana. [13] Internal administration of Ushna Guna Here Ushnaguna is administered into Shareera which when comes in Sannikarsha with Jathaaragni imparts the Ushmata to Agni leading to Deepti . This Ushmata can be administered in two forms, firstly by administering Dravya in Ushna form, secondly by administering a Dravya having Ushna Guna . Ushnodaka , Ushna Ahaara does Agni Deepana by the Ushmata which it carries along with it. While the Ushna Gunatmaka Dravya like Deepaniya Dashemani does Deepana by imparting the Agni Guna into Shareera . Preservation of Shareera Ushma The influence of Sheeta Kaala prevents the transmission of Shareera Ushma out of body. This Ushma which is retained is Dosha Dhatu Mala Ushma . This Ushma gives Bala to Jaatharaagni and causes Deepana . Here again the Ushnata within Shareera itself will cause Agni Deepana . Similar mode of action can be expected with Sheetodaka Snana. 3. Influence of Pruthvi Mahabhoota on Deepana Ahaara is Indhana for Agni . As like Bahya Agni , the Indhana provided to Jaatharagni does Agni Deepana if Indhana is Matravat . Shodhana : One of the outcome of Shodhana is ‘ Kayagni Abhivruddhi’ [14] But it is also a fact that soon following Shodhana there will be Agni Mandya . To counteract this Agni Mandya Samsarjana Karma has been indicated. Then how shall Shodhana cause Agni Abhivruddhi? Agni Abhivruddhi after Shodhana is an outcome of Samsarjana Karma. The phenomenon is described with a simile - As like Truna and Gomaya initially causes Agni Sandhukshana and further gradually the Agni becomes Mahaan Sthira and Sarva Pacha [15] Here it should be noted that Samsarjana Karma initially causes Agni Deepana further the Agni Bala is enhanced to an extent that it is capable of doing Paachana . Samsarjana Karma if followed without Shodhana may not bring about Agni Deepti and Ama Paachana , but after Shodhana it is able to do Agni Vruddhi . So credit of Agni Vruddhi is not primarily to Samsarjana Karma but instead to Shodhana . In Samsarjana Karma as the Anna Kaala progresses from Peya to Mamsa Rasa the Partheevata of Ahaara is increasing. Thus as Partheevata of Ahaara increases the Agni Bala also increases. Thus from above discussion it can be concluded in a nutshell that Vaayu, Agni and Pruthvi Mahabhoota plays major role in Agni Deepana . Further analyzing the role of these three Mahabhoota it can be known that Vaayu and Pruthvi Mahabhoota are essential in a very balanced state for Deepana . If Vaata Vruddhi occurs excessively by Abhojana or Alpabhojana it causes Agni Mandya . If Pruhvi Mahabhoota increases with Atimatra Bhojana of Guru Ahaara Agni attains Mandata . But Agni Mahabhoota Pradhaana Dravya consistently tend to cause Agni

Dr. Shriram Murtugudde V. et al. A critical analysis to untangle the Deepana and Paachana Karma ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE July-Aug 2020 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | July - Aug 2020 | Vol. 5 | Issue 4 280 Deepana . Thus Acharya Susrutha opinion - ‘ Deepanam Agni Guna Bhooyistham Tat Samaanatvat’ [16] is most acceptable description of Deepana . What is Paachana ? As reviewed in literature, Paachana is a Karma by which Aama Paachana is done but doesn’t cause Agni Vruddhi . The Karma is here described with two technical terms- ‘ Paachana’ and ‘ Ama’ . So to appropriately define Paachana Karma , these two terms need to be defined. There are descriptions available about Ahaara Paaka Prakriya or Ahaara Paachana , so if one be able to deduce this process of Ahaara Paachana , the term ‘ Paachana’ can be defined. What Ahaara Paaka means? What changes happens in Ahara as it undergoes Paaka ? Basically both Shareera and Ahaara are constituted by Panchamahabhoota but differ in their form. By the process of Ahaara Paaka the Ahaarastha Mahabhoota are transformed into Shareera Mahabhoota [17] Mechanism of Paachana Karma As reviewed in literature, some authors opine that Paachana is to do Amapachana and shall not bring about Agni Vruddhi . But Acharya Gangadhara opines that initially Agni Sandhukshana takes place followed by Ama Paachana . So it can expected that there are two mechanisms by which Paachana takes place. 1. By direct interaction between Paachaneeya Dravya and Ama : The target of action of Paachaneeya Dravya is Aama . Secondly it is opined that Paachneeya Dravya donot cause Agni Deepana. So the Paachaneeya Dravya when administered may directly act over Aama . The Dravya by its Swaveerya shall cause Amapaachana . The expected mechanism would be - as like the Jaatharaagni transfers its Bala to Ahaarastha Bhootagni leads to Paaka , similarly the Paachaneeya Dravya shall transfer its Ushnata Teekshnata and other Agneya Guna to Ama leading to Ama Paachana . Hence Chakrapani while defining Paachana “ Pratipaksha Kshapanena ” has been used, to mean, initially Ama is tackled followed by Baladaana to Agni . 2. By Agni Sandhukshana and Agni Baladaana : In this mechanism of Paachana , the Paachaneeya Dravya initially acts on Agni does Deepana and enhances the Agni Bala to an extent that it leads to Paachana . But still here Agni Deepti cannot be appreciated. Firstly it is known that persistence of Ama causes Agni Mandya . So the Agnibala imparted by Paachaneeya Dravya are utilized to bring about Ama Paachana . Once Ama Paachana has been done, the Ama Avarana to Agni is removed. Further the Agni Bala which is imparted by Pachaneeya Dravya is expressed in the form of Abhyavahare Abhilasha , Ruchi etc. So until the expression of these Lakshana the Agni seems to be in Manda Avastha . But ones after Paachana , Agni Deepti becomes evident. So this is an sequential event not simultaneous, where in Paachana is first appreciated then Deepana . Hence when authors opined that Paachaneeya Dravya cannot do Deepana , it means the two Karma cannot be expressed simultaneously. What is Ama ? Ama refers to something which is Apakva or which needs to be subjected to Paaka . As defined earlier Paaka is a process by which Ahaara attains Shareera Bhaava . So with Viparyaya Tantrayukti , Apakva is something which hasn’t attained Shreera Bhaava . “ Avipakvam Asamyuktam …” are two of Ama Swaroopa . Here Asamyuktam can be Visheshana of Apakva; Asamyuktam is one which hasn’t attained Samyoga with Shareera or one which hasn’t attained Shareera Bhaava . Thus Aama is that component which is in Shareera but hasn’t attained Shareera Bhaava . Defining Paachana - The site of action in Paachana is Ama . Paachana Karma is the act by which Ama is processed and transformed into Shareera Bhaava. Karma Lakshana of Paachana : Shareera Dosha Dhatu Mala attaining Niraamatva is the Karma Lakshana of Paachana .

Dr. Shriram Murtugudde V. et al. A critical analysis to untangle the Deepana and Paachana Karma ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE July-Aug 2020 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | July - Aug 2020 | Vol. 5 | Issue 4 281 Previously having defined Ama , it is essential to know Ama Utpatti Hetu so that appropriate Chikitsa can be adopted. CONCLUSION Deepana and Paachana Karma are distinct but both share a common entity that the two provide Bala to Agni . Agni Mahabhoota has potency to bring about both Deepana and Paachana. The details of differences comparision between Deepana and Paachana are tabulated below. Table showing the comparision between Deepana and Paachana SN Factor Deepana Paachana 1. Site of Action Agni Ama 2. Dominance of Mahabhoota Agni, Vaayu, Prithvi Mahabhoota Agni Mahabhoota 3. Mode of Intervention Ahara - Matravat, Kaale Abhyavaharana etc Vihara- Vyayama Snana Ousadha- Mishreya, Sarpi etc Oushadha - Nagakeshara, Chitraka, Mustha 4. Mechanism of Action i) Agni Mahabhoota by Samanata with Shareera Agni does Deepana. ii) Vaayu in Prasanna Avastha (Dusthi Rahita) does Dhmapana, Palana of Agni. iii) Pruthvi acts as Indhana for Agni and hence i) Direct Interaction between Paachaneeya Dravya and Ama : ii) Agni Sandhukshana and Agni Baladaana. enhances Agni leading to Deepana . 5. Karma Lakshana Yatha Kaala Samyak Ahara Jarana. Dosha Dhatu Mala attaining Niraamatva. 6. Utility Nitya Upayogi - Deepta Agni should be maintained all throughout, so Deepana is done by Vidhivat Ahara, Vyayama, Snana etc Avasthika - only in presence of Ama . REFERENCES 1 Pt. Parashurama Shasty Vidyasagara, editor. Sharangadhara Samhita by Sharangadhara with Dipika and Gudaartha Deepika commentary. Choukhamba Surabharathi Prakashan, Varanasi, 2016. Pg.no:33 2 Vaidya YT Acharya, editor. Susruta Samhitha of Susruta with Nibandha Sangraha commentary. Choukhamba Surabharathi Prakashan, Varanasi, 2012. Pg.no:182. 3 Vaidya YT Acharya, editor. Susruta Samhitha of Susruta with Nibandha Sangraha commentary. Choukhamba Surabharathi Prakashan, Varanasi, 2012. Pg.no: 4 Pt. Parashurama Shasty Vidyasagara, editor. Sharangadhara Samhita by Sharangadhara with Dipika and Gudaartha Deepika commentary. Choukhamba Surabharathi Prakashan, Varanasi, 2016. Pg.no:34 5 Vaidya YT Acharya, editor. Charaka Samhitha by Agnivesha with Ayurveda Deepika Teeka. Choukhamba Surabharathi Prakashan, Varanasi, 2011. Pg.no:120 6 Pt Hari Sadashiva Shastry, editor. Astanga Hrudaya by Vagbhata with Sarvanga Sundara and Ayurveda Rasayana Teeka. Choukhamba Surabharathi Prakashan, Varanasi, 2010. Pg.no-193 7 Vaidya YT Acharya, editor. Susruta Samhitha of Susruta with Nibandha Sangraha commentary. Choukhamba Surabharathi Prakashan, Varanasi, 2012. Pg.no:252 8 Vaidya YT Acharya, editor. Charaka Samhitha by Agnivesha with Ayurveda Deepika Teeka. Choukhamba Surabharathi Prakashan, Varanasi, 2011. Pg.no:37

Dr. Shriram Murtugudde V. et al. A critical analysis to untangle the Deepana and Paachana Karma ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE July-Aug 2020 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | July - Aug 2020 | Vol. 5 | Issue 4 282 9 Vaidya YT Acharya, editor. Charaka Samhitha by Agnivesha with Ayurveda Deepika Teeka. Choukhamba Surabharathi Prakashan, Varanasi, 2011. Pg.no:512 10 Vaidya YT Acharya, editor. Charaka Samhitha by Agnivesha with Ayurveda Deepika Teeka. Choukhamba Surabharathi Prakashan, Varanasi, 2011. Pg.no:79 11 Vaidya YT Acharya, editor. Charaka Samhitha by Agnivesha with Ayurveda Deepika Teeka. Choukhamba Surabharathi Prakashan, Varanasi, 2011. Pg.no:524 12 Vaidya YT Acharya, editor. Charaka Samhitha by Agnivesha with Ayurveda Deepika Teeka. Choukhamba Surabharathi Prakashan, Varanasi, 2011. Pg.no:524 13 Pt Hari Sadashiva Shastry, editor. Astanga Hrudaya by Vagbhata with Sarvanga Sundara and Ayurveda Rasayana Teeka. Choukhamba Surabharathi Prakashan, Varanasi, 2010. Pg.no-28 14 Vaidya YT Acharya, editor. Charaka Samhitha by Agnivesha with Ayurveda Deepika Teeka. Choukhamba Surabharathi Prakashan, Varanasi, 2011. Pg.no: 97 15 Vaidya YT Acharya, editor. Charaka Samhitha by Agnivesha with Ayurveda Deepika Teeka. Choukhamba Surabharathi Prakashan, Varanasi, 2011. Pg.no:679 16 Vaidya YT Acharya, editor. Susruta Samhitha of Susruta with Nibandha Sangraha commentary. Choukhamba Surabharathi Prakashan, Varanasi, 2012. Pg.no:182 17 Vaidya YT Acharya, editor. Charaka Samhitha by Agnivesha with Ayurveda Deepika Teeka. Choukhamba Surabharathi Prakashan, Varanasi, 2011. Pg.no:512 18 Vaidya YT Acharya, editor. Charaka Samhitha by Agnivesha with Ayurveda Deepika Teeka. Choukhamba Surabharathi Prakashan, Varanasi, 2011. Pg.no:248 ******************************* How to cite this article: Dr. Shriram Murtugudde V, Dr. Shreevathsa. A critical analysis to untangle the Deepana and Paachana Karma. J Ayurveda Integr Med Sci 2020;4:276-282. Source of Support: Nil, Conflict of Interest: None declared. Copyright © 2020 The Author(s); Published by Maharshi Charaka Ayurveda Organization, Vijayapur (Regd). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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