A Review on Vatarakta with special reference to Pathya-Apathya in Vatarakta

REVIEW ARTICLE Mar-Apr 2020 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | Mar - Apr 2020 | Vol. 5 | Issue 2 219 A Review on Vatarakta with special reference to Pathya-Apathya in Vatarakta Dr. Faeem Ahamad 1 , Dr. Khushboo 2 , Dr. Rajveer Gupta 3 , Dr. Harprasad Ahirwar 4 1 Post Graduate Scholar, 3,4 Assistant Professor, Dept. of Maulik Siddhant, Sri Sai Ayurvedic P.G. College, Aligarh, 2 Post Graduate Scholar, Dept. Of Salya Tantra, All India Institute of Ayurved, New Delhi, INDIA. I NTRODUCTION There are a variety of disorders produced by conjugation of excessively aggravated Vata and vitiated Rakta and one of the most important is Vatarakta . Hence, it has been described as a separate disease entity in Charak Samhita. [1] While in Sushrut Samhita this condition described under Vatavyadhi. [2] Vatarakta is the disease where Vatadosha and Rakta Dhatu both are vitiated simultaneously [3] The vitiated Rakta Dhatu obstructs Vata and results in Vatashonita. [4] Its seat is hands, feet, fingers and all joints. At first it Address for correspondence: Dr. Faeem Ahamad Post Graduate Scholar, Dept. of Maulik Siddhant, Sri Sai Ayurvedic P.G. College, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, INDIA. E-mail: dr.ahmad.af [email protected] Submission Date: 19/03/2020 Accepted Date: 22/04/2020 Access this article online Quick Response Code Website: www.jaims.in Published by Maharshi Charaka Ayurveda Organization, Vijayapur, Karnataka (Regd) under the license CCby-NC-SA confirms its root in hands and feet and then spreads over the body. Due to subtle ( Sookshma ) and pervasive ( Sarvsara ) nature of Vata , and liquidity and flowingness of the Rakta, it spreads to the all over the body. Being obstructed in joints due to zigzag way it gets located there with agitation and in combination with Pitta etc., causes respected afflictions. Hence it produces pain mostly in those joints as such patient suffers from respective pain very difficult to tolerate [5] Therefore, in general, the disease gives rise to severe pain, tenderness, hot, red and swollen with shiny overlying skin in all the affected joints, and Hence, Vatarakta can be correlated with Gout described in modern science [6] Acharya Charaka had stated that wholesome food is one of the causes for the growth and wellbeing of humans while unwholesome food is the root of all diseases [7] Acharya Sushrut had further supported the fact by stating that food is the cause of vitality, strength, complexion and Oja [8] The disease which is new and caused by one Dosha is curable, that caused by two Doshas is maintainable, and the one caused by three Doshas as well as with complications is incurable [9] A B S T R A C T Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. The health of an individual solely depends on one’s diet and life style. Nowadays human beings are more vulnerable to many disorders due to their faulty dietary habits and altered life style. These disorders may be causing functional impairment or crippling disorders like Vatarakta. Vatarakta is more distressing and common metabolic disorder in this era due to sedentary life style along with mental stress and other precipitating factors. Apart from being a part of regime of healthy living, Acharyas had also extended the concept of Pathya (wholesome) and Apathya (unwholesome) as a part of the treatment of the diseases. It is very much necessary for the patients to have the food which will keep their Dhatu in healthy state and will not let them get vitiated more from Doshas , so the patients must follow the healthy way of consumption of food i.e. Pathya. Key words: Vatarakta, Pathya, Apathya.

Dr. Faeem Ahamad et al. A Review on Vatarakta with special reference to Pathya-Apathya in Vatarakta ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE Mar-Apr 2020 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | Mar - Apr 2020 | Vol. 5 | Issue 2 220 O BJECTIVES To study the Pathya-Apathya in Vatarakta. M ATERIALS AND M ETHODS The disease Vatarakta , is described in Brihattrayi , and other successive texts. Various information regarding Pathya Apathya in Vatarakta has been collected from different classical texts, journals and internet sources. Discussion and conclusion are drawn on the basis of compiled information DISCUSSION Aushadha (drugs), Ahara (diet) and Vihara (conducts) are the three main pillars of Ayurveda. Along with various medicinal preparations, Acharyas also described Pathya and Apathya for the diseases The food or regime which do not adversely affects the body and are pleasant to one’s mind and soul are called - Pathya . Opposite to it the food or regime which adversely affects the body and are not pleasant to mind and soul are called - Apathya. Vatarakta is a complex disease and involves Dushti of various Srotamshi , so an effort is made here to understand the Pathya-Apathya w.s.r. Vatarakta. Hetu of Vatarakta Vata and Rakta are Dosha and Dushya of Vatarakta . The Viprakrista Nidana of Vatarakta can be classified into; 1 Factors responsible for vitiation of Vata. 2 Factors responsible for vitiation of Rakta. Factors responsible for vitiation of Vata a) Ahara ▪ Intake of foods rich in Kashaya (astringent), Katu (pungent), Tikta (bitter ) Rasa’s and Ruksha Guna ▪ Alpahara Sevana - intake of food often smaller than a regular meal ▪ Abhojana - fasting ▪ Faulty use of Sneha etc ▪ People of delicate nature and those who indulge in faulty diet and activities b) Vihara ▪ Excessive riding on elephants, horses, camels etc. ▪ Excessive swimming, suppression of natural urges, excessive intercourse. ▪ Increased physical activity, violent exercise. ▪ Keeping awake at night, trauma, not resting to purifactory therapies. Factors responsible for vitiation of Rakta a) Ahara ▪ Excessive consumption of Lavana (salts), Amla (sour), Katu (pungent) Rasa’s and Snigdha (too oily), Kshara (alkaline), Ushna (hot) Guna rich foods. ▪ Ajeerna Bhojana - consumption of food in presence of indigestion. ▪ Viruddhasana - intake of mutually contraindicated foods. ▪ Adhyasana - intake of food before the previous meal is digested. ▪ Ingestion of Klinna (moist) and Shushka (dry) foods ▪ Excessive intake of Anoopamamsa, Kulattha, Masha, Nishpava Sura, Asava etc. ▪ Intake of irritant, hot, sour, alkaline substance etc. b) Vihara ▪ Due to Abhighata, Ashuddhi, Krodha, Achankramana. ▪ Divaswapna and Ratrijagran. ▪ More exposure to heat, cold etc Pathya for Vatarakta For the patients suffering from Vatarakta, Acharya described many foods as described here; ▪ Cereals like old barley, wheat, nivara (a type of wild rice), Shali as well as Shastika type of rice should be included in diet

Dr. Faeem Ahamad et al. A Review on Vatarakta with special reference to Pathya-Apathya in Vatarakta ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE Mar-Apr 2020 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | Mar - Apr 2020 | Vol. 5 | Issue 2 221 ▪ Mamsarasa of Vishikara (gallinaceous) and Pratuda (peckers) birds. ▪ Harit Shak (green leafy vegetables) like Kakamachi ( Solanum nigrum ), Masura ( Lens esculanta ), Mudga ( Psoralea radiatus ), Shatavari ( Asparagus recimosus ) sizzled with Ghrita and Mamsarasa . ▪ Milk of cow, buffalo and goat is Pathya for Vatarakta patients. Apathya for Vatarakta Vatarakta patients should avoid; ▪ Meats, sea food, alcohol intake ▪ Sleep during day time, exposure to heat or sunlight ▪ Exercise, coitus ▪ Intake of Katu (pungent), Ushna (hot) and Abhisyandi foods ▪ Excessive intake of Amla and Lavana Rasa Pradhan food CONCLUSION Pathya (wholesome) and Apathya (unwholesome) food are responsible for happiness and misery respectively. The person who always avoid the intake of unwholesome food are held in high esteems by saints. Wholesome food is said to be one of the major causes for the growth of living beings and the unwholesome food for the growth of diseases. The practice of Pathya Apathya as per season will improve overall health. REFERENCES 1 Acharya Charak, Charak Samhita Chikitsa Sthana 29, Vaidyamanorama Hindi Commentary; Edited by Acharya Vidyadhar Shukla and Prof. Ravidutt Tripathi (2015), by Publishers Chaukhamba Sanskrit Pratishthan, Jawahar Nagar, Delhi. pg-730 2 Acharya Sushruta, Sushruta Samhita, Nidansthanam 01, Ayurveda Tattva-Sandipika Hindi Commentary, Edited by Kaviraja Ambikadutta Shastri (2014), by Publishers Chaukhamba Publications, New Delhi. pg-300 3 Acharya Charak, Charak Samhita, Chikitsa Sthana 29, Vaidyamanorama Hindi Commentary; Edited by Acharya Vidyadhar Shukla and Prof. Ravidutt Tripathi (2015), by Publishers Chaukhamba Sanskrit Pratishthan, Jawahar Nagar, Delhi. pg-730 4 Acharya Vahbhatta, Ashtang Hridaya Samhita, Nidana Sthana -16, Shiv Deepika Hindi Commentary, by Pandit Shiv Sharma (1986), by publishers Khemraj, Shri Krishan Das Prakashan, Bombay. Pg-389 5 Acharya Charaka, Charaka Samhita Chikitsa Sthan 29, English Translation by P.V.Sharma (fourth edition 1998), by publishers Chaukhamba Orientalia, Varanasi,pg-487 6 Medicine: Prep Manual for Undergraduates, 5/e K. George Mathew and Praveen Aggarwal, chapter-09, pg-751, published by Reed Elsevier India Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi (2015) 7 Acharya Charaka, Charak Samhita, Sutra Sthan-25, Vidyotini Hindi Commentary edited by; Pt. Kasinatha Sastri and Dr. Gorakha Natha Chaturvedi, (2013). published by Chaukhamba Bharati Academy, Varanasi. pg-463. 8 Acharya Sushruta, Sushruta Samhita, Sutra Sthana – 46, Ayurveda-Tattva-Sandipika Hindi Commentary, Edited by Kaviraja Ambikadutta Shastri (2014), by Publishers Chaukhamba Publications, New Delhi. pg-240 9 Acharya Charaka, Charaka Samhita Chikitsa Sthan-29, English Translation by P.V. Sharma (fourth edition 1998), by publishers Chaukhamba Orientalia, Varanasi, pg-489 ******************************* How to cite this article: Dr. Faeem Ahamad, Dr. Khushboo, Dr. Rajveer Gupta, Dr. Harprasad Ahirwar. A Review on Vatarakta with special reference to Pathya- Apathya in Vatarakta. J Ayurveda Integr Med Sci 2020;2:219-221. Source of Support: Nil, Conflict of Interest: None declared. Copyright © 2020 The Author(s); Published by Maharshi Charaka Ayurveda Organization, Vijayapur (Regd). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.