Literary study of Grahani Roga and management

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[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Manas, Fast, Mala, Kashmir]

REVIEW ARTICLE May-June 2019 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | May - June 2019 | Vol. 4 | Issue 3 132 Literary study of Grahani Roga and management Rajni Langhay Medical Officer, Dept. of Kriya Sharir, Jammu Institute of Ayurveda and Research, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India. I NTRODUCTION The word Grahani is derived from Dhatu “ Grah ” which means to catch, to hold or to get. ( Shabda Kalpadrum ). Grahani is the specialized part of the Mahasrotas [1] (Gastrointestinal system). Grahani is the seat of Agni . It retains the food till the food is fully digested and then passes it into Pakwashaya (intestine). Functionally weak Agni i.e., Mandagni causes improper digestion of ingested food & leads to Grahani Roga . Grahani is a disease of great clinical relevance in modern era because of its direct link with the improper food habits and stressful lifestyle of the present time. Grahani Roga is constructed with the Address for correspondence: Dr. Rajni Langhay Medical Officer, Dept. of Kriya Sharir, Jammu Institute of Ayurveda and Research, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India. E-mail: langhayrajni 1983@gmail.com Submission Date: 14/05/2019 Accepted Date: 20/06/2019 Access this article online Quick Response Code Website: www.jaims.in Published by Maharshi Charaka Ayurveda Organization, Vijayapur, Karnataka (Regd) under the license CCby-NC-SA consideration of symptoms Mala Pravritti, Udarda, Shoola, Kshudhalpata, Adhmana, Hrillasa etc. Some Lakshanas [2] are mentioned below; 1 Chronic abdominal pain 2 Loss of appetite 3 Failure to thrive 4 Flatulence 5 Belching 6 Eructation / salivation 7 Nausea / vomiting 8 Indigestion 9 Chronic loose motion 10 Constipation 11 Frequency of loose stool just after meal 12 Stool with mucous and foul smell 13 Abdominal distension In Ayurveda, Grahani Roga is one among the Mahagadas . The word Grahani can be understood in A B S T R A C T A healthy body creates a healthy mind. A healthy gut molds a healthy body. This establishes the relation of gut with that of the brain. Ayurveda emphasized the relation with gut and brain dating back to the centuries. It is very much evident while going through Manasika Vikaras mentioned in our classics. Manas Roga Lakshanas can get manifested or precipitated by bowel pathologies or Koshtajanya Vikaras . Brain and spinal cord carries abundant network of neurons. Surprisingly, the human body carries a second brain in its gut and we address it as the enteric nervous system. It has the capacity to function independently. Aahara can manipulate the body constructively or even destructively, which later influences at the psychic and somatic level. Therefore, food or diet was considered to be superior to the medicines in the ancient classics. In the current era of fast moving life, due to injudicious and erratic diet nature and pattern which induces stress to the gut, causing Dushti of Samana Vata which plays a major role in the digestion along with Pachaka Pitta , Kledaka Kapha which ultimately effects Sadhaka Pitta . Key words: Grahani, Manas, Koshtajanya Vikaras, Pachaka Pitta, Kledaka Kapha.

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[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Vega, Anna, Jeeva, Anjana, Rasa, Ama, Rupa, Kala, Ritu]

Rajni Langhay. Literary study of Grahani Roga and management ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE May-June 2019 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | May - June 2019 | Vol. 4 | Issue 3 133 three ways i.e., Grahani Avayava , Grahani Dosha & Grahani Roga . Any deviation from the status of Samagni , Mandagni , Teekshnagni & Vishamagni are called as Grahani Dosha . The organ Grahani is the seat of Jatharagni . It is supported and nourished by the strength of Agni . Normally it receives the ingested food, which is retained by restraining the downward movement. After digestion it releases the food through sides of lumen to next Ashaya i.e., Pakvashaya . In abnormal condition due to weakness of Agni , it gets vitiated and releases food in indigested form when Agni is not proper the food will not be digested properly and this undigested food gets fermentation and act like poison in the body. Ama Utpatti leads to Grahani Roga so, it should be mainly treated by Agnivardhana drugs with Deepana and Pachan properties. In modern science Grahani Roga include into digestive disorders. Grahani (Malabsorption syndrome) is a disease condition depicted in classical Ayurvedic treatises. Physiologically after intake of any food its digestion, absorption and assimilation into Saara (essence) and Kitta (waste product) by Jathara Agni Vyapara (tissue interaction) thereafter circulation of Rasa throughout the Shareera and Kittavisarjana (waste removal) have to be carried out normally for Jeeva Poshana i.e., maintaining the homeostasis by adequate nutrition. Agni Dosha which is situated in Grahani itself is considered as Grahani Dosha . Functional disintegration due to Agni dysfunction & organic disintegration due to defective dynamics of internal mucosa can be considered as Grahani Dosha & Grahani Roga respectively. Acharya Vagbhatta [3] says Grahani Roga is characterized by frequent passing of stool having Baddha and Drava consistency. Nidana Abhojana (excessive fasting), Atibhojana (excessive food intake), Vishama Bhojana (improper food), Asatmya Bhojana (unwholesome food) etc. Vyapada of Vamana , Virechana , Snehana (adverse effect of therapeutic measures), Vega Vidharana (suppression of natural urges), Viruddha or incompatibility of Desha , Kala and Ritu , Shoka (grief), Krodha (anger), Bhaya (fear). Purva Roopa (Premonitory Symptoms) of Grahani Roga . Ayurveda literature unanimously mentions Trushna (thirst), Alasya (lethargy), Shirogourawa (Heaviness of head), Balakshaya (loss of strength), Vidaha (burning sensation) Chirapaka (delayed digestion), Kayagaurava . Rupa Ati Srustha Mala Pravritti , Vibbadha Mala Pravritti (occasional hard and soft stool), Arochaka (tastelessness), Vairashya (altered taste), Praseka (nausea), Tamaka , Shunapadkra , Asthiparvaruka , Chhardana (vomiting), Jwara (fever), Lohanugandhi Udgara . Chikitsa Agnimandhya [4] is important factor in the Samprapti of the disease Grahani Roga so it should be mainly treated for Agnivardhana by Deepana and Pachana drugs like Chitrakadi Vati , Marichadi Churna , Madhukaaasava , Kshara Ghrita can be used in Grahani Roga . Apathya Pathya Takra, Masur, Tuvara, Mudaga, Tila, Makshika, Dadima Nidra, Chhardan, Langhana Apathya Ahara Apathya Vihar Anna, Draksha, Gomutra, Dugdha, Gud, Gomutra, Viruddha Bhojana Aatap, Ratri Jagarana, Snana, Vega Dharana, Nasya Karma, Anjana, Svedan and Dhumpan. CONCLUSION Ayurveda possesses ability to control Tridosha imbalances using various herbs and natural medicines. The disorders related to digestion of food and its absorption is becoming more common than the past due to our faulty food habits. Grahani Roga is one of them and can be cured using basic principles. Drugs relieve disease symptoms along with Yoga and meditation. Vatanulomana and Agnideepana Aharas along with Deepana & Pachana Drugs.

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[Find the meaning and references behind the names: Naveen, Nil, Med, Chandra, Prakashan]

Rajni Langhay. Literary study of Grahani Roga and management ISSN: 2456-3110 REVIEW ARTICLE May-June 2019 Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences | May - June 2019 | Vol. 4 | Issue 3 134 REFERENCES 1 Yadavji Trikamji Acharya. Charaka Samhita, Chikitsa Sthana, Grahani Dosha Chikitsa Adhyaya, 15/56/57. Chaukhambha Surabharathi, Varanasi. 2008;p 462. 2 Yadavji Trikamji Acharya. Charaka Samhita, Chikitsa Sthana, Grahani Dosha Chikitsa Adhyaya, 15/53/54, Chaukhambha Surabharathi, Varanasi. 2008;p 461. 3 Vagbhatta. Astanga Hridaya, Chikitsa Sthana, Grahani Dosha Chikitsa Adhyaya edited by Y. Upadhyaya, Chaukhambha Prakashan, Varanasi. 10/1. 4 Brahmanand Tripathi, Madhava Nidana, Revised edition, Choukambha Surabharati Prakashan, Varanasi. 2012; 1:232-279. 5 Naveen Chandra N.H. Text book on Clinical Biochemistry and Haematology. published by the author, SDM College of Ayurveda, Kuthpady, Udupi. ******************************* How to cite this article: Rajni Langhay. Literary study of Grahani Roga and management. J Ayurveda Integr Med Sci 2019:3:132-134. Source of Support: Nil, Conflict of Interest: None declared.